Vulnerabilities > CVE-2019-12466 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in multiple products

047910
CVSS 6.8 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
MEDIUM
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL
Integrity impact
PARTIAL
Availability impact
PARTIAL
network
mediawiki
debian
CWE-352
nessus
NVD
Published: 2019-07-10
Updated: 2019-07-11

Summary

Wikimedia MediaWiki through 1.32.1 allows CSRF.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
Application
Mediawiki
348
OS
Debian
1

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
    An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website. An attacker gets the victim to visit his or her malicious page that contains a script tag whose source points to the vulnerable system with a URL that requests a response from the server containing a JSON object with possibly confidential information. The malicious page also contains malicious code to capture the JSON object returned by the server before any other processing on it can take place, typically by overriding the JavaScript function used to create new objects. This hook allows the malicious code to get access to the creation of each object and transmit the possibly sensitive contents of the captured JSON object to the attackers' server. There is nothing in the browser's security model to prevent the attackers' malicious JavaScript code (originating from attacker's domain) to set up an environment (as described above) to intercept a JSON object response (coming from the vulnerable target system's domain), read its contents and transmit to the attackers' controlled site. The same origin policy protects the domain object model (DOM), but not the JSON.
  • Cross-Domain Search Timing
    An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain. For GET requests an attacker could for instance leverage the "img" tag in conjunction with "onload() / onerror()" javascript events. For the POST requests, an attacker could leverage the "iframe" element and leverage the "onload()" event. There is nothing in the current browser security model that prevents an attacker to use these methods to time responses to the attackers' cross domain requests. The timing for these responses leaks information. For instance, if a victim has an active session with their online e-mail account, an attacker could issue search requests in the victim's mailbox. While the attacker is not able to view the responses, based on the timings of the responses, the attacker could ask yes / no questions as to the content of victim's e-mails, who the victim e-mailed, when, etc. This is but one example; There are other scenarios where an attacker could infer potentially sensitive information from cross domain requests by timing the responses while asking the right questions that leak information.
  • Cross Site Identification
    An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep his or her session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing). In one example of an attack, an attacker may post a malicious posting that contains an image with an embedded link. The link actually requests identifying information from the social networking site. A victim who views the malicious posting in his or her browser will have sent identifying information to the attacker, as long as the victim had an active session with the social networking site. There are many other ways in which the attacker may get the payload to execute in the victim's browser mainly by finding a way to hide it in some reputable site that the victim visits. The attacker could also send the link to the victim in an e-mail and trick the victim into clicking on the link. This attack is basically a cross site request forgery attack with two main differences. First, there is no action that is performed on behalf of the user aside from harvesting information. So standard CSRF protection may not work in this situation. Second, what is important in this attack pattern is the nature of the data being harvested, which is identifying information that can be obtained and used in context. This real time harvesting of identifying information can be used as a prelude for launching real time targeted social engineering attacks on the victim.
  • Cross Site Request Forgery (aka Session Riding)
    An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

Nessus

  • NASL familyFreeBSD Local Security Checks
    NASL idFREEBSD_PKG_3C5A4FE09EBB11E99169FCAA147E860E.NASL
    descriptionMediaWiki reports : Security fixes : T197279, CVE-2019-12468: Directly POSTing to Special:ChangeEmail would allow for bypassing reauthentication, allowing for potential account takeover. T204729, CVE-2019-12473: Passing invalid titles to the API could cause a DoS by querying the entire `watchlist` table. T207603, CVE-2019-12471: Loading user JavaScript from a non-existent account allows anyone to create the account, and XSS the users
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id126485
    published2019-07-05
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/126485
    titleFreeBSD : mediawiki -- multiple vulnerabilities (3c5a4fe0-9ebb-11e9-9169-fcaa147e860e)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
# extracted from the FreeBSD VuXML database :
#
# Copyright 2003-2020 Jacques Vidrine and contributors
#
# Redistribution and use in source (VuXML) and 'compiled' forms (SGML,
# HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification,
# are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
# 1. Redistributions of source code (VuXML) must retain the above
#    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
#    disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified.
# 2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs,
#    published online in any format, converted to PDF, PostScript,
#    RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright
#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
#    in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
#    distribution.
# 
# THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS
# BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
# OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
# OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
# BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
# WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
# OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION,
# EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(126485);
  script_version("1.4");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/08");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2019-11358", "CVE-2019-12466", "CVE-2019-12467", "CVE-2019-12468", "CVE-2019-12469", "CVE-2019-12470", "CVE-2019-12471", "CVE-2019-12472", "CVE-2019-12473", "CVE-2019-12474");

