Vulnerabilities > CVE-2019-8513 - OS Command Injection vulnerability in Apple mac OS X

047910
CVSS 7.8 - HIGH
Attack vector
LOCAL
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
LOW
Confidentiality impact
HIGH
Integrity impact
HIGH
Availability impact
HIGH
local
low complexity
apple
CWE-78
nessus
exploit available
metasploit
NVD
Published: 2019-12-18
Updated: 2024-11-21

Summary

This issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in macOS Mojave 10.14.4. A local user may be able to execute arbitrary shell commands.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
OS
Apple
158

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.
  • Command Delimiters
    An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or a blacklist input validation, as opposed to whitelist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or blacklist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
  • Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
    An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
  • Argument Injection
    An attacker changes the behavior or state of a targeted application through injecting data or command syntax through the targets use of non-validated and non-filtered arguments of exposed services or methods.
  • OS Command Injection
    In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.

Exploit-Db

idEDB-ID:47070
last seen2019-07-02
modified2019-07-02
published2019-07-02
reporterExploit-DB
sourcehttps://www.exploit-db.com/download/47070
titleMac OS X TimeMachine - 'tmdiagnose' Command Injection Privilege Escalation (Metasploit)

Metasploit

descriptionThis module exploits a command injection in TimeMachine on macOS <= 10.14.3 in order to run a payload as root. The tmdiagnose binary on OSX <= 10.14.3 suffers from a command injection vulnerability that can be exploited by creating a specially crafted disk label. The tmdiagnose binary uses awk to list every mounted volume, and composes shell commands based on the volume labels. By creating a volume label with the backtick character, we can have our own binary executed with root priviledges.
idMSF:EXPLOIT/OSX/LOCAL/TIMEMACHINE_CMD_INJECTION
last seen2020-06-12
modified2019-04-26
published2019-04-14
references
reporterRapid7
sourcehttps://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master//modules/exploits/osx/local/timemachine_cmd_injection.rb
titleMac OS X TimeMachine (tmdiagnose) Command Injection Privilege Escalation

Nessus

  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_10_14_4.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is 10.14.x prior to 10.14.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities, including: - Mounting a maliciously crafted NFS network share may lead to arbitrary code execution with system privileges. (CVE-2019-8508) - An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. (CVE-2019-8529) - A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with system privileges (CVE-2019-8549)
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id123128
    published2019-03-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/123128
    titlemacOS 10.14.x < 10.14.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(123128);
  script_version("1.7");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/31");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-12015",
    "CVE-2018-18311",
    "CVE-2018-18313",
    "CVE-2019-6207",
    "CVE-2019-6237",
    "CVE-2019-6239",
    "CVE-2019-7293",
    "CVE-2019-8502",
    "CVE-2019-8504",
    "CVE-2019-8507",
    "CVE-2019-8508",
    "CVE-2019-8510",
    "CVE-2019-8511",
    "CVE-2019-8513",
    "CVE-2019-8514",
    "CVE-2019-8516",
    "CVE-2019-8517",
    "CVE-2019-8519",
    "CVE-2019-8520",
    "CVE-2019-8521",
    "CVE-2019-8522",
    "CVE-2019-8526",
    "CVE-2019-8527",
    "CVE-2019-8529",
    "CVE-2019-8530",
    "CVE-2019-8533",
    "CVE-2019-8537",
    "CVE-2019-8540",
    "CVE-2019-8542",
    "CVE-2019-8545",
    "CVE-2019-8546",
    "CVE-2019-8549",
    "CVE-2019-8550",
    "CVE-2019-8552",
    "CVE-2019-8555",
    "CVE-2019-8561",
    "CVE-2019-8565"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(104423, 106072, 106145);
  script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2019-3-25-2");

  script_name(english:"macOS 10.14.x < 10.14.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Mac OS X / macOS.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote host is missing a macOS update that fixes multiple security
vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is
10.14.x prior to 10.14.4. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
vulnerabilities, including:

  - Mounting a maliciously crafted NFS network share may lead to
    arbitrary code execution with system privileges. (CVE-2019-8508)

  - An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel
    privileges. (CVE-2019-8529)

