Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-4293 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apple products

047910
CVSS 5.3 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
LOW
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
NONE
network
low complexity
apple
CWE-20
nessus
NVD
Published: 2019-04-03
Updated: 2024-11-21

Summary

A cookie management issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 11.4.1, macOS High Sierra 10.13.6, tvOS 11.4.1, watchOS 4.3.2, iTunes 12.8 for Windows, iCloud for Windows 7.6.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
OS
Apple
404
OS
Microsoft
1
Application
Apple
246

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
  • Cross Zone Scripting
    An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
  • Cross Site Scripting through Log Files
    An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.

Nessus

  • NASL familyWindows
    NASL idITUNES_12_8.NASL
    descriptionThe version of Apple iTunes installed on the remote Windows host is prior to 12.8. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as referenced in the HT208933 advisory. Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111105
    published2018-07-16
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111105
    titleApple iTunes < 12.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities (credentialed check)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(111105);
  script_version("1.7");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/04");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-4261",
    "CVE-2018-4262",
    "CVE-2018-4263",
    "CVE-2018-4264",
    "CVE-2018-4265",
    "CVE-2018-4266",
    "CVE-2018-4267",
    "CVE-2018-4270",
    "CVE-2018-4271",
    "CVE-2018-4272",
    "CVE-2018-4273",
    "CVE-2018-4278",
    "CVE-2018-4284",
    "CVE-2018-4293"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(
    104844,
    542127,
    542130,
    542207
  );

  script_name(english:"Apple iTunes < 12.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities (credentialed check)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of iTunes on Windows.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"An application installed on the remote host is affected by
multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The version of Apple iTunes installed on the remote Windows host is
prior to 12.8. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities 
as referenced in the HT208933 advisory.

Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied
only on the application's self-reported version number.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-ie/HT208933");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Apple iTunes version 12.8 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4284");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/07/16");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apple:itunes");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("itunes_detect.nasl");
  script_require_keys("installed_sw/iTunes Version", "SMB/Registry/Enumerated");

  exit(0);
}

include("vcf.inc");

# Ensure this is Windows
get_kb_item_or_exit("SMB/Registry/Enumerated");

app_info = vcf::get_app_info(app:"iTunes Version", win_local:TRUE);

constraints = [{"fixed_version" : "12.8"}];

vcf::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);
  • NASL familyMisc.
    NASL idAPPLETV_11_4_1.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device is prior to 11.4.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as described in the HT208936 security advisory. Note that only 4th and 5th generation models are affected by these vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111110
    published2018-07-16
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111110
    titleApple TV < 11.4.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(111110);
  script_version("1.5");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/04");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-4248",
    "CVE-2018-4261",
    "CVE-2018-4262",
    "CVE-2018-4263",
    "CVE-2018-4264",
    "CVE-2018-4265",
    "CVE-2018-4266",
    "CVE-2018-4267",
    "CVE-2018-4270",
    "CVE-2018-4271",
    "CVE-2018-4272",
    "CVE-2018-4273",
    "CVE-2018-4277",
    "CVE-2018-4278",
    "CVE-2018-4280",
    "CVE-2018-4282",
    "CVE-2018-4284",
    "CVE-2018-4293"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(
    103957,
    103958,
    103961,
    104378
  );

  script_name(english:"Apple TV < 11.4.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the build number.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Apple TV device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"According to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device
is prior to 11.4.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
vulnerabilities as described in the HT208936 security advisory.

Note that only 4th and 5th generation models are affected by these
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208936");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00003.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?cf6d645c");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Apple TV version 11.4.1 or later. Note that this update is
only available for 4th and 5th generation models.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4284");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/07/16");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apple:apple_tv");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Misc.");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("appletv_version.nasl");
  script_require_keys("AppleTV/Version", "AppleTV/Model", "AppleTV/URL", "AppleTV/Port");
  script_require_ports("Services/www", 7000);

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("appletv_func.inc");

url = get_kb_item('AppleTV/URL');
if (empty_or_null(url)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV URL.');
port = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Port');
if (empty_or_null(port)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV port.');

build = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Version');
if (empty_or_null(build)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_DEVICE_VER, 'Apple TV');

model = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Model');
if (empty_or_null(model)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV model.');

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TvOS
# 4th gen model "5,3" and 5th gen model "6,2" share same build
fixed_build = "15M73";
tvos_ver = '11';

