Vulnerabilities > CVE-2015-2460 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Microsoft .Net Framework
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
MEDIUM Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
COMPLETE Integrity impact
COMPLETE Availability impact
COMPLETE Summary
ATMFD.DLL in the Windows Adobe Type Manager Library in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT Gold and 8.1, and .NET Framework 3.0 SP2, 3.5, 3.5.1, 4, 4.5, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, and 4.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted OpenType font, aka "OpenType Font Parsing Vulnerability."
Vulnerable Configurations
| Part | Description | Count |
|---|---|---|
| Application | 8 | |
| OS | 9 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
- Server Side Include (SSI) Injection An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
- Cross Zone Scripting An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
- Cross Site Scripting through Log Files An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
- Command Line Execution through SQL Injection An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.
Exploit-Db
| description | Windows ATMFD.DLL CFF table (ATMFD+0x3440b / ATMFD+0x3440e) Invalid Memory Access. CVE-2015-2460. Dos exploit for windows platform |
| file | exploits/windows/dos/37921.txt |
| id | EDB-ID:37921 |
| last seen | 2016-02-04 |
| modified | 2015-08-21 |
| platform | windows |
| port | |
| published | 2015-08-21 |
| reporter | Google Security Research |
| source | https://www.exploit-db.com/download/37921/ |
| title | Windows ATMFD.DLL CFF table ATMFD+0x3440b / ATMFD+0x3440e Invalid Memory Access |
| type | dos |
Msbulletin
| bulletin_id | MS15-080 |
| bulletin_url | |
| date | 2015-08-11T00:00:00 |
| impact | Remote Code Execution |
| knowledgebase_id | 3078662 |
| knowledgebase_url | |
| severity | Critical |
| title | Vulnerabilities in Microsoft Graphics Component Could Allow Remote Code Execution |
Nessus
| NASL family | Windows : Microsoft Bulletins |
| NASL id | SMB_NT_MS15-080.NASL |
| description | The remote Windows host is affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - Multiple remote code execution vulnerabilities exist due to the Windows Adobe Type Manager Library not properly handling specially crafted OpenType fonts. An attacker can exploit these, by using a crafted document or web page with embedded OpenType fonts, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. (CVE-2015-2432, CVE-2015-2458, CVE-2015-2459, CVE-2015-2460, CVE-2015-2461, CVE-2015-2462) - Multiple remote code execution vulnerabilities exist in various components of Windows, .NET Framework, Office, Lync, and Silverlight due to a failure to properly handle TrueType fonts. An attacker can exploit these, by using a crafted document or web page with embedded TrueType fonts, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. (CVE-2015-2435, CVE-2015-2455, CVE-2015-2456 CVE-2015-2463, CVE-2015-2464) - A remote code execution vulnerability exists due to Microsoft Office not properly handling Office Graphics Library (OGL) fonts. An attacker can exploit this, by using a crafted document or web page with embedded OGL fonts, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the user. (CVE-2015-2431) - A security feature bypass vulnerability exists due to a failure by the Windows kernel to properly initialize a memory address. An attacker, using a specially crafted application, can exploit this issue to bypass Kernel Address Space Layout Randomization (KASLR) and retrieve the base address of the kernel driver. (CVE-2015-2433) - An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists due to a flaw in the Windows Client/Server Run-time Subsystem (CSRSS) when terminating a process when a user logs off. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to run code that monitors the actions of users who log on to the system, allowing the disclosure of sensitive information which could be used to elevate privileges or execute code. (CVE-2015-2453) - A security feature bypass vulnerability exists due to the Windows kernel-mode driver not properly validating and enforcing impersonation levels. An attacker can exploit this to gain elevated privileges on a targeted system. (CVE-2015-2454) - A security feature bypass vulnerability exists due to the Windows shell not properly validating and enforcing impersonation levels. An attacker can exploit this to bypass impersonation-level security and gain elevated privileges on a targeted system. (CVE-2015-2465) |
| last seen | 2020-06-01 |
| modified | 2020-06-02 |
| plugin id | 85348 |
| published | 2015-08-12 |
| reporter | This script is Copyright (C) 2015-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. |
| source | https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/85348 |
| title | MS15-080 : Vulnerabilities in Microsoft Graphics Component Could Allow Remote Code Execution (3078662) |
| code | |
Seebug
| bulletinFamily | exploit |
| description | <p>CVE-2015-2460<br></p><p>We have encountered a number of Windows kernel crashes in the ATMFD.DLL OpenType driver while processing corrupted OTF font files, such as:</p><p> </p><p>---</p><p>PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA (50)</p><p>Invalid system memory was referenced. This cannot be protected by try-except,</p><p>it must be protected by a Probe. Typically the address is just plain bad or it</p><p>is pointing at freed memory.</p><p>Arguments:</p><p>Arg1: fff82008, memory referenced.</p><p>Arg2: 00000000, value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation.</p><p>Arg3: 91a3440b, If non-zero, the instruction address which referenced the bad memory</p><p> address.</p><p>Arg4: 00000000, (reserved)</p><p> </p><p>Debugging Details:</p><p>------------------</p><p> </p><p>*** ERROR: Module load completed but symbols could not be loaded for ATMFD.DLL</p><p> </p><p>READ_ADDRESS: fff82008 </p><p> </p><p>FAULTING_IP: </p><p>ATMFD+3440b</p><p>91a3440b 8b7e08 mov edi,dword ptr [esi+8]</p><p> </p><p>MM_INTERNAL_CODE: 0</p><p> </p><p>IMAGE_NAME: ATMFD.DLL</p><p> </p><p>DEBUG_FLR_IMAGE_TIMESTAMP: 54e6a55a</p><p> </p><p>MODULE_NAME: ATMFD</p><p> </p><p>FAULTING_MODULE: 91a00000 ATMFD</p><p> </p><p>DEFAULT_BUCKET_ID: WIN7_DRIVER_FAULT</p><p> </p><p>BUGCHECK_STR: 0x50</p><p> </p><p>PROCESS_NAME: csrss.exe</p><p> </p><p>CURRENT_IRQL: 2</p><p> </p><p>ANALYSIS_VERSION: 6.3.9600.17237 (debuggers(dbg).140716-0327) x86fre</p><p> </p><p>TRAP_FRAME: 97ff8d54 -- (.trap 0xffffffff97ff8d54)</p><p>ErrCode = 00000000</p><p>eax=ff677018 ebx=00000001 ecx=00000001 edx=0000000b esi=fff82000 edi=fb63e940</p><p>eip=91a3440b esp=97ff8dc8 ebp=97ff8de8 iopl=0 nv up ei ng nz na pe nc</p><p>cs=0008 ss=0010 ds=0023 es=0023 fs=0030 gs=0000 efl=00010286</p><p>ATMFD+0x3440b:</p><p>91a3440b 8b7e08 mov edi,dword ptr [esi+8] ds:0023:fff82008=jQuery21405247601568698883_1441098789680??????</p><p>Resetting default scope</p><p> </p><p>LAST_CONTROL_TRANSFER: from 82724ce7 to 826c02d8</p><p> </p><p>STACK_TEXT: </p><p>97ff88a4 82724ce7 00000003 4b979438 00000065 nt!RtlpBreakWithStatusInstruction</p><p>97ff88f4 827257e5 00000003 00000000 00000000 nt!KiBugCheckDebugBreak+0x1c</p><p>97ff8cb8 826d3391 00000050 fff82008 00000000 nt!KeBugCheck2+0x68b</p><p>97ff8d3c 82685c48 00000000 fff82008 00000000 nt!MmAccessFault+0x104</p><p>97ff8d3c 91a3440b 00000000 fff82008 00000000 nt!KiTrap0E+0xdc</p><p>WARNING: Stack unwind information not available. Following frames may be wrong.