Vulnerabilities > CVE-2019-8853 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apple mac OS X
Attack vector
LOCAL Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
HIGH Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
NONE Summary
A validation issue was addressed with improved input sanitization. This issue is fixed in macOS Catalina 10.15.4, Security Update 2020-002 Mojave, Security Update 2020-002 High Sierra, macOS Catalina 10.15.2, Security Update 2019-002 Mojave, and Security Update 2019-007 High Sierra. An application may be able to read restricted memory.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
- Server Side Include (SSI) Injection An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
- Cross Zone Scripting An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
- Cross Site Scripting through Log Files An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
- Command Line Execution through SQL Injection An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.
Nessus
NASL family MacOS X Local Security Checks NASL id MACOS_HT210788.NASL description The remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is 10.13.x prior to 10.13.6 Security Update 2019-007, 10.14.x prior to 10.14.6 Security Update 2019-002, or 10.15.x prior to 10.15.2. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - slapd in OpenLDAP before 2.4.30 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon exit) via an LDAP search query with attrsOnly set to true, which causes empty attributes to be returned. (CVE-2012-1164) - libraries/libldap/tls_m.c in OpenLDAP, possibly 2.4.31 and earlier, when using the Mozilla NSS backend, always uses the default cipher suite even when TLSCipherSuite is set, which might cause OpenLDAP to use weaker ciphers than intended and make it easier for remote attackers to obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2012-2668) - The rwm overlay in OpenLDAP 2.4.23, 2.4.36, and earlier does not properly count references, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (slapd crash) by unbinding immediately after a search request, which triggers rwm_conn_destroy to free the session context while it is being used by rwm_op_search. (CVE-2013-4449) - The deref_parseCtrl function in servers/slapd/overlays/deref.c in OpenLDAP 2.4.13 through 2.4.40 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and crash) via an empty attribute list in a deref control in a search request. (CVE-2015-1545) - tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a heap-based buffer over-read related to aoe_print in print-aoe.c and lookup_emem in addrtoname.c. (CVE-2017-16808) - tcpdump before 4.9.3 mishandles the printing of SMB data (issue 1 of 2). (CVE-2018-10103) - tcpdump before 4.9.3 mishandles the printing of SMB data (issue 2 of 2). (CVE-2018-10105) - The LDP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-ldp.c:ldp_tlv_print(). (CVE-2018-14461) - The ICMP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-icmp.c:icmp_print(). (CVE-2018-14462) - The VRRP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-vrrp.c:vrrp_print(). (CVE-2018-14463) - The LMP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-lmp.c:lmp_print_data_link_subobjs(). (CVE-2018-14464) - The RSVP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-rsvp.c:rsvp_obj_print(). (CVE-2018-14465) - The Rx parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over- read in print-rx.c:rx_cache_find() and rx_cache_insert(). (CVE-2018-14466) - The BGP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-bgp.c:bgp_capabilities_print() (BGP_CAPCODE_MP). (CVE-2018-14467) - The FRF.16 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-fr.c:mfr_print(). (CVE-2018-14468) - The IKEv1 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-isakmp.c:ikev1_n_print(). (CVE-2018-14469) - The Babel parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-babel.c:babel_print_v2(). (CVE-2018-14470) - The command-line argument parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer overflow in tcpdump.c:get_next_file(). (CVE-2018-14879) - The OSPFv3 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-ospf6.c:ospf6_print_lshdr(). (CVE-2018-14880) - The BGP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-bgp.c:bgp_capabilities_print() (BGP_CAPCODE_RESTART). (CVE-2018-14881) - The ICMPv6 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-icmp6.c. (CVE-2018-14882) - The IEEE 802.11 parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-802_11.c for the Mesh Flags