# determine gen from the model
gen = APPLETV_MODEL_GEN[model];

appletv_check_version(
  build          : build,
  fix            : fixed_build,
  affected_gen   : make_list(4, 5),
  fix_tvos_ver   : tvos_ver,
  model          : model,
  gen            : gen,
  port           : port,
  url            : url,
  severity       : SECURITY_WARNING
);
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOSX_SECUPD2018-004.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111136
    published2018-07-17
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111136
    titlemacOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2018-004)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(111136);
  script_version("1.8");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/06/19 15:17:43");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2017-0898",
    "CVE-2017-10784",
    "CVE-2017-14033",
    "CVE-2017-14064",
    "CVE-2017-17405",
    "CVE-2017-17742",
    "CVE-2018-3665",
    "CVE-2018-4178",
    "CVE-2018-4248",
    "CVE-2018-4259",
    "CVE-2018-4268",
    "CVE-2018-4269",
    "CVE-2018-4276",
    "CVE-2018-4277",
    "CVE-2018-4280",
    "CVE-2018-4283",
    "CVE-2018-4285",
    "CVE-2018-4286",
    "CVE-2018-4287",
    "CVE-2018-4288",
    "CVE-2018-4289",
    "CVE-2018-4291",
    "CVE-2018-4293",
    "CVE-2018-5383",
    "CVE-2018-6797",
    "CVE-2018-6913",
    "CVE-2018-6914",
    "CVE-2018-8777",
    "CVE-2018-8778",
    "CVE-2018-8779",
    "CVE-2018-8780"
  );
script_bugtraq_id(
    100853,
    100862,
    100868,
    100890,
    102204,
    103683,
    103684,
    103686,
    103693,
    103739,
    103767,
    103953,
    104460,
    104844,
    104879
  );
  script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2018-7-9-4");

  script_name(english:"macOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2018-004)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks for the presence of Security Update 2018-004.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote host is missing a macOS or Mac OS X security update that
fixes multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is
missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208937");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00005.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?981755ca");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Install Security Update 2018-004 or later for 10.11.x or
Security Update 2018-004 or later for 10.12.x.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4268");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/07/17");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/MacOSX/packages/boms");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");
include("lists.inc");

patch = "2018-004";
applicable_macos_versions = ['10.11.6', '10.12.6'];

# Compare 2 patch numbers to determine if patch requirements are satisfied.
# Return true if this patch or a later patch is applied
# Return false otherwise
function check_patch(year, number)
{
  local_var p_split = split(patch, sep:"-");
  local_var p_year  = int( p_split[0]);
  local_var p_num   = int( p_split[1]);

  if (year >  p_year) return TRUE;
  else if (year <  p_year) return FALSE;
  else if (number >=  p_num) return TRUE;
  else return FALSE;
}

get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/local_checks_enabled");
os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/Version");

matches = pregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os);
if (empty_or_null(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "').");
version = matches[1];
if (!collib::contains(item:version, list:applicable_macos_versions)) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);

packages = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/packages/boms", exit_code:1);
sec_boms_report = pgrep(
  pattern:"^com\.apple\.pkg\.update\.(security\.|os\.SecUpd).*bom$",
  string:packages
);
sec_boms = split(sec_boms_report, sep:'\n');

foreach package (sec_boms)
{
  # Grab patch year and number
  matches = pregmatch(pattern:"[^0-9](20[0-9][0-9])[-.]([0-9]{3})[^0-9]", string:package);
  if (empty_or_null(matches)) continue;
  if (empty_or_null(matches[1]) || empty_or_null(matches[2]))
    continue;

  patch_found = check_patch(year:int(matches[1]), number:int(matches[2]));
  if (patch_found) exit(0, "The host has Security Update " + patch + " or later installed and is therefore not affected.");
}

report =  '\n  Missing security update : ' + patch;
report += '\n  Installed security BOMs : ';
if (sec_boms_report) report += str_replace(find:'\n', replace:'\n                            ', string:sec_boms_report);
else report += 'n/a';
report += '\n';

security_report_v4(port:0, severity:SECURITY_HOLE, extra:report);
  • NASL familyPeer-To-Peer File Sharing
    NASL idITUNES_12_8_BANNER.NASL
    descriptionThe version of Apple iTunes installed on the remote Windows host is prior to 12.8. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities in WebKit as referenced in the HT208933 advisory. Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id117878
    published2018-10-02
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/117878
    titleApple iTunes < 12.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities (uncredentialed check)
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_10_13_6.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is 10.13.x prior to 10.13.6. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can result in arbitrary code execution.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111137
    published2018-07-17
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111137
    titlemacOS 10.13.x < 10.13.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities

References