Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-18688 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability in multiple products

047910
CVSS 5.0 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
NONE
network
low complexity
code-industry
foxitsoftware
gonitro
iskysoft
libreoffice
nuance
qoppa
soft-xpansion
CWE-347
nessus
NVD
Published: 2021-01-07
Updated: 2021-01-14

Summary

The Portable Document Format (PDF) specification does not provide any information regarding the concrete procedure of how to validate signatures. Consequently, an Incremental Saving vulnerability exists in multiple products. When an attacker uses the Incremental Saving feature to add pages or annotations, Body Updates are displayed to the user without any action by the signature-validation logic. This affects Foxit Reader before 9.4 and PhantomPDF before 8.3.9 and 9.x before 9.4. It also affects LibreOffice, Master PDF Editor, Nitro Pro, Nitro Reader, Nuance Power PDF Standard, PDF Editor 6 Pro, PDFelement6 Pro, PDF Studio Viewer 2018, PDF Studio Pro, Perfect PDF 10 Premium, and Perfect PDF Reader.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
Application
Code-Industry
3
Application
Foxitsoftware
15
Application
Gonitro
2
Application
Iskysoft
7
Application
Libreoffice
3
Application
Nuance
3
Application
Qoppa
3
Application
Soft-Xpansion
3
OS
Microsoft
1
OS
Linux
1
OS
Apple
1

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Padding Oracle Crypto Attack
    An attacker is able to efficiently decrypt data without knowing the decryption key if a target system leaks data on whether or not a padding error happened while decrypting the ciphertext. A target system that leaks this type of information becomes the padding oracle and an attacker is able to make use of that oracle to efficiently decrypt data without knowing the decryption key by issuing on average 128*b calls to the padding oracle (where b is the number of bytes in the ciphertext block). In addition to performing decryption, an attacker is also able to produce valid ciphertexts (i.e., perform encryption) by using the padding oracle, all without knowing the encryption key. Any cryptosystem can be vulnerable to padding oracle attacks if the encrypted messages are not authenticated to ensure their validity prior to decryption, and then the information about padding error is leaked to the attacker. This attack technique may be used, for instance, to break CAPTCHA systems or decrypt/modify state information stored in client side objects (e.g., hidden fields or cookies). This attack technique is a side-channel attack on the cryptosystem that uses a data leak from an improperly implemented decryption routine to completely subvert the cryptosystem. The one bit of information that tells the attacker whether a padding error during decryption has occurred, in whatever form it comes, is sufficient for the attacker to break the cryptosystem. That bit of information can come in a form of an explicit error message about a padding error, a returned blank page, or even the server taking longer to respond (a timing attack). This attack can be launched cross domain where an attacker is able to use cross-domain information leaks to get the bits of information from the padding oracle from a target system / service with which the victim is communicating. To do so an attacker sends a request containing ciphertext to the target system. Due to the browser's same origin policy, the attacker is not able to see the response directly, but can use cross-domain information leak techniques to still get the information needed (i.e., information on whether or not a padding error has occurred). For instance, this can be done using "img" tag plus the onerror()/onload() events. The attacker's JavaScript can make web browsers to load an image on the target site, and know if the image is loaded or not. This is 1-bit information needed for the padding oracle attack to work: if the image is loaded, then it is valid padding, otherwise it is not.