subfield. (CVE-2018-16227) - The HNCP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-hncp.c:print_prefix(). (CVE-2018-16228) - The DCCP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-dccp.c:dccp_print_option(). (CVE-2018-16229) - The BGP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has a buffer over-read in print-bgp.c:bgp_attr_print() (MP_REACH_NLRI). (CVE-2018-16230) - The BGP parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 allows stack consumption in print-bgp.c:bgp_attr_print() because of unlimited recursion. (CVE-2018-16300) - libpcap before 1.9.1, as used in tcpdump before 4.9.3, has a buffer overflow and/or over-read because of errors in pcapng reading. (CVE-2018-16301) - The SMB parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has buffer over- reads in print-smb.c:print_trans() for \MAILSLOT\BROWSE and \PIPE\LANMAN. (CVE-2018-16451) - The SMB parser in tcpdump before 4.9.3 has stack exhaustion in smbutil.c:smb_fdata() via recursion. (CVE-2018-16452) - An issue was discovered in the server in OpenLDAP before 2.4.48. When the server administrator delegates rootDN (database admin) privileges for certain databases but wants to maintain isolation (e.g., for multi-tenant deployments), slapd does not properly stop a rootDN from requesting authorization as an identity from another database during a SASL bind or with a proxyAuthz (RFC 4370) control. (It is not a common configuration to deploy a system where the server administrator and a DB administrator enjoy different levels of trust.) (CVE-2019-13057) - An issue was discovered in OpenLDAP 2.x before 2.4.48. When using SASL authentication and session encryption, and relying on the SASL security layers in slapd access controls, it is possible to obtain access that would otherwise be denied via a simple bind for any identity covered in those ACLs. After the first SASL bind is completed, the sasl_ssf value is retained for all new non-SASL connections. Depending on the ACL configuration, this can affect different types of operations (searches, modifications, etc.). In other words, a successful authorization step completed by one user affects the authorization requirement for a different user. (CVE-2019-13565) - rpcapd/daemon.c in libpcap before 1.9.1 mishandles certain length values because of reuse of a variable. This may open up an attack vector involving extra data at the end of a request. (CVE-2019-15161) - rpcapd/daemon.c in libpcap before 1.9.1 on non-Windows platforms provides details about why authentication failed, which might make it easier for attackers to enumerate valid usernames. (CVE-2019-15162) - rpcapd/daemon.c in libpcap before 1.9.1 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and daemon crash) if a crypt() call fails. (CVE-2019-15163) - rpcapd/daemon.c in libpcap before 1.9.1 allows SSRF because a URL may be provided as a capture source. (CVE-2019-15164) - sf-pcapng.c in libpcap before 1.9.1 does not properly validate the PHB header length before allocating memory. (CVE-2019-15165) - lmp_print_data_link_subobjs() in print-lmp.c in tcpdump before 4.9.3 lacks certain bounds checks. (CVE-2019-15166) - In libexpat before 2.2.8, crafted XML input could fool the parser into changing from DTD parsing to document parsing too early; a consecutive call to XML_GetCurrentLineNumber (or XML_GetCurrentColumnNumber) then resulted in a heap-based buffer over-read. (CVE-2019-15903) Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the operating system last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 131957 published 2019-12-12 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/131957 title macOS 10.15.x < 10.15.2 / 10.14.x < 10.14.6 Security Update 2019-002 / 10.13.x < 10.13.6 Security Update 2019-007 NASL family MacOS X Local Security Checks NASL id MACOS_HT211100.NASL description The remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is 10.13.x prior to 10.13.6 Security Update 2020-002, 10.14.x prior to 10.14.6 Security Update 2020-002, or 10.15.x prior to 10.15.