  - A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code
    with system privileges (CVE-2019-8549)");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT209600");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2019/Mar/msg00001.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?71533e9d");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Upgrade to macOS version 10.14.4 or later.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-8527");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Mac OS X Feedback Assistant Race Condition');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/03/25");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/03/25");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/03/27");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"combined");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl");
  script_require_ports("Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/OS");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");


fix = "10.14.4";
minver = "10.14";

os = get_kb_item("Host/MacOSX/Version");
if (!os)
{
  os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/OS");
  if ("Mac OS X" >!< os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");

  c = get_kb_item("Host/OS/Confidence");
  if (c <= 70) exit(1, "Can't determine the host's OS with sufficient confidence.");
}
if (!os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");

matches = pregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os);
if (empty_or_null(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "').");

version = matches[1];

if (ver_compare(ver:version, minver:minver, fix:fix, strict:FALSE) == -1)
{
  security_report_v4(
    port:0,
    severity:SECURITY_HOLE,
    extra:
      '\n  Installed version : ' + version +
      '\n  Fixed version     : ' + fix +
      '\n'
  );
}
else audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "macOS / Mac OS X", version);
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_SECUPD_10_13_6_2019-002.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running macOS 10.13.6 and is missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities including: - An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. (CVE-2019-8529) - A local user may be able to read kernel memory. (CVE-2019-8504) - A malicious application may be able to determine kernel memory layout. (CVE-2019-6207, CVE-2019-8510) - 802.1X - DiskArbitration - Feedback Assistant - IOKit - IOKit SCSI - Kernel - PackageKit - Perl - Security - Time Machine - Wi-Fi
    last seen2020-03-18
    modified2019-03-27
    plugin id123130
    published2019-03-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/123130
    titlemacOS 10.13.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2019-002)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(123130);
  script_version("1.9");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/03/13");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-12015",
    "CVE-2018-18311",
    "CVE-2018-18313",
    "CVE-2019-6207",
    "CVE-2019-8504",
    "CVE-2019-8510",
    "CVE-2019-8513",
    "CVE-2019-8520",
    "CVE-2019-8521",
    "CVE-2019-8522",
    "CVE-2019-8526",
    "CVE-2019-8527",
    "CVE-2019-8529",
    "CVE-2019-8555",
    "CVE-2019-8561",
    "CVE-2019-8564"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(104423, 106072, 106145);
  script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2019-3-25-2");

  script_name(english:"macOS 10.13.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2019-002)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks for the presence of Security Update 2019-002 (APPLE-SA-2019-3-25-2)");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote host is missing a macOS security update that fixes
multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote host is running macOS 10.13.6 and is missing a security
update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities
including:

  - An application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel
    privileges. (CVE-2019-8529)

  - A local user may be able to read kernel memory. (CVE-2019-8504)

  - A malicious application may be able to determine kernel memory
    layout. (CVE-2019-6207, CVE-2019-8510)

  - 802.1X
  - DiskArbitration
  - Feedback Assistant
  - IOKit
  - IOKit SCSI
  - Kernel
  - PackageKit
  - Perl
  - Security
  - Time Machine
  - Wi-Fi");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT209600");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT209635");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2019/Mar/msg00001.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?71533e9d");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Install Security Update 2019-002 or later for 10.13.6.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-8527");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Mac OS X TimeMachine (tmdiagnose) Command Injection Privilege Escalation');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/03/25");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/03/25");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/03/27");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/MacOSX/packages/boms");

  exit(0);
}

include('lists.inc');
include('vcf.inc');
include('vcf_extras_apple.inc');

app_info = vcf::apple::macos::get_app_info();