Nessus

  • NASL familyWindows
    NASL idFOXIT_PHANTOM_8_3_9.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its version, the Foxit PhantomPDF application (formally known as Phantom) installed on the remote Windows host is prior to 8.3.9. It is, therefore, affected by following vulnerabilities: - An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability exists when handling certain XFA element attributes. This occurs due to improper calculation of a null-terminated character and may cause an application crash. (CVE-2018-3956) - A signature validation bypass vulnerability exists which provides incorrect results when validating certain PDF documents. (CVE-2018-18688/CVE-2018-18689) - Flaws in how PDF files are processed/handled could lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can exploit this by convincing a user to open a specially crafted file in order to cause the execution of arbitrary code. (CVE-2019-6728,CVE-2019-6729) Additionally, the application was affected by multiple potential information disclosure, denial of service, and remote code execution vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id121246
    published2019-01-18
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/121246
    titleFoxit PhantomPDF < 8.3.9 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(121246);
  script_version("1.4");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/31 15:18:52");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-3956",
    "CVE-2018-18688",
    "CVE-2018-18689",
    "CVE-2019-5005",
    "CVE-2019-5006",
    "CVE-2019-5007",
    "CVE-2019-6727",
    "CVE-2019-6728",
    "CVE-2019-6729",
    "CVE-2019-6730",
    "CVE-2019-6731",
    "CVE-2019-6732",
    "CVE-2019-6733",
    "CVE-2019-6734",
    "CVE-2019-6735"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(106798, 107496, 107552);
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7347");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7452");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7601");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7353");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7423");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7368");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7369");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7453");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7576");
  script_xref(name:"ZDI", value:"ZDI-CAN-7355");

  script_name(english:"Foxit PhantomPDF < 8.3.9 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Foxit PhantomPDF.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"A PDF toolkit installed on the remote Windows host is affected by
multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"According to its version, the Foxit PhantomPDF application (formally
known as Phantom) installed on the remote Windows host is prior to
8.3.9. It is, therefore, affected by following vulnerabilities:

  - An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability exists
    when handling certain XFA element attributes.
    This occurs due to improper calculation of a
    null-terminated character and may cause an application crash.
    (CVE-2018-3956)

  - A signature validation bypass vulnerability exists
    which provides incorrect results when validating
    certain PDF documents.
    (CVE-2018-18688/CVE-2018-18689)

  - Flaws in how PDF files are processed/handled could
    lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can 
    exploit this by convincing a user to open a specially
    crafted file in order to cause the execution of arbitrary
    code. (CVE-2019-6728,CVE-2019-6729)

Additionally, the application was affected by multiple potential 
information disclosure, denial of service, and remote code execution
vulnerabilities.");
  # https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?2f244c3e");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Foxit PhantomPDF version 8.3.9 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-6729");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/01/15");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/01/15");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/01/18");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:foxitsoftware:phantom");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:foxitsoftware:phantompdf");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("foxit_phantom_installed.nasl");
  script_require_keys("installed_sw/FoxitPhantomPDF");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf.inc');

app = 'FoxitPhantomPDF';

app_info = vcf::get_app_info(app:app, win_local:TRUE);

constraints = [{
  'min_version' : '8.0',
  'max_version' : '8.3.8.39677',
  'fixed_version' : '8.3.9'
  }];

vcf::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);
  • NASL familyWindows
    NASL idFOXIT_READER_9_4.NASL
    descriptionThe version of Foxit Reader installed on the remote Windows host is prior to 9.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities: - An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability and crash when handling XFA element attributes. (CVE-2018-3956) - A signature validation bypass vulnerability which could lead to incorrect validation results. (CVE-2018-18688, CVE-2018-18689) - Flaws in how PDF files are processed/handled could lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can exploit this by convincing a user to open a specially crafted file in order to cause the execution of arbitrary code. (CVE-2019-6728,CVE-2019-6729) Additionally, the application was affected by multiple potential information disclosure, denial of service, and remote code execution vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id121046
    published2019-01-09
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/121046
    titleFoxit Reader < 9.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(121046);
  script_version("1.6");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/31 15:18:52");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-3956",
    "CVE-2018-18688",
    "CVE-2018-18689",
    "CVE-2019-5005",
    "CVE-2019-5006",
    "CVE-2019-5007",
    "CVE-2019-6727",
    "CVE-2019-6728",
    "CVE-2019-6729",
    "CVE-2019-6730",
    "CVE-2019-6731",
    "CVE-2019-6732",
    "CVE-2019-6733",
    "CVE-2019-6734",
    "CVE-2019-6735"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(106798, 107496, 107552);

  script_name(english:"Foxit Reader < 9.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Foxit Reader.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"A PDF viewer installed on the remote Windows host is affected by
multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The version of Foxit Reader installed on the remote Windows host is
prior to 9.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities:

