Vulnerabilities > CVE-2017-7150 - Weak Password Requirements vulnerability in Apple mac OS X
Attack vector
LOCAL Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
LOW Confidentiality impact
HIGH Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
NONE Summary
An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. macOS before 10.13 Supplemental Update is affected. The issue involves the "Security" component. It allows attackers to bypass the keychain access prompt, and consequently extract passwords, via a synthetic click.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Brute Force In this attack, some asset (information, functionality, identity, etc.) is protected by a finite secret value. The attacker attempts to gain access to this asset by using trial-and-error to exhaustively explore all the possible secret values in the hope of finding the secret (or a value that is functionally equivalent) that will unlock the asset. Examples of secrets can include, but are not limited to, passwords, encryption keys, database lookup keys, and initial values to one-way functions. The key factor in this attack is the attackers' ability to explore the possible secret space rapidly. This, in turn, is a function of the size of the secret space and the computational power the attacker is able to bring to bear on the problem. If the attacker has modest resources and the secret space is large, the challenge facing the attacker is intractable. While the defender cannot control the resources available to an attacker, they can control the size of the secret space. Creating a large secret space involves selecting one's secret from as large a field of equally likely alternative secrets as possible and ensuring that an attacker is unable to reduce the size of this field using available clues or cryptanalysis. Doing this is more difficult than it sounds since elimination of patterns (which, in turn, would provide an attacker clues that would help them reduce the space of potential secrets) is difficult to do using deterministic machines, such as computers. Assuming a finite secret space, a brute force attack will eventually succeed. The defender must rely on making sure that the time and resources necessary to do so will exceed the value of the information. For example, a secret space that will likely take hundreds of years to explore is likely safe from raw-brute force attacks.
- Dictionary-based Password Attack An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
- Password Brute Forcing In this attack, the attacker tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password. A system will be particularly vulnerable to this type of an attack if it does not have a proper enforcement mechanism in place to ensure that passwords selected by users are strong passwords that comply with an adequate password policy. In practice a pure brute force attack on passwords is rarely used, unless the password is suspected to be weak. Other password cracking methods exist that are far more effective (e.g. dictionary attacks, rainbow tables, etc.).
- Rainbow Table Password Cracking An attacker gets access to the database table where hashes of passwords are stored. He then uses a rainbow table of pre-computed hash chains to attempt to look up the original password. Once the original password corresponding to the hash is obtained, the attacker uses the original password to gain access to the system. A password rainbow table stores hash chains for various passwords. A password chain is computed, starting from the original password, P, via a reduce(compression) function R and a hash function H. A recurrence relation exists where Xi+1 = R(H(Xi)), X0 = P. Then the hash chain of length n for the original password P can be formed: X1, X2, X3, ... , Xn-2, Xn-1, Xn, H(Xn). P and H(Xn) are then stored together in the rainbow table. Constructing the rainbow tables takes a very long time and is computationally expensive. A separate table needs to be constructed for the various hash algorithms (e.g. SHA1, MD5, etc.). However, once a rainbow table is computed, it can be very effective in cracking the passwords that have been hashed without the use of salt.
- Try Common(default) Usernames and Passwords An attacker may try certain common (default) usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An attacker may try an intelligent brute force using known vendor default credentials as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.
