Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-14637 - Improper Authentication vulnerability in Redhat Keycloak

047910
CVSS 8.1 - HIGH
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
HIGH
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
HIGH
Integrity impact
HIGH
Availability impact
HIGH
network
high complexity
redhat
CWE-287
nessus

Summary

The SAML broker consumer endpoint in Keycloak before version 4.6.0.Final ignores expiration conditions on SAML assertions. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to perform a replay attack.

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Authentication Abuse
    An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker. This attack may exploit assumptions made by the target's authentication procedures, such as assumptions regarding trust relationships or assumptions regarding the generation of secret values. This attack differs from Authentication Bypass attacks in that Authentication Abuse allows the attacker to be certified as a valid user through illegitimate means, while Authentication Bypass allows the user to access protected material without ever being certified as an authenticated user. This attack does not rely on prior sessions established by successfully authenticating users, as relied upon for the "Exploitation of Session Variables, Resource IDs and other Trusted Credentials" attack patterns.
  • Exploiting Trust in Client (aka Make the Client Invisible)
    An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by placing themselves in the communication channel between client and server such that communication directly to the server is possible where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
  • Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Register Man in the Middle
    This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to place man in the middle once SSL is terminated. Rest applications premise is that they leverage existing infrastructure to deliver web services functionality. An example of this is a Rest application that uses HTTP Get methods and receives a HTTP response with an XML document. These Rest style web services are deployed on existing infrastructure such as Apache and IIS web servers with no SOAP stack required. Unfortunately from a security standpoint, there frequently is no interoperable identity security mechanism deployed, so Rest developers often fall back to SSL to deliver security. In large data centers, SSL is typically terminated at the edge of the network - at the firewall, load balancer, or router. Once the SSL is terminated the HTTP request is in the clear (unless developers have hashed or encrypted the values, but this is rare). The attacker can utilize a sniffer such as Wireshark to snapshot the credentials, such as username and password that are passed in the clear once SSL is terminated. Once the attacker gathers these credentials, they can submit requests to the web service provider just as authorized user do. There is not typically an authentication on the client side, beyond what is passed in the request itself so once this is compromised, then this is generally sufficient to compromise the service's authentication scheme.
  • Man in the Middle Attack
    This type of attack targets the communication between two components (typically client and server). The attacker places himself in the communication channel between the two components. Whenever one component attempts to communicate with the other (data flow, authentication challenges, etc.), the data first goes to the attacker, who has the opportunity to observe or alter it, and it is then passed on to the other component as if it was never intercepted. This interposition is transparent leaving the two compromised components unaware of the potential corruption or leakage of their communications. The potential for Man-in-the-Middle attacks yields an implicit lack of trust in communication or identify between two components.

Nessus

  • NASL familyRed Hat Local Security Checks
    NASL idREDHAT-RHSA-2018-3592.NASL
    descriptionNew Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 packages are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section. Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2 is a standalone server, based on the Keycloak project, that provides authentication and standards-based single sign-on capabilities for web and mobile applications. This release of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 serves as a replacement for Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.4, and includes bug fixes and enhancements, which are documented in the Release Notes document linked to in the References. Security Fix(es) : * keycloak: auth permitted with expired certs in SAML client (CVE-2018-10894) * keycloak: XSS-Vulnerability with response_mode=form_post (CVE-2018-14655) * keycloak: Open Redirect in Login and Logout (CVE-2018-14658) * keycloak: brute force protection not working for the entire login workflow (CVE-2018-14657) For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section. The CVE-2018-10894 issue was discovered by Benjamin Berg (Red Hat).
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id118949
    published2018-11-14
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/118949
    titleRHEL 6 : Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 on RHEL 6 (RHSA-2018:3592)
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
    # extracted from Red Hat Security Advisory RHSA-2018:3592. The text 
    # itself is copyright (C) Red Hat, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(118949);
      script_version("1.8");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/24 15:35:46");
    
      script_cve_id("CVE-2018-10894", "CVE-2018-14637", "CVE-2018-14655", "CVE-2018-14657", "CVE-2018-14658");
      script_xref(name:"RHSA", value:"2018:3592");
    
      script_name(english:"RHEL 6 : Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 on RHEL 6 (RHSA-2018:3592)");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages");
    
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"synopsis", 
        value:"The remote Red Hat host is missing one or more security updates."
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"description", 
        value:
    "New Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 packages are now available for Red
    Hat Enterprise Linux 6.
    
    Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security
    impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base
    score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each
    vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.
    
    Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2 is a standalone server, based on the
    Keycloak project, that provides authentication and standards-based
    single sign-on capabilities for web and mobile applications.
    
    This release of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 serves as a replacement
    for Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.4, and includes bug fixes and
    enhancements, which are documented in the Release Notes document
    linked to in the References.
    
    Security Fix(es) :
    
    * keycloak: auth permitted with expired certs in SAML client
    (CVE-2018-10894)
    
    * keycloak: XSS-Vulnerability with response_mode=form_post
    (CVE-2018-14655)
    
    * keycloak: Open Redirect in Login and Logout (CVE-2018-14658)
    
    * keycloak: brute force protection not working for the entire login
    workflow (CVE-2018-14657)
    
    For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a
    CVSS score, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s)
    listed in the References section.
    
    The CVE-2018-10894 issue was discovered by Benjamin Berg (Red Hat)."
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_single_sign_on/?"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3592"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-10894"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-14637"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-14655"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-14657"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-14658"
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"solution", 
        value:
    "Update the affected rh-sso7-keycloak and / or rh-sso7-keycloak-server
    packages."
      );
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:rh-sso7-keycloak");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:rh-sso7-keycloak-server");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/08/01");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/11/13");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/11/14");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
      script_family(english:"Red Hat Local Security Checks");
    
      script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
      script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/RedHat/release", "Host/RedHat/rpm-list", "Host/cpu");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("global_settings.inc");
    include("misc_func.inc");
    include("rpm.inc");
    
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
    release = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/release");
    if (isnull(release) || "Red Hat" >!< release) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat");
    os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux.*release ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)", string:release);
    if (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, "Red Hat");
    os_ver = os_ver[1];
    if (! preg(pattern:"^6([^0-9]|$)", string:os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat 6.x", "Red Hat " + os_ver);
    
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);
    
    cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu");
    if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);
    if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "s390" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Red Hat", cpu);
    
    yum_updateinfo = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/yum-updateinfo");
    if (!empty_or_null(yum_updateinfo)) 
    {
      rhsa = "RHSA-2018:3592";
      yum_report = redhat_generate_yum_updateinfo_report(rhsa:rhsa);
      if (!empty_or_null(yum_report))
      {
        security_report_v4(
          port       : 0,
          severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
          extra      : yum_report 
        );
        exit(0);
      }
      else
      {
        audit_message = "affected by Red Hat security advisory " + rhsa;
        audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, audit_message);
      }
    }
    else
    {
      flag = 0;
      if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL6", reference:"rh-sso7-keycloak-3.4.14-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.jbcs.el6")) flag++;
      if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL6", reference:"rh-sso7-keycloak-server-3.4.14-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.jbcs.el6")) flag++;
    
      if (flag)
      {
        security_report_v4(
          port       : 0,
          severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
          extra      : rpm_report_get() + redhat_report_package_caveat()
        );
        exit(0);
      }
      else
      {
        tested = pkg_tests_get();
        if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
        else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "rh-sso7-keycloak / rh-sso7-keycloak-server");
      }
    }
    
  • NASL familyRed Hat Local Security Checks
    NASL idREDHAT-RHSA-2018-3593.NASL
    descriptionNew Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 packages are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section. Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2 is a standalone server, based on the Keycloak project, that provides authentication and standards-based single sign-on capabilities for web and mobile applications. This release of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 serves as a replacement for Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.4, and includes bug fixes and enhancements, which are documented in the Release Notes document linked to in the References. Security Fix(es) : * keycloak: auth permitted with expired certs in SAML client (CVE-2018-10894) * keycloak: XSS-Vulnerability with response_mode=form_post (CVE-2018-14655) * keycloak: Open Redirect in Login and Logout (CVE-2018-14658) * keycloak: brute force protection not working for the entire login workflow (CVE-2018-14657) For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section. The CVE-2018-10894 issue was discovered by Benjamin Berg (Red Hat).
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id118950
    published2018-11-14
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/118950
    titleRHEL 7 : Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.2.5 on RHEL 7 (RHSA-2018:3593)

Redhat

rpms
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-0:3.4.14-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.jbcs.el6
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-server-0:3.4.14-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.jbcs.el6
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-0:3.4.14-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.jbcs.el7
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-server-0:3.4.14-1.Final_redhat_00001.1.jbcs.el7