  - An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability and crash
    when handling XFA element attributes. (CVE-2018-3956)

  - A signature validation bypass vulnerability which
    could lead to incorrect validation results.
    (CVE-2018-18688, CVE-2018-18689)

  - Flaws in how PDF files are processed/handled could
    lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can 
    exploit this by convincing a user to open a specially
    crafted file in order to cause the execution of arbitrary
    code. (CVE-2019-6728,CVE-2019-6729)

Additionally, the application was affected by multiple potential 
information disclosure, denial of service, and remote code execution
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Foxit PhantomPDF version 9.4 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-6729");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/01/03");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/01/03");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/01/09");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:foxitsoftware:foxit_reader");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("foxit_reader_installed.nasl");
  script_require_keys("installed_sw/Foxit Reader");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf.inc');

app = 'Foxit Reader';

app_info = vcf::get_app_info(app:app, win_local:TRUE);

constraints = [{
  'min_version' : '9.0',
  'max_version' : '9.3.0.10826',
  'fixed_version' : '9.4'
  }];
  
vcf::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);
  • NASL familyWindows
    NASL idFOXIT_PHANTOM_9_4.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its version, the Foxit PhantomPDF application (formally known as Phantom) installed on the remote Windows host is prior to 9.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities: - An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability and crash when handling XFA element attributes. (CVE-2018-3956) - A signature validation bypass vulnerability which could lead to incorrect validation results. (CVE-2018-18688, CVE-2018-18689) - Flaws in how PDF files are processed/handled could lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can exploit this by convincing a user to open a specially crafted file in order to cause the execution of arbitrary code. (CVE-2019-6728,CVE-2019-6729) Additionally, the application was affected by multiple potential information disclosure, denial of service, and remote code execution vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id121045
    published2019-01-09
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/121045
    titleFoxit PhantomPDF < 9.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(121045);
  script_version("1.6");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/31 15:18:52");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-3956",
    "CVE-2018-18688",
    "CVE-2018-18689",
    "CVE-2019-5005",
    "CVE-2019-5006",
    "CVE-2019-5007",
    "CVE-2019-6727",
    "CVE-2019-6728",
    "CVE-2019-6729",
    "CVE-2019-6730",
    "CVE-2019-6731",
    "CVE-2019-6732",
    "CVE-2019-6733",
    "CVE-2019-6734",
    "CVE-2019-6735"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(106798, 107496, 107552);

  script_name(english:"Foxit PhantomPDF < 9.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Foxit PhantomPDF.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"A PDF toolkit installed on the remote Windows host is affected by
a multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"According to its version, the Foxit PhantomPDF application (formally
known as Phantom) installed on the remote Windows host is prior to
9.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities:

  - An out-of-bounds read/write vulnerability and crash
    when handling XFA element attributes. (CVE-2018-3956)

  - A signature validation bypass vulnerability which
    could lead to incorrect validation results.
    (CVE-2018-18688, CVE-2018-18689)

  - Flaws in how PDF files are processed/handled could
    lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can 
    exploit this by convincing a user to open a specially
    crafted file in order to cause the execution of arbitrary
    code. (CVE-2019-6728,CVE-2019-6729)

Additionally, the application was affected by multiple potential 
information disclosure, denial of service, and remote code execution
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to Foxit PhantomPDF version 9.4 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-6729");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/01/03");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/01/03");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/01/09");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:foxitsoftware:phantom");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:foxitsoftware:phantompdf");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("foxit_phantom_installed.nasl");
  script_require_keys("installed_sw/FoxitPhantomPDF");

  exit(0);
}

include('vcf.inc');

app = 'FoxitPhantomPDF';

app_info = vcf::get_app_info(app:app, win_local:TRUE);

constraints = [{
  'min_version' : '9.0',
  'max_version' : '9.3.0.10826',
  'fixed_version' : '9.4'
  }];

vcf::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_WARNING);

References