Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-6923 - Resource Exhaustion vulnerability in Freebsd

047910
CVSS 7.5 - HIGH
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
NONE
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
HIGH
network
low complexity
freebsd
CWE-400
nessus

Summary

In FreeBSD before 11.1-STABLE, 11.2-RELEASE-p2, 11.1-RELEASE-p13, ip fragment reassembly code is vulnerable to a denial of service due to excessive system resource consumption. This issue can allow a remote attacker who is able to send an arbitrary ip fragments to cause the machine to consume excessive resources.

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • XML Ping of the Death
    An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
  • XML Entity Expansion
    An attacker submits an XML document to a target application where the XML document uses nested entity expansion to produce an excessively large output XML. XML allows the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. However, this capability can be abused to create excessive demands on a processor's CPU and memory. A small number of nested expansions can result in an exponential growth in demands on memory.
  • Inducing Account Lockout
    An attacker leverages the security functionality of the system aimed at thwarting potential attacks to launch a denial of service attack against a legitimate system user. Many systems, for instance, implement a password throttling mechanism that locks an account after a certain number of incorrect log in attempts. An attacker can leverage this throttling mechanism to lock a legitimate user out of their own account. The weakness that is being leveraged by an attacker is the very security feature that has been put in place to counteract attacks.
  • Violating Implicit Assumptions Regarding XML Content (aka XML Denial of Service (XDoS))
    XML Denial of Service (XDoS) can be applied to any technology that utilizes XML data. This is, of course, most distributed systems technology including Java, .Net, databases, and so on. XDoS is most closely associated with web services, SOAP, and Rest, because remote service requesters can post malicious XML payloads to the service provider designed to exhaust the service provider's memory, CPU, and/or disk space. The main weakness in XDoS is that the service provider generally must inspect, parse, and validate the XML messages to determine routing, workflow, security considerations, and so on. It is exactly these inspection, parsing, and validation routines that XDoS targets. There are three primary attack vectors that XDoS can navigate Target CPU through recursion: attacker creates a recursive payload and sends to service provider Target memory through jumbo payloads: service provider uses DOM to parse XML. DOM creates in memory representation of XML document, but when document is very large (for example, north of 1 Gb) service provider host may exhaust memory trying to build memory objects. XML Ping of death: attack service provider with numerous small files that clog the system. All of the above attacks exploit the loosely coupled nature of web services, where the service provider has little to no control over the service requester and any messages the service requester sends.

Nessus

  • NASL familyFirewalls
    NASL idPFSENSE_SA-18_08.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its self-reported version number, the remote pfSense install is a version 2.3.x prior or equal to 2.3.5-p2 or 2.4.x prior to 2.4.3-p1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities: - Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and address translations may allow unauthorized disclosure of information residing in the L1 data cache to an attacker with local user access via a terminal page fault and a side-channel analysis. (CVE-2018-3620) - An authenticated command injection vulnerability exists in status_interfaces.php via dhcp_relinquish_lease() in pfSense before 2.4.4. This allows an authenticated WebGUI user with privileges for the affected page to execute commands in the context of the root user when submitting a request to relinquish a DHCP lease for an interface which is configured to obtain its address via DHCP. (CVE-2018-16055) - a denial of service vulnerability exists in the ip fragment reassembly code due to excessive system resource consumption. This issue can allow a remote attacker who is able to send arbitrary ip fragments to cause the machine to consume excessive resources. (CVE-2018-6923)
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id119887
    published2018-12-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/119887
    titlepfSense 2.3.x <= 2.3.5-p2 / 2.4.x < 2.4.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities (SA-18_06 / SA-18_07 / SA-18_08)
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(119887);
      script_version("1.4");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/31 15:18:51");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2018-3620",
        "CVE-2018-3646",
        "CVE-2018-6922",
        "CVE-2018-6923",
        "CVE-2018-6924",
        "CVE-2018-14526",
        "CVE-2018-15473",
        "CVE-2018-16055"
      );
    
      script_name(english:"pfSense 2.3.x <= 2.3.5-p2 / 2.4.x < 2.4.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities (SA-18_06 / SA-18_07 / SA-18_08)");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the version of pfSense.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote firewall host is affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "According to its self-reported version number, the remote pfSense
    install is a version 2.3.x  prior or equal to  2.3.5-p2 or 2.4.x 
    prior to 2.4.3-p1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities:
    
     - Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and 
       address translations may allow unauthorized disclosure of 
       information residing in the L1 data cache to an attacker with 
       local user access via a terminal page fault and a side-channel 
       analysis. (CVE-2018-3620)
       
     - An authenticated command injection vulnerability exists in 
       status_interfaces.php via dhcp_relinquish_lease() in pfSense
       before 2.4.4. This allows an authenticated WebGUI user with 
       privileges for the affected page to execute commands in the 
       context of the root user when submitting a request to relinquish
       a DHCP lease for an interface which is configured to obtain its
       address via DHCP. (CVE-2018-16055)
       