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - Insufficient control flow in certain data structures for some Intel(R) Processors with Intel(R) Processor Graphics may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access. (CVE-2019-14615) - ** DISPUTED ** In Sudo through 1.8.29, an attacker with access to a Runas ALL sudoer account can impersonate a nonexistent user by invoking sudo with a numeric uid that is not associated with any user. NOTE: The software maintainer believes that this is not a vulnerability because running a command via sudo as a user not present in the local password database is an intentional feature. Because this behavior surprised some users, sudo 1.8.30 introduced an option to enable/disable this behavior with the default being disabled. However, this does not change the fact that sudo was behaving as intended, and as documented, in earlier versions. (CVE-2019-19232) - An out-of-bounds read error exists in Bluetooth due to improper input sanitization. An attacker can exploit this to read restricted memory. (CVE-2019-8853) - Privilege escalation vulnerabilities exist in IOThunderboltFamily (due to a use-after-free flaw), and in CUPS (due to a memory corruption issue). An attacker can exploit this to gain elevated access to the system. (CVE-2020-3851, CVE-2020-3898) - An information disclosure vulnerability exists in FaceTime, Icons, and Call History. An unauthenticated, local attacker can exploit this, via malicious applications, to disclose potentially sensitive information. (CVE-2020-3881, CVE-2020-9773, CVE-2020-9776) - An information disclosure vulnerability exists in Sandbox. A local user can exploit this to view sensitvie user information. (CVE-2020-3918) - An unspecified issue exists in AppleMobileFileIntegrity due to an unspecified reason. An attacker can exploit this to use arbitrary entitlements. (CVE-2020-3883) - An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in Mail due to improper input validation. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary JavaScript code. (CVE-2020-3884) - An arbitrary file read vulnerability exists in Time Machine due to improper state management. An unauthenticated, local attacker can exploit this to read arbitrary files and disclose sensitive information. (CVE-2020-3889) - An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in AppleGraphicsControl, Bluetooth, IOHIDFamily, and the kernel due to memory initialization and corruption issues. An attacker can exploit this to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands with kernel privileges. (CVE-2020-3892, CVE-2020-3893, CVE-2020-3904, CVE-2020-3905, CVE-2020-3919, CVE-2020-9785) - An arbitrary code execution vulnerability exists in Apple HSSPI Support due to a memory corruption issue. An attacker can exploit this to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary commands with system privileges. (CVE-2020-3903) - A logic issue exists in TCC due to an unspecified reason. An attacker can exploit this, via a maliciously crafted application, to cause bypass code signing. (CVE-2020-3906) - An out-of-bounds read error exists in Bluetooth due to improper input validation. An unauthenticated local attacker can exploit this to cause a denial of service or read kernel memory. (CVE-2020-3907, CVE-2020-3908, CVE-2020-3912) - A buffer overflow condition exists in libxml2 due to improper bounds checking and size validation. An attacker can exploit this to cause a denial of service condition or the execution of arbitrary code. (CVE-2020-3909, CVE-2020-3910, CVE-2020-3911) - A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in due to improper permission validation. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, to gain elevated access to the system. (CVE-2020-3913) - An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the kernel due to improper memory handling. An attacker can exploit this to read restricted memory. (CVE-2020-3914) - An arbitrary file overwrite vulnerability exists in Printing due improper path handlng. An attacker can exploit this to overwrite arbitrary files. (CVE-2020-3915) - Multiple unspecified issues exist in the Vim installation on macOS. An attacker can exploit this to cause an unknown impact. (CVE-2020-9769) - An unspecified vulnerability exists in sysdiagnose due to insufficient validation of user supplied input. An attacker could exploit this issue with partial impact on the confidentiality, integrity & availability of the application and/or system. (CVE-2020-9786) - An vulnerability exists in WebKit due to a logic flaw in restrictions. An attacker may exploit this flaw, as part of a more elaborate attack, to gain unauthorized access to the MacOS camera. (CVE-2020-9787) Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the operating system last seen 2020-05-31 modified 2020-03-27 plugin id 134954 published 2020-03-27 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/134954 title macOS 10.15.x < 10.15.4 / 10.14.x < 10.14.6 Security Update 2020-002 / 10.13.x < 10.13.6 Security Update 2020-002