Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-4205 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apple Safari

047910
CVSS 4.3 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
MEDIUM
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
NONE
Integrity impact
PARTIAL
Availability impact
NONE
network
apple
CWE-20
nessus

Summary

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. Safari before 11.1.1 is affected. The issue involves the "Safari" component. It allows remote attackers to spoof the address bar via a crafted web site.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
Application
Apple
157

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
  • Cross Zone Scripting
    An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
  • Cross Site Scripting through Log Files
    An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.

Nessus

NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
NASL idMACOSX_SAFARI11_1_1.NASL
descriptionThe version of Apple Safari installed on the remote macOS or Mac OS X host is prior to 11.1.1 It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities. - A remote code execution vulnerability exists in WebKit due to improper memory handling. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a specifically crafted web page to to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (CVE-2018-4199, CVE-2018-4201, CVE-2018-4218, CVE-2018-4233). - An information disclosure vulnerability exists in WebKit. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a specifically crafted web page, to disclose potentially sensitive information (CVE-2018-4190). - An out-of-bounds read error exists in WebKit due to improper input validation. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a specifically crafted web page that leverages a getWasmBufferFromValue during WebAssembly compilation to execute arbitrary code (CVE-2018-4222).
last seen2020-06-01
modified2020-06-02
plugin id126381
published2019-07-02
reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/126381
titlemacOS : Apple Safari < 11.1.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
code
#
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(126381);
  script_version("1.3");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/07/05  9:53:32");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-4188",
    "CVE-2018-4190",
    "CVE-2018-4192",
    "CVE-2018-4199",
    "CVE-2018-4201",
    "CVE-2018-4205",
    "CVE-2018-4214",
    "CVE-2018-4218",
    "CVE-2018-4222",
    "CVE-2018-4232",
    "CVE-2018-4233",
    "CVE-2018-4246",
    "CVE-2018-4247",
    "CVE-2018-4277"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(104358, 104366);

  script_name(english:"macOS : Apple Safari < 11.1.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the Safari version.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"A web browser installed on the remote macOS or Mac OS X host is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The version of Apple Safari installed on the remote macOS or Mac OS X host is prior to 11.1.1 It is, therefore,
affected by multiple vulnerabilities.

- A remote code execution vulnerability exists in WebKit due to improper memory handling.
  An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a specifically crafted
  web page to to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service
  (CVE-2018-4199, CVE-2018-4201, CVE-2018-4218, CVE-2018-4233).

- An information disclosure vulnerability exists in WebKit. An unauthenticated,
  remote attacker can exploit this, via a specifically crafted web page,
  to disclose potentially sensitive information (CVE-2018-4190).

- An out-of-bounds read error exists in WebKit due to improper input validation.
  An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a specifically crafted web page
  that leverages a getWasmBufferFromValue  during WebAssembly compilation to execute arbitrary
  code (CVE-2018-4222).
");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208854");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Apple Safari version 11.1.1 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4199");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Safari Proxy Object Type Confusion');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/06/01");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/06/01");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/07/02");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apple:safari");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("macosx_apple_safari_installed.nbin");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/MacOSX/Version", "MacOSX/Safari/Installed");
  exit(0);
}

include('audit.inc');
include('global_settings.inc');
include('misc_func.inc');

if (!get_kb_item('Host/local_checks_enabled')) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
os = get_kb_item('Host/MacOSX/Version');
if (!os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'Mac OS X or macOS');

if (!preg(pattern:"Mac OS X 10\.(11|12|13)([^0-9]|$)", string:os))
  audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, 'Mac OS X El Capitan 10.11 / macOS Sierra 10.12 / macOS High Sierra 10.13');

get_kb_item_or_exit('MacOSX/Safari/Installed', exit_code:0);
path      = get_kb_item_or_exit('MacOSX/Safari/Path', exit_code:1);
version   = get_kb_item_or_exit('MacOSX/Safari/Version', exit_code:1);

fixed_version = '11.1.1';

if (ver_compare(ver:version, fix:fixed_version, strict:FALSE) == -1)
{
  report = report_items_str(
    report_items:make_array(
      'Path', path,
      'Installed version', version,
      'Fixed version', fixed_version
    ),
    ordered_fields:make_list('Path', 'Installed version', 'Fixed version')
  );
  security_report_v4(port:0, severity:SECURITY_WARNING, extra:report);
}
else audit(AUDIT_INST_PATH_NOT_VULN, 'Safari', version, path);