Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-4198 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apple products

047910
CVSS 5.5 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
LOCAL
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
NONE
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
HIGH
local
low complexity
apple
CWE-20
nessus
NVD
Published: 2018-06-08
Updated: 2024-11-21

Summary

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 11.4 is affected. macOS before 10.13.5 is affected. tvOS before 11.4 is affected. watchOS before 4.3.1 is affected. The issue involves the "UIKit" component. It allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted text file.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
OS
Apple
336
Application
Apple
57

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
  • Cross Zone Scripting
    An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
  • Cross Site Scripting through Log Files
    An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.

Nessus

  • NASL familyMisc.
    NASL idAPPLETV_11_4.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device is prior to 11.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as described in the HT208850 security advisory. Note that only 4th and 5th generation models are affected by these vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id110325
    published2018-06-05
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/110325
    titleApple TV < 11.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(110325);
  script_version("1.6");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/04/05 23:25:06");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-4188",
    "CVE-2018-4190",
    "CVE-2018-4192",
    "CVE-2018-4198",
    "CVE-2018-4199",
    "CVE-2018-4200",
    "CVE-2018-4201",
    "CVE-2018-4204",
    "CVE-2018-4206",
    "CVE-2018-4211",
    "CVE-2018-4214",
    "CVE-2018-4218",
    "CVE-2018-4222",
    "CVE-2018-4223",
    "CVE-2018-4224",
    "CVE-2018-4232",
    "CVE-2018-4233",
    "CVE-2018-4235",
    "CVE-2018-4237",
    "CVE-2018-4240",
    "CVE-2018-4241",
    "CVE-2018-4243",
    "CVE-2018-4246",
    "CVE-2018-4249",
    "CVE-2018-5383"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(
    103957,
    103958,
    103961,
    104378
  );
  script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2018-6-01-6");

  script_name(english:"Apple TV < 11.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the build number.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Apple TV device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"According to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device
is prior to 11.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
vulnerabilities as described in the HT208850 security advisory.

Note that only 4th and 5th generation models are affected by these
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208850");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jun/msg00003.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?0e8b8fb7");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00011.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?b0bb7d4f");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Apple TV version 11.4 or later. Note that this update is
only available for 4th and 5th generation models.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:H/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:H/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4241");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploited_by_malware", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Mac OS X libxpc MITM Privilege Escalation');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/06/01");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/06/01");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/06/05");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apple:apple_tv");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Misc.");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("appletv_version.nasl");
  script_require_keys("AppleTV/Version", "AppleTV/Model", "AppleTV/URL", "AppleTV/Port");
  script_require_ports("Services/www", 7000);

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("appletv_func.inc");

url = get_kb_item('AppleTV/URL');
if (empty_or_null(url)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV URL.');
port = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Port');
if (empty_or_null(port)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV port.');

build = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Version');
if (empty_or_null(build)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_DEVICE_VER, 'Apple TV');

model = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Model');
if (empty_or_null(model)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV model.');

# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TvOS
# 4th gen model "5,3" and 5th gen model "6,2" share same build
fixed_build = "15L577";
tvos_ver = '11';

# determine gen from the model
gen = APPLETV_MODEL_GEN[model];

appletv_check_version(
  build          : build,
  fix            : fixed_build,
  affected_gen   : make_list(4, 5),
  fix_tvos_ver   : tvos_ver,
  model          : model,
  gen            : gen,
  port           : port,
  url            : url,
  severity       : SECURITY_HOLE
);
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_10_13_5.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is 10.13.x prior to 10.13.5. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can result in arbitrary code execution.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id110324
    published2018-06-05
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/110324
    titlemacOS 10.13.x < 10.13.5 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(110324);
  script_version("1.11");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/04");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-4141",
    "CVE-2018-4159",
    "CVE-2018-4180",
    "CVE-2018-4181",
    "CVE-2018-4182",
    "CVE-2018-4183",
    "CVE-2018-4184",
    "CVE-2018-4193",
    "CVE-2018-4194",
    "CVE-2018-4196",
    "CVE-2018-4198",
    "CVE-2018-4202",
    "CVE-2018-4211",
    "CVE-2018-4217",
    "CVE-2018-4219",
    "CVE-2018-4221",
    "CVE-2018-4223",
    "CVE-2018-4224",
    "CVE-2018-4225",
    "CVE-2018-4226",
    "CVE-2018-4227",
    "CVE-2018-4228",
    "CVE-2018-4229",
    "CVE-2018-4230",
    "CVE-2018-4234",
    "CVE-2018-4235",
    "CVE-2018-4236",
    "CVE-2018-4237",
    "CVE-2018-4240",
    "CVE-2018-4241",
    "CVE-2018-4242",
    "CVE-2018-4243",
    "CVE-2018-4249",
    "CVE-2018-4251",
    "CVE-2018-4253",
    "CVE-2018-4254",
    "CVE-2018-4255",
    "CVE-2018-4256",
    "CVE-2018-4257",
    "CVE-2018-4258",
    "CVE-2018-4404",
    "CVE-2018-4478",
    "CVE-2018-5383",
    "CVE-2018-7584"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(
    103204,
    104378,
    104879,
    104888,
    104889,
    104897,
    107135
  );
  script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2018-7-23-2");

  script_name(english:"macOS 10.13.x < 10.13.5 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Mac OS X / macOS.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote host is missing a macOS update that fixes multiple security
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is
10.13.x prior to 10.13.5. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
vulnerabilities.

Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can
result in arbitrary code execution.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208849");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00009.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?68a789b4");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to macOS version 10.13.5 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:H/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:H/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4258");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploited_by_malware", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Safari Proxy Object Type Confusion');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/06/01");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/06/01");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/06/05");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"combined");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl");
  script_require_ports("Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/OS");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");

os = get_kb_item("Host/MacOSX/Version");
if (!os)
{
  os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/OS");
  if ("Mac OS X" >!< os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");

  c = get_kb_item("Host/OS/Confidence");
  if (c <= 70) exit(1, "Can't determine the host's OS with sufficient confidence.");
}
if (!os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");

matches = pregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os);
if (empty_or_null(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "').");

version = matches[1];
fix = "10.13.5";

if (version !~"^10\.13($|[^0-9])")
  audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS 10.13.x");

if (ver_compare(ver:version, fix:fix, strict:FALSE) == -1)
{
  security_report_v4(
    port:0,
    severity:SECURITY_HOLE,
    extra:
      '\n  Installed version : ' + version +
      '\n  Fixed version     : ' + fix +
      '\n'
  );
}
else audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "macOS / Mac OS X", version);

References