Vulnerabilities > CVE-2019-6475 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity vulnerability in ISC Bind
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
NONE Integrity impact
HIGH Availability impact
NONE Summary
Mirror zones are a BIND feature allowing recursive servers to pre-cache zone data provided by other servers. A mirror zone is similar to a zone of type secondary, except that its data is subject to DNSSEC validation before being used in answers, as if it had been looked up via traditional recursion, and when mirror zone data cannot be validated, BIND falls back to using traditional recursion instead of the mirror zone. However, an error in the validity checks for the incoming zone data can allow an on-path attacker to replace zone data that was validated with a configured trust anchor with forged data of the attacker's choosing. The mirror zone feature is most often used to serve a local copy of the root zone. If an attacker was able to insert themselves into the network path between a recursive server using a mirror zone and a root name server, this vulnerability could then be used to cause the recursive server to accept a copy of falsified root zone data. This affects BIND versions 9.14.0 up to 9.14.6, and 9.15.0 up to 9.15.4.
Vulnerable Configurations
| Part | Description | Count |
|---|---|---|
| Application | 15 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking) An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website. An attacker gets the victim to visit his or her malicious page that contains a script tag whose source points to the vulnerable system with a URL that requests a response from the server containing a JSON object with possibly confidential information. The malicious page also contains malicious code to capture the JSON object returned by the server before any other processing on it can take place, typically by overriding the JavaScript function used to create new objects. This hook allows the malicious code to get access to the creation of each object and transmit the possibly sensitive contents of the captured JSON object to the attackers' server. There is nothing in the browser's security model to prevent the attackers' malicious JavaScript code (originating from attacker's domain) to set up an environment (as described above) to intercept a JSON object response (coming from the vulnerable target system's domain), read its contents and transmit to the attackers' controlled site. The same origin policy protects the domain object model (DOM), but not the JSON.
- Cache Poisoning An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
- DNS Cache Poisoning A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An attacker modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the attacker specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Attackers can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
- Cross-Site Scripting Using MIME Type Mismatch An attacker creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of the content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the attackers' script may run on the target unsanitized. For example, the MIME type text/plain may be used where the actual content is text/javascript or text/html. Since text does not contain scripting instructions, the stated MIME type would indicate that filtering is unnecessary. However, if the target application subsequently determines the file's real type and invokes the appropriate interpreter, scripted content could be invoked. In another example, img tags in HTML content could reference a renderable type file instead of an expected image file. The file extension and MIME type can describe an image file, but the file content can be text/javascript or text/html resulting in script execution. If the browser assumes all references in img tags are images, and therefore do not need to be filtered for scripts, this would bypass content filters. In a cross-site scripting attack, the attacker tricks the victim into accessing a URL that uploads a script file with an incorrectly specified MIME type. If the victim's browser switches to the appropriate interpreter without filtering, the attack will execute as a standard XSS attack, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.
- Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.
Nessus
NASL family DNS NASL id BIND9_9155.NASL description ISC BIND versions 9.14.6 / 9.15.4 and earlier are affected by multiple vulnerabilities. - A flaw in mirror zone validity checking. It can allow zone data to be spoofed. (CVE-2019-6475) - A defect in code added to support QNAME minimization can cause named to exit with an assertion failure if a forwarder returns a referral rather than resolving the query. (CVE-2019-6476) last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 130212 published 2019-10-25 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/130212 title ISC BIND 9.14.x < 9.14.7 / 9.15.x < 9.15.5 Multiple Vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(130212); script_version("1.2"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/31 15:18:51"); script_cve_id("CVE-2019-6475", "CVE-2019-6476"); script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2019-A-0397"); script_name(english:"ISC BIND 9.14.x < 9.14.7 / 9.15.x < 9.15.5 Multiple Vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks the version of ISC BIND."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote name server is affected by a vulnerability."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "ISC BIND versions 9.14.6 / 9.15.4 and earlier are affected by multiple vulnerabilities. - A flaw in mirror zone validity checking. It can allow zone data to be spoofed. (CVE-2019-6475) - A defect in code added to support QNAME minimization can cause named to exit with an assertion failure if a forwarder returns a referral rather than resolving the query. (CVE-2019-6476)"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2019-6475"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2019-6476"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00913"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00861"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Upgrade to ISC BIND version 9.14.7 / 9.15.5 or later."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-6475"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/10/16"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/10/16"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/10/25"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"potential_vulnerability", value:"true"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:isc:bind"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"I"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"DNS"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("bind_version.nasl"); script_require_keys("bind/version", "Settings/ParanoidReport"); exit(0); } include('vcf.inc'); include('vcf_extras.inc'); vcf::bind::initialize(); app_info = vcf::get_app_info(app:'BIND', port:53, kb_ver:'bind/version', service:TRUE, proto:'UDP'); if (report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_PARANOID); constraints = [ { 'min_version' : '9.14.0', 'max_version' : '9.14.6' }, { 'min_version' : '9.15.0', 'max_version' : '9.15.4' } ]; constraints = vcf::bind::filter_constraints(constraints:constraints, version:app_info.version); vcf::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);NASL family PhotonOS Local Security Checks NASL id PHOTONOS_PHSA-2020-2_0-0199_BINDUTILS.NASL description An update of the bindutils package has been released. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 132987 published 2020-01-16 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/132987 title Photon OS 2.0: Bindutils PHSA-2020-2.0-0199 code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from VMware Security Advisory PHSA-2020-2.0-0199. The text # itself is copyright (C) VMware, Inc. include('compat.inc'); if (description) { script_id(132987); script_version("1.3"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/18"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2019-6467", "CVE-2019-6468", "CVE-2019-6469", "CVE-2019-6471", "CVE-2019-6475", "CVE-2019-6476" ); script_bugtraq_id( 108070, 108071, 108517, 108854 ); script_name(english:"Photon OS 2.0: Bindutils PHSA-2020-2.0-0199"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote PhotonOS host is missing multiple security updates."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "An update of the bindutils package has been released."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://github.com/vmware/photon/wiki/Security-Updates-2-199.md"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Update the affected Linux packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-6475"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/10/09"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2020/01/05"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2020/01/16"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:vmware:photonos:bindutils"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:vmware:photonos:2.0"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"PhotonOS Local Security Checks"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/PhotonOS/release", "Host/PhotonOS/rpm-list"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("rpm.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); release = get_kb_item("Host/PhotonOS/release"); if (isnull(release) || release !~ "^VMware Photon") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "PhotonOS"); if (release !~ "^VMware Photon (?:Linux|OS) 2\.0(\D|$)") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "PhotonOS 2.0"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/PhotonOS/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu"); if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "aarch64" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "PhotonOS", cpu); flag = 0; if (rpm_exists(rpm:"bindutils-9.15", release:"PhotonOS-2.0") && rpm_check(release:"PhotonOS-2.0", cpu:"x86_64", reference:"bindutils-9.15.5-1.ph2")) flag++; if (rpm_exists(rpm:"bindutils-9.15", release:"PhotonOS-2.0") && rpm_check(release:"PhotonOS-2.0", cpu:"src", reference:"bindutils-9.15.5-1.ph2.src")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"PhotonOS-2.0", cpu:"x86_64", reference:"bindutils-debuginfo-9.15.5-1.ph2")) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : rpm_report_get() ); exit(0); } else { tested = pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "bindutils"); }