Nessus
NASL family MacOS X Local Security Checks NASL id MACOSX_SECUPD2017-004.NASL description The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities affecting the following components : - 802.1X - apache - AppleScript - ATS - Audio - CFString - CoreText - curl - Dictionary Widget - file - Fonts - fsck_msdos - HFS - Heimdal - HelpViewer - ImageIO - Kernel - libarchive - Open Scripting Architecture - PCRE - Postfix - Quick Look - QuickTime - Remote Management - Sandbox - StreamingZip - tcpdump - Wi-Fi last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 104379 published 2017-11-03 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2017-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/104379 title macOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2017-001 and 2017-004) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(104379); script_version("1.10"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/06/19 15:17:43"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2016-0736", "CVE-2016-2161", "CVE-2016-4736", "CVE-2016-5387", "CVE-2016-8740", "CVE-2016-8743", "CVE-2017-1000100", "CVE-2017-1000101", "CVE-2017-10140", "CVE-2017-11103", "CVE-2017-11108", "CVE-2017-11541", "CVE-2017-11542", "CVE-2017-11543", "CVE-2017-12893", "CVE-2017-12894", "CVE-2017-12895", "CVE-2017-12896", "CVE-2017-12897", "CVE-2017-12898", "CVE-2017-12899", "CVE-2017-12900", "CVE-2017-12901", "CVE-2017-12902", "CVE-2017-12985", "CVE-2017-12986", "CVE-2017-12987", "CVE-2017-12988", "CVE-2017-12989", "CVE-2017-12990", "CVE-2017-12991", "CVE-2017-12992", "CVE-2017-12993", "CVE-2017-12994", "CVE-2017-12995", "CVE-2017-12996", "CVE-2017-12997", "CVE-2017-12998", "CVE-2017-12999", "CVE-2017-13000", "CVE-2017-13001", "CVE-2017-13002", "CVE-2017-13003", "CVE-2017-13004", "CVE-2017-13005", "CVE-2017-13006", "CVE-2017-13007", "CVE-2017-13008", "CVE-2017-13009", "CVE-2017-13010", "CVE-2017-13011", "CVE-2017-13012", "CVE-2017-13013", "CVE-2017-13014", "CVE-2017-13015", "CVE-2017-13016", "CVE-2017-13017", "CVE-2017-13018", "CVE-2017-13019", "CVE-2017-13020", "CVE-2017-13021", "CVE-2017-13022", "CVE-2017-13023", "CVE-2017-13024", "CVE-2017-13025", "CVE-2017-13026", "CVE-2017-13027", "CVE-2017-13028", "CVE-2017-13029", "CVE-2017-13030", "CVE-2017-13031", "CVE-2017-13032", "CVE-2017-13033", "CVE-2017-13034", "CVE-2017-13035", "CVE-2017-13036", "CVE-2017-13037", "CVE-2017-13038", "CVE-2017-13039", "CVE-2017-13040", "CVE-2017-13041", "CVE-2017-13042", "CVE-2017-13043", "CVE-2017-13044", "CVE-2017-13045", "CVE-2017-13046", "CVE-2017-13047", "CVE-2017-13048", "CVE-2017-13049", "CVE-2017-13050", "CVE-2017-13051", "CVE-2017-13052", "CVE-2017-13053", "CVE-2017-13054", "CVE-2017-13055", "CVE-2017-13077", "CVE-2017-13078", "CVE-2017-13080", "CVE-2017-13687", "CVE-2017-13688", "CVE-2017-13689", "CVE-2017-13690", "CVE-2017-13725", "CVE-2017-13782", "CVE-2017-13799", "CVE-2017-13801", "CVE-2017-13804", "CVE-2017-13807", "CVE-2017-13808", "CVE-2017-13809", "CVE-2017-13810", "CVE-2017-13811", "CVE-2017-13812", "CVE-2017-13813", "CVE-2017-13814", "CVE-2017-13815", "CVE-2017-13817", "CVE-2017-13818", "CVE-2017-13819", "CVE-2017-13820", "CVE-2017-13821", "CVE-2017-13822", "CVE-2017-13823", "CVE-2017-13824", "CVE-2017-13825", "CVE-2017-13828", "CVE-2017-13829", "CVE-2017-13830", "CVE-2017-13831", "CVE-2017-13833", "CVE-2017-13834", "CVE-2017-13836", "CVE-2017-13838", "CVE-2017-13840", "CVE-2017-13841", "CVE-2017-13842", "CVE-2017-13843", "CVE-2017-13846", "CVE-2017-13906", "CVE-2017-13908", "CVE-2017-3167", "CVE-2017-3169", "CVE-2017-5130", "CVE-2017-5969", "CVE-2017-7132", "CVE-2017-7150", "CVE-2017-7170", "CVE-2017-7376", "CVE-2017-7659", "CVE-2017-7668", "CVE-2017-7679", "CVE-2017-9049", "CVE-2017-9050", "CVE-2017-9788", "CVE-2017-9789" ); script_bugtraq_id( 100249, 100286, 100913, 100914, 101177, 101274, 101482, 102100, 91816, 93055, 94650, 95076, 95077, 95078, 96188, 98568, 98601, 98877, 99132, 99134, 99135, 99137, 99170, 99551, 99568, 99569, 99938, 99939, 99940, 99941 ); script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2017-10-31-2"); script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2017-A-0310"); script_name(english:"macOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2017-001 and 2017-004)"); script_summary(english:"Checks for the presence of Security Update 2017-004."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote host is missing a macOS or Mac OS X security update that fixes multiple vulnerabilities."