  script_name(english:"FreeBSD : mediawiki -- multiple vulnerabilities (3c5a4fe0-9ebb-11e9-9169-fcaa147e860e)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks for updated packages in pkg_info output");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:
"The remote FreeBSD host is missing one or more security-related
updates."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"MediaWiki reports :

Security fixes : T197279, CVE-2019-12468: Directly POSTing to
Special:ChangeEmail would allow for bypassing reauthentication,
allowing for potential account takeover. T204729, CVE-2019-12473:
Passing invalid titles to the API could cause a DoS by querying the
entire `watchlist` table. T207603, CVE-2019-12471: Loading user
JavaScript from a non-existent account allows anyone to create the
account, and XSS the users' loading that script. T208881: blacklist
CSS var(). T199540, CVE-2019-12472: It is possible to bypass the
limits on IP range blocks (`$wgBlockCIDRLimit`) by using the API.
T212118, CVE-2019-12474: Privileged API responses that include whether
a recent change has been patrolled may be cached publicly. T209794,
CVE-2019-12467: A spammer can use Special:ChangeEmail to send out spam
with no rate limiting or ability to block them. T25227,
CVE-2019-12466: An account can be logged out without using a
token(CRRF) T222036, CVE-2019-12469: Exposed suppressed username or
log in Special:EditTags. T222038, CVE-2019-12470: Exposed suppressed
log in RevisionDelete page. T221739, CVE-2019-11358: Fix potential XSS
in jQuery."
  );
  # https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/mediawiki-announce/2019-June/000230.html
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?fa98ca56"
  );
  # https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/3c5a4fe0-9ebb-11e9-9169-fcaa147e860e.html
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?af2c931c"
  );
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:mediawiki131");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:mediawiki132");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:freebsd:freebsd");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/04/23");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/07/05");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/07/05");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"FreeBSD Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/FreeBSD/release", "Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("freebsd_package.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "FreeBSD");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


flag = 0;

if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"mediawiki131<1.31.3")) flag++;
if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"mediawiki132<1.32.3")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:pkg_report_get());
  else security_hole(0);
  exit(0);
}
else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DSA-4460.NASL
    descriptionMultiple security vulnerabilities have been discovered in MediaWiki, a website engine for collaborative work, which may result in authentication bypass, denial of service, cross-site scripting, information disclosure and bypass of anti-spam measures.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id125858
    published2019-06-13
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/125858
    titleDebian DSA-4460-1 : mediawiki - security update
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
# extracted from Debian Security Advisory DSA-4460. The text 
# itself is copyright (C) Software in the Public Interest, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(125858);
  script_version("1.4");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/10");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2019-11358", "CVE-2019-12466", "CVE-2019-12467", "CVE-2019-12468", "CVE-2019-12469", "CVE-2019-12470", "CVE-2019-12471", "CVE-2019-12472", "CVE-2019-12473", "CVE-2019-12474");
  script_xref(name:"DSA", value:"4460");

  script_name(english:"Debian DSA-4460-1 : mediawiki - security update");
  script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for the updated package");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Debian host is missing a security-related update."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"Multiple security vulnerabilities have been discovered in MediaWiki, a
website engine for collaborative work, which may result in
authentication bypass, denial of service, cross-site scripting,
information disclosure and bypass of anti-spam measures."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/source-package/mediawiki"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/stretch/mediawiki"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4460"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"solution", 
    value:
"Upgrade the mediawiki packages.

For the stable distribution (stretch), these problems have been fixed
in version 1:1.27.7-1~deb9u1."
  );
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:mediawiki");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:9.0");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/04/20");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/06/12");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/06/13");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Debian Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Debian/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("debian_package.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Debian");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


flag = 0;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"mediawiki", reference:"1:1.27.7-1~deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"mediawiki-classes", reference:"1:1.27.7-1~deb9u1")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:deb_report_get());
  else security_hole(0);
  exit(0);
}
else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");

References