     -  a denial of service vulnerability exists in the ip fragment 
        reassembly code due to excessive system resource consumption. 
        This issue can allow a remote attacker who is able to send
        arbitrary ip fragments to cause the machine to consume excessive
        resources. (CVE-2018-6923)");
      # https://www.pfsense.org/security/advisories/pfSense-SA-18_06.webgui.asc
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?c44a2d3c");
      # https://www.pfsense.org/security/advisories/pfSense-SA-18_07.webgui.asc
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?b33cf0ad");
      # https://www.pfsense.org/security/advisories/pfSense-SA-18_08.webgui.asc
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?db4f32a9");
      # https://www.netgate.com/docs/pfsense/releases/2-4-4-new-features-and-changes.html
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?7d4d989a");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Upgrade to pfSense version 2.4.4 or later, or apply patches as noted
    in the vendor advisory.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-16055");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_canvas", value:"true");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"canvas_package", value:'CANVAS');
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/08/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/08/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/12/27");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:pfsense:pfsense");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:bsdperimeter:pfsense");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"Firewalls");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
    
      script_dependencies("pfsense_detect.nbin");
      script_require_keys("Host/pfSense");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("vcf.inc");
    include("vcf_extras.inc");
    
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/pfSense")) audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "pfSense");
    
    app_info = vcf::pfsense::get_app_info();
    constraints = [
      {"min_version":"2.3.0", "max_version":"2.3.5-p2", "fixed_version":"2.4.4"},
      {"min_version":"2.4.0", "max_version":"2.4.3-p1", "fixed_version":"2.4.4"}
    ];
    
    vcf::pfsense::check_version_and_report(
      app_info:app_info,
      constraints:constraints,
      severity:SECURITY_HOLE,
      flags:{xss:TRUE}
    );
    
  • NASL familyFreeBSD Local Security Checks
    NASL idFREEBSD_PKG_359E1548A65211E8805BA4BADB2F4699.NASL
    descriptionA researcher has notified us of a DoS attack applicable to another operating system. While FreeBSD may not be vulnerable to that exact attack, we have identified several places where inadequate DoS protection could allow an attacker to consume system resources. It is not necessary that the attacker be able to establish two-way communication to carry out these attacks. These attacks impact both IPv4 and IPv6 fragment reassembly. Impact : In the worst case, an attacker could send a stream of crafted fragments with a low packet rate which would consume a substantial amount of CPU. Other attack vectors allow an attacker to send a stream of crafted fragments which could consume a large amount of CPU or all available mbuf clusters on the system. These attacks could temporarily render a system unreachable through network interfaces or temporarily render a system unresponsive. The effects of the attack should clear within 60 seconds after the attack stops.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id112070
    published2018-08-23
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/112070
    titleFreeBSD : FreeBSD -- Resource exhaustion in IP fragment reassembly (359e1548-a652-11e8-805b-a4badb2f4699)
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
    # extracted from the FreeBSD VuXML database :
    #
    # Copyright 2003-2018 Jacques Vidrine and contributors
    #
    # Redistribution and use in source (VuXML) and 'compiled' forms (SGML,
    # HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification,
    # are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
    # 1. Redistributions of source code (VuXML) must retain the above
    #    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
    #    disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified.
    # 2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs,
    #    published online in any format, converted to PDF, PostScript,
    #    RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright
    #    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
    #    in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
    #    distribution.
    # 
    # THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
    # AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
    # THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
    # PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS
    # BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
    # OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
    # OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
    # BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
    # WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
    # OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION,
    # EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(112070);
      script_version("1.4");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/12/07  9:46:53");
    
      script_cve_id("CVE-2018-6923");
      script_xref(name:"FreeBSD", value:"SA-18:10.ip");
    
      script_name(english:"FreeBSD : FreeBSD -- Resource exhaustion in IP fragment reassembly (359e1548-a652-11e8-805b-a4badb2f4699)");
      script_summary(english:"Checks for updated packages in pkg_info output");
    
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"synopsis", 
        value:
    "The remote FreeBSD host is missing one or more security-related
    updates."
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"description", 
        value:
    "A researcher has notified us of a DoS attack applicable to another
    operating system. While FreeBSD may not be vulnerable to that exact
    attack, we have identified several places where inadequate DoS
    protection could allow an attacker to consume system resources.
    
    It is not necessary that the attacker be able to establish two-way
    communication to carry out these attacks. These attacks impact both
    IPv4 and IPv6 fragment reassembly. Impact : In the worst case, an
    attacker could send a stream of crafted fragments with a low packet
    rate which would consume a substantial amount of CPU.
    
    Other attack vectors allow an attacker to send a stream of crafted
    fragments which could consume a large amount of CPU or all available
    mbuf clusters on the system.
    
    These attacks could temporarily render a system unreachable through
    network interfaces or temporarily render a system unresponsive. The
    effects of the attack should clear within 60 seconds after the attack
    stops."
      );
      # https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/359e1548-a652-11e8-805b-a4badb2f4699.html
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?71a32ec7"
      );
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:FreeBSD");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:freebsd:freebsd");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/08/14");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/08/22");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/08/23");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
      script_family(english:"FreeBSD Local Security Checks");
    
      script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
      script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/FreeBSD/release", "Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info", "Settings/ParanoidReport");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("freebsd_package.inc");
    
    
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "FreeBSD");
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);
    
    
    if (report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_PARANOID);
    
    flag = 0;
    
    if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"FreeBSD>=11.2<11.2_2")) flag++;
    if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"FreeBSD>=11.1<11.1_13")) flag++;
    
    if (flag)
    {
      if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:pkg_report_get());
      else security_hole(0);
      exit(0);
    }
    else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");