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities affecting the following components : - 802.1X - apache - AppleScript - ATS - Audio - CFString - CoreText - curl - Dictionary Widget - file - Fonts - fsck_msdos - HFS - Heimdal - HelpViewer - ImageIO - Kernel - libarchive - Open Scripting Architecture - PCRE - Postfix - Quick Look - QuickTime - Remote Management - Sandbox - StreamingZip - tcpdump - Wi-Fi"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208221"); # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2017/Oct/msg00001.html script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?3881783e"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Install Security Update 2017-004 or later for 10.11.x or Security Update 2017-001 or later for 10.12.x."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2017-7376"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/07/18"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2017/10/31"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2017/11/03"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"II"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2017-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/MacOSX/packages/boms"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); # Compare 2 patch numbers to determine if patch requirements are satisfied. # Return true if this patch or a later patch is applied # Return false otherwise function check_patch(year, number) { local_var p_split = split(patch, sep:"-"); local_var p_year = int( p_split[0]); local_var p_num = int( p_split[1]); if (year > p_year) return TRUE; else if (year < p_year) return FALSE; else if (number >= p_num) return TRUE; else return FALSE; } get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/local_checks_enabled"); os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/Version"); if (!preg(pattern:"Mac OS X 10\.(11\.6|12\.6)([^0-9]|$)", string:os)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6"); if ("10.11.6" >< os) patch = "2017-004"; else patch = "2017-001"; packages = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/packages/boms", exit_code:1); sec_boms_report = pgrep( pattern:"^com\.apple\.pkg\.update\.(security\.|os\.SecUpd).*bom$", string:packages ); sec_boms = split(sec_boms_report, sep:'\n'); foreach package (sec_boms) { # Grab patch year and number match = pregmatch(pattern:"[^0-9](20[0-9][0-9])[-.]([0-9]{3})[^0-9]", string:package); if (empty_or_null(match[1]) || empty_or_null(match[2])) continue; patch_found = check_patch(year:int(match[1]), number:int(match[2])); if (patch_found) exit(0, "The host has Security Update " + patch + " or later installed and is therefore not affected."); } report = '\n Missing security update : ' + patch; report += '\n Installed security BOMs : '; if (sec_boms_report) report += str_replace(find:'\n', replace:'\n ', string:sec_boms_report); else report += 'n/a'; report += '\n'; security_report_v4(port:0, severity:SECURITY_HOLE, extra:report, xss:TRUE);NASL family MacOS X Local Security Checks NASL id MACOS_10_13.NASL description The remote host is running a version of Mac OS X that is prior to 10.10.5, 10.11.x prior to 10.11.6, 10.12.x prior to 10.12.6, or is not macOS 10.13. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities in the following components : - apache - AppSandbox - AppleScript - Application Firewall - ATS - Audio - CFNetwork - CFNetwork Proxies - CFString - Captive Network Assistant - CoreAudio - CoreText - DesktopServices - Directory Utility - file - Fonts - fsck_msdos - HFS - Heimdal - HelpViewer - IOFireWireFamily - ImageIO - Installer - Kernel - kext tools - libarchive - libc - libexpat - Mail - Mail Drafts - ntp - Open Scripting Architecture - PCRE - Postfix - Quick Look - QuickTime - Remote Management - SQLite - Sandbox - Screen Lock - Security - Spotlight - WebKit - zlib Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can result in arbitrary code execution. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 103598 published 2017-10-03 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/103598 title macOS < 10.13 Multiple Vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(103598); script_version("1.9"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/07/14 1:59:37"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2016-0736", "CVE-2016-2161", "CVE-2016-4736", "CVE-2016-5387", "CVE-2016-8740", "CVE-2016-8743", "CVE-2016-9042", "CVE-2016-9063", "CVE-2016-9840", "CVE-2016-9841", "CVE-2016-9842", "CVE-2016-9843", "CVE-2017-0381", "CVE-2017-3167", "CVE-2017-3169", "CVE-2017-6451", "CVE-2017-6452", "CVE-2017-6455", "CVE-2017-6458", "CVE-2017-6459", "CVE-2017-6460", "CVE-2017-6462", "CVE-2017-6463", "CVE-2017-6464", "CVE-2017-7074", "CVE-2017-7077", "CVE-2017-7078", "CVE-2017-7080", "CVE-2017-7082", "CVE-2017-7083", "CVE-2017-7084", "CVE-2017-7086", "CVE-2017-7114", "CVE-2017-7119", "CVE-2017-7121", "CVE-2017-7122", "CVE-2017-7123", "CVE-2017-7124", "CVE-2017-7125", "CVE-2017-7126", "CVE-2017-7127", "CVE-2017-7128", "CVE-2017-7129", "CVE-2017-7130", "CVE-2017-7132", "CVE-2017