Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-4436 - Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in Apple Iphone OS and Watchos
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
NONE Integrity impact
HIGH Availability impact
NONE Summary
A certificate validation issue existed in configuration profiles. This was addressed with additional checks. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 12.1.1, tvOS 12.1.1, watchOS 5.1.2.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Creating a Rogue Certificate Authority Certificate An attacker exploits a weakness in the MD5 hash algorithm (weak collision resistance) to generate a certificate signing request (CSR) that contains collision blocks in the "to be signed" part. The attacker specially crafts two different, but valid X.509 certificates that when hashed with the MD5 algorithm would yield the same value. The attacker then sends the CSR for one of the certificates to the Certification Authority which uses the MD5 hashing algorithm. That request is completely valid and the Certificate Authority issues an X.509 certificate to the attacker which is signed with its private key. An attacker then takes that signed blob and inserts it into another X.509 certificate that the attacker generated. Due to the MD5 collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the attackers' second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority. To make the attack more interesting, the second certificate could be not just a regular certificate, but rather itself a signing certificate. Thus the attacker is able to start their own Certification Authority that is anchored in its root of trust in the legitimate Certification Authority that has signed the attackers' first X.509 certificate. If the original Certificate Authority was accepted by default by browsers, so will now the Certificate Authority set up by the attacker and of course any certificates that it signs. So the attacker is now able to generate any SSL certificates to impersonate any web server, and the user's browser will not issue any warning to the victim. This can be used to compromise HTTPS communications and other types of systems where PKI and X.509 certificates may be used (e.g., VPN, IPSec) .
Nessus
| NASL family | Misc. |
| NASL id | APPLETV_12_1_1.NASL |
| description | According to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device is prior to 12.1.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as described in the HT209342 security advisory: - Multiple elevation of privilege vulnerabilities exist due to improper memory handling. An application can exploit this to gain elevated privileges. (CVE-2018-4303, CVE-2018-4435) - Multiple unspecified command execution vulnerabilities exist that allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands, sometimes with kernel privileges. (CVE-2018-4427, CVE-2018-4437, CVE-2018-4438, CVE-2018-4447, CVE-2018-4461, CVE-2018-4464, CVE-2018-4441, CVE-2018-4442, CVE-2018-4443) - An unspecified denial of service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the Kernel that allows an an attacker in a privileged position to perform a denial of service attack. (CVE-2018-4460) Additionally, the version of Apple TV is also affected by several additional vulnerabilities including cross-site scripting (XSS) and an information disclosure vulnerability. Note that only 4th generation devices are affected by these vulnerabilities. |
| last seen | 2020-06-01 |
| modified | 2020-06-02 |
| plugin id | 119839 |
| published | 2018-12-21 |
| reporter | This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. |
| source | https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/119839 |
| title | Apple TV < 12.1.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities |
| code | |