</p><p>97ff8de8 91a345f7 fb6ba380 0000000b fb6ba3ac ATMFD+0x3440b</p><p>97ff8e10 91a29eec fb63e8c0 ff6770d8 91a463ec ATMFD+0x345f7</p><p>97ff8e34 91a2e987 fb8f4c70 91a463ec 00000f5c ATMFD+0x29eec</p><p>97ff9544 91a2f6e0 fb8f4c70 91a3f028 97ff9790 ATMFD+0x2e987</p><p>97ff9600 91a227ae fb8f4c70 91a3f028 97ff9790 ATMFD+0x2f6e0</p><p>97ff96ec 91a22858 fb8f4c70 97ff9790 97ff9814 ATMFD+0x227ae</p><p>97ff9718 91a132b2 fb8f4c70 91a3f028 97ff9790 ATMFD+0x22858</p><p>97ff987c 91a13689 ffffffff 97ff999c fb68af58 ATMFD+0x132b2</p><p>97ff98d0 91a0406d ffffffff 97ff999c 00000000 ATMFD+0x13689</p><p>97ff9924 91b2dcf2 ff7a5010 fb700cf0 00000001 ATMFD+0x406d</p><p>97ff996c 91b167cb ff7a5010 fb700cf0 00000001 win32k!PDEVOBJ::QueryFontData+0x3e</p><p>97ff99e0 91b41513 ffa6a130 fb93cb14 000000e0 win32k!xInsertMetricsRFONTOBJ+0x9c</p><p>97ff9a14 91b435f5 00000020 97ff9a3c 97ff9c74 win32k!RFONTOBJ::bGetGlyphMetrics+0x131</p><p>97ff9cb8 91b56684 020101c3 00000100 00000020 win32k!GreGetCharABCWidthsW+0x147</p><p>97ff9d14 82682a66 020101c3 000000c0 00000040 win32k!NtGdiGetCharABCWidthsW+0xf8</p><p>97ff9d14 76ee70f4 020101c3 000000c0 00000040 nt!KiSystemServicePostCall</p><p>002cf224 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ntdll!KiFastSystemCallRet</p><p>---</p><p> </p><p>The crash represents a read from invalid memory; prior to being dereferenced as an address, the ESI register is loaded with a value from EAX+0x30 (on 32-bit Windows), which points into an "Adbe" pool allocation:</p><p> </p><p>---</p><p>0: kd> !pool 9d619018</p><p>Pool page 9d619018 region is Paged session pool</p><p>9d619000 is not a valid large pool allocation, checking large session pool...</p><p>*9d619000 : large page allocation, Tag is Adbe, size is 0x4018 bytes</p><p> Pooltag Adbe : Adobe's font driver</p><p>---</p><p> </p><p>The surrounding code is a loop over a linked list of structures; the ESI register at the time of the crash holds a [F/B]link address which points to unmapped memory, potentially suggesting that the root cause of the crash is a use-after-free condition, or some kind of corruption of the linked list. Since the invalid address is later used to manipulate memory, we expect that this issue could be used to achieve remote code execution in the security context of the Windows kernel.</p><p> </p><p>Moreover, we have also encountered similar crashes one instruction further in the code - in these cases, ESI turned out to accidentally point to mapped memory, but its contents did not correspond to the ATMFD's expectations (reinforcing the use-after-free hypothesis), thus resulting in an attempt to dereference a completely wild memory address, e.g.:</p><p> </p><p>---</p><p>PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA (50)</p><p>Invalid system memory was referenced. This cannot be protected by try-except,</p><p>it must be protected by a Probe. Typically the address is just plain bad or it</p><p>is pointing at freed memory.</p><p>Arguments:</p><p>Arg1: eebd8451, memory referenced.</p><p>Arg2: 00000000, value 0 = read operation, 1 = write operation.</p><p>Arg3: 9205440e, If non-zero, the instruction address which referenced the bad memory</p><p> address.</p><p>Arg4: 00000002, (reserved)</p><p>---</p><p> </p><p>The issue reproduces on Windows 7 and 8.1. It is easiest to reproduce with Special Pools enabled for ATMFD.DLL (leading to an immediate crash when the bug is triggered), but it should also be possible to observe a crash on a default Windows installation in ATMFD.DLL.</p><p> </p><p>Note that this crash is very similar in its nature to Issue 383 (invalid memory access while traversing a linked list of "Adbe" structures); however, due to uncertainty about the reason of the crash and the different stack traces, I am filing this as a separate report for now.</p><p> </p><p>Attached is an archive with six proof of concept font files (three for each crash location) together with corresponding kernel crash logs.</p><p> </p> |
| id | SSV:89475 |
| last seen | 2017-11-19 |
| modified | 2015-09-18 |
| published | 2015-09-18 |
| reporter | Anonymous |
| title | Windows ATMFD.DLL CFF table (ATMFD+0x3440b / ATMFD+0x3440e) Invalid Memory Access |