constraints = [
  { 'min_version' : '10.13', 'max_version' : '10.13.6', 'fixed_build': '17G6029', 'fixed_display' : '10.13.6 Security Update 2019-002' }
];
vcf::apple::macos::check_version_and_report(app_info:app_info, constraints:constraints, severity:SECURITY_HOLE);
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_SECUPD_10_12_6_2019-002.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities including: - A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code with kernel privileges. (CVE-2019-8555) - A malicious application may be able to determine kernel memory layout. (CVE-2019-6207, CVE-2019-8510) - A malicious application may be able to read restricted memory. (CVE-2019-8520) - 802.1X - DiskArbitration - Feedback Assistant - IOKit - IOKit SCSI - Kernel - PackageKit - Perl - Security - Time Machine - Wi-Fi
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id123129
    published2019-03-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/123129
    titlemacOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2019-002)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(123129);
  script_version("1.8");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/31");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2018-12015",
    "CVE-2018-18311",
    "CVE-2018-18313",
    "CVE-2019-6207",
    "CVE-2019-8508",
    "CVE-2019-8510",
    "CVE-2019-8513",
    "CVE-2019-8520",
    "CVE-2019-8521",
    "CVE-2019-8522",
    "CVE-2019-8526",
    "CVE-2019-8527",
    "CVE-2019-8530",
    "CVE-2019-8540",
    "CVE-2019-8555",
    "CVE-2019-8561",
    "CVE-2019-8564"
  );
  script_bugtraq_id(104423, 106072, 106145);
  script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2019-3-25-2");

  script_name(english:"macOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2019-002)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks for the presence of Security Update 2019-002.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote host is missing a macOS or Mac OS X security update that
fixes multiple vulnerabilities.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is missing a security
update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities
including:

  - A malicious application may be able to execute arbitrary code
    with kernel privileges. (CVE-2019-8555)

  - A malicious application may be able to determine kernel memory
    layout. (CVE-2019-6207, CVE-2019-8510)

  - A malicious application may be able to read restricted memory.
    (CVE-2019-8520)

  - 802.1X
  - DiskArbitration
  - Feedback Assistant
  - IOKit
  - IOKit SCSI
  - Kernel
  - PackageKit
  - Perl
  - Security
  - Time Machine
  - Wi-Fi");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT209600");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT209635");
  # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2019/Mar/msg00001.html
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?71533e9d");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Install Security Update 2019-002 or later for 10.12.x.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-8527");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"metasploit_name", value:'Mac OS X TimeMachine (tmdiagnose) Command Injection Privilege Escalation');
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_metasploit", value:"true");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/03/25");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/03/25");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/03/27");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/MacOSX/packages/boms");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");

# Compare 2 patch numbers to determine if patch requirements are satisfied.
# Return true if this patch or a later patch is applied
# Return false otherwise
function check_patch(year, number)
{
  local_var p_split = split(patch, sep:"-");
  local_var p_year  = int( p_split[0]);
  local_var p_num   = int( p_split[1]);

  if (year >  p_year) return TRUE;
  else if (year <  p_year) return FALSE;
  else if (number >=  p_num) return TRUE;
  else return FALSE;
}

get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/local_checks_enabled");
os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/Version");

if (!preg(pattern:"Mac OS X 10\.12\.6([^0-9]|$)", string:os))
  audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Mac OS X 10.12.6");

patch = "2019-002";

packages = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/packages/boms", exit_code:1);
sec_boms_report = pgrep(
  pattern:"^com\.apple\.pkg\.update\.(security\.|os\.SecUpd).*bom$",
  string:packages
);
sec_boms = split(sec_boms_report, sep:'\n');

foreach package (sec_boms)
{
  # Grab patch year and number
  matches = pregmatch(pattern:"[^0-9](20[0-9][0-9])[-.]([0-9]{3})[^0-9]", string:package);
  if (empty_or_null(matches)) continue;
  if (empty_or_null(matches[1]) || empty_or_null(matches[2]))
    continue;

  patch_found = check_patch(year:int(matches[1]), number:int(matches[2]));
  if (patch_found) exit(0, "The host has Security Update " + patch + " or later installed and is therefore not affected.");
}

report =  '\n  Missing security update : ' + patch;
report += '\n  Installed security BOMs : ';
if (sec_boms_report) report += str_replace(find:'\n', replace:'\n                            ', string:sec_boms_report);
else report += 'n/a';
report += '\n';

security_report_v4(port:0, severity:SECURITY_HOLE, extra:report);

Packetstorm

data sourcehttps://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/153488/timemachine_cmd_injection.rb.txt
idPACKETSTORM:153488
last seen2019-07-03
published2019-07-01
reportertimwr
sourcehttps://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153488/Mac-OS-X-TimeMachine-tmdiagnose-Command-Injection-Privilege-Escalation.html
titleMac OS X TimeMachine (tmdiagnose) Command Injection Privilege Escalation

References