-7138", "CVE-2017-7141", "CVE-2017-7143", "CVE-2017-7144", "CVE-2017-7149", "CVE-2017-7150", "CVE-2017-7659", "CVE-2017-7668", "CVE-2017-7679", "CVE-2017-9233", "CVE-2017-9788", "CVE-2017-9789", "CVE-2017-10140", "CVE-2017-10989", "CVE-2017-11103", "CVE-2017-13782", "CVE-2017-13807", "CVE-2017-13808", "CVE-2017-13809", "CVE-2017-13810", "CVE-2017-13811", "CVE-2017-13812", "CVE-2017-13813", "CVE-2017-13814", "CVE-2017-13815", "CVE-2017-13816", "CVE-2017-13817", "CVE-2017-13818", "CVE-2017-13819", "CVE-2017-13820", "CVE-2017-13821", "CVE-2017-13822", "CVE-2017-13823", "CVE-2017-13824", "CVE-2017-13825", "CVE-2017-13827", "CVE-2017-13828", "CVE-2017-13829", "CVE-2017-13830", "CVE-2017-13831", "CVE-2017-13832", "CVE-2017-13833", "CVE-2017-13834", "CVE-2017-13836", "CVE-2017-13837", "CVE-2017-13838", "CVE-2017-13839", "CVE-2017-13840", "CVE-2017-13841", "CVE-2017-13842", "CVE-2017-13843", "CVE-2017-13846", "CVE-2017-13850", "CVE-2017-13851", "CVE-2017-13853", "CVE-2017-13854", "CVE-2017-13873", "CVE-2017-1000373" ); script_bugtraq_id( 91816, 93055, 94337, 94650, 95076, 95077, 95078, 95131, 95248, 97045, 97046, 97049, 97050, 97051, 97052, 97058, 97074, 97076, 97078, 97201, 99132, 99134, 99135, 99137, 99170, 99177, 99276, 99502, 99551, 99568, 99569, 100987, 100990, 100991, 100992, 100993, 100999, 102100 ); script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2017-09-25-1"); script_name(english:"macOS < 10.13 Multiple Vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Mac OS X / macOS."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote host is missing a macOS update that fixes multiple security vulnerabilities."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "The remote host is running a version of Mac OS X that is prior to 10.10.5, 10.11.x prior to 10.11.6, 10.12.x prior to 10.12.6, or is not macOS 10.13. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities in the following components : - apache - AppSandbox - AppleScript - Application Firewall - ATS - Audio - CFNetwork - CFNetwork Proxies - CFString - Captive Network Assistant - CoreAudio - CoreText - DesktopServices - Directory Utility - file - Fonts - fsck_msdos - HFS - Heimdal - HelpViewer - IOFireWireFamily - ImageIO - Installer - Kernel - kext tools - libarchive - libc - libexpat - Mail - Mail Drafts - ntp - Open Scripting Architecture - PCRE - Postfix - Quick Look - QuickTime - Remote Management - SQLite - Sandbox - Screen Lock - Security - Spotlight - WebKit - zlib Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can result in arbitrary code execution."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208144"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208165"); # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2017/Sep/msg00005.html script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?9cfca404"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Upgrade to macOS version 10.13 or later."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2017/09/25"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2017/09/25"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2017/10/03"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"combined"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc."); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl"); script_require_ports("Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/OS"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); os = get_kb_item("Host/MacOSX/Version"); if (!os) { os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/OS"); if ("Mac OS X" >!< os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X"); c = get_kb_item("Host/OS/Confidence"); if (c <= 70) exit(1, "Can't determine the host's OS with sufficient confidence."); } if (!os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X"); matches = pregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os); if (empty_or_null(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "')."); version = matches[1]; fixed_version = "10.13"; # Patches exist for 10.10.5, OS X Yosemite v10.11.6 and OS X El Capitan v10.12.6 # https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208221 # Do NOT mark them as vuln if ( # No 10.x patch below 10.10.5 ver_compare(ver:version, fix:'10.10.5', strict:FALSE) == -1 || # No 10.11.x patch below 10.11.6 ( version =~"^10\.11($|[^0-9])" && ver_compare(ver:version, fix:'10.11.6', strict:FALSE) == -1 ) || # No 10.12.x patch below 10.12.6 ( version =~"^10\.12($|[^0-9])" && ver_compare(ver:version, fix:'10.12.6', strict:FALSE) == -1 ) ) { security_report_v4( port:0, severity:SECURITY_HOLE, extra: '\n Installed version : ' + version + '\n Fixed version : ' + fixed_version + '\n' ); } else audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "macOS / Mac OS X", version);