Vulnerabilities > CVE-2017-3224 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity vulnerability in multiple products

047910
CVSS 8.2 - HIGH
Attack vector
ADJACENT_NETWORK
Attack complexity
HIGH
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
LOW
Integrity impact
HIGH
Availability impact
HIGH
high complexity
quagga
suse
redhat
CWE-345
nessus
NVD
Published: 2018-07-24
Updated: 2024-11-21

Summary

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol implementations may improperly determine Link State Advertisement (LSA) recency for LSAs with MaxSequenceNumber. According to RFC 2328 section 13.1, for two instances of the same LSA, recency is determined by first comparing sequence numbers, then checksums, and finally MaxAge. In a case where the sequence numbers are the same, the LSA with the larger checksum is considered more recent, and will not be flushed from the Link State Database (LSDB). Since the RFC does not explicitly state that the values of links carried by a LSA must be the same when prematurely aging a self-originating LSA with MaxSequenceNumber, it is possible in vulnerable OSPF implementations for an attacker to craft a LSA with MaxSequenceNumber and invalid links that will result in a larger checksum and thus a 'newer' LSA that will not be flushed from the LSDB. Propagation of the crafted LSA can result in the erasure or alteration of the routing tables of routers within the routing domain, creating a denial of service condition or the re-routing of traffic on the network. CVE-2017-3224 has been reserved for Quagga and downstream implementations (SUSE, openSUSE, and Red Hat packages).

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
Application
Quagga
1
Application
Redhat
1
OS
Suse
2

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
    An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website. An attacker gets the victim to visit his or her malicious page that contains a script tag whose source points to the vulnerable system with a URL that requests a response from the server containing a JSON object with possibly confidential information. The malicious page also contains malicious code to capture the JSON object returned by the server before any other processing on it can take place, typically by overriding the JavaScript function used to create new objects. This hook allows the malicious code to get access to the creation of each object and transmit the possibly sensitive contents of the captured JSON object to the attackers' server. There is nothing in the browser's security model to prevent the attackers' malicious JavaScript code (originating from attacker's domain) to set up an environment (as described above) to intercept a JSON object response (coming from the vulnerable target system's domain), read its contents and transmit to the attackers' controlled site. The same origin policy protects the domain object model (DOM), but not the JSON.
  • Cache Poisoning
    An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
  • DNS Cache Poisoning
    A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An attacker modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the attacker specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Attackers can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
  • Cross-Site Scripting Using MIME Type Mismatch
    An attacker creates a file with scripting content but where the specified MIME type of the file is such that scripting is not expected. Some browsers will detect that the specified MIME type of the file does not match the actual type of the content and will automatically switch to using an interpreter for the real content type. If the browser does not invoke script filters before doing this, the attackers' script may run on the target unsanitized. For example, the MIME type text/plain may be used where the actual content is text/javascript or text/html. Since text does not contain scripting instructions, the stated MIME type would indicate that filtering is unnecessary. However, if the target application subsequently determines the file's real type and invokes the appropriate interpreter, scripted content could be invoked. In another example, img tags in HTML content could reference a renderable type file instead of an expected image file. The file extension and MIME type can describe an image file, but the file content can be text/javascript or text/html resulting in script execution. If the browser assumes all references in img tags are images, and therefore do not need to be filtered for scripts, this would bypass content filters. In a cross-site scripting attack, the attacker tricks the victim into accessing a URL that uploads a script file with an incorrectly specified MIME type. If the victim's browser switches to the appropriate interpreter without filtering, the attack will execute as a standard XSS attack, possibly revealing the victim's cookies or executing arbitrary script in their browser.
  • Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages
    An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.

Nessus

  • NASL familyHuawei Local Security Checks
    NASL idEULEROS_SA-2019-2408.NASL
    descriptionAccording to the versions of the quagga package installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol implementations may improperly determine Link State Advertisement (LSA) recency for LSAs with MaxSequenceNumber. According to RFC 2328 section 13.1, for two instances of the same LSA, recency is determined by first comparing sequence numbers, then checksums, and finally MaxAge. In a case where the sequence numbers are the same, the LSA with the larger checksum is considered more recent, and will not be flushed from the Link State Database (LSDB). Since the RFC does not explicitly state that the values of links carried by a LSA must be the same when prematurely aging a self-originating LSA with MaxSequenceNumber, it is possible in vulnerable OSPF implementations for an attacker to craft a LSA with MaxSequenceNumber and invalid links that will result in a larger checksum and thus a
    last seen2020-05-08
    modified2019-12-10
    plugin id131900
    published2019-12-10
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/131900
    titleEulerOS 2.0 SP2 : quagga (EulerOS-SA-2019-2408)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(131900);
  script_version("1.3");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/05/07");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2016-1245",
    "CVE-2016-2342",
    "CVE-2016-4049",
    "CVE-2017-3224",
    "CVE-2018-5380",
    "CVE-2018-5381"
  );

  script_name(english:"EulerOS 2.0 SP2 : quagga (EulerOS-SA-2019-2408)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote EulerOS host is missing multiple security updates.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"According to the versions of the quagga package installed, the
EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following
vulnerabilities :

  - Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol
    implementations may improperly determine Link State
    Advertisement (LSA) recency for LSAs with
    MaxSequenceNumber. According to RFC 2328 section 13.1,
    for two instances of the same LSA, recency is
    determined by first comparing sequence numbers, then
    checksums, and finally MaxAge. In a case where the
    sequence numbers are the same, the LSA with the larger
    checksum is considered more recent, and will not be
    flushed from the Link State Database (LSDB). Since the
    RFC does not explicitly state that the values of links
    carried by a LSA must be the same when prematurely
    aging a self-originating LSA with MaxSequenceNumber, it
    is possible in vulnerable OSPF implementations for an
    attacker to craft a LSA with MaxSequenceNumber and
    invalid links that will result in a larger checksum and
    thus a 'newer' LSA that will not be flushed from the
    LSDB. Propagation of the crafted LSA can result in the
    erasure or alteration of the routing tables of routers
    within the routing domain, creating a denial of service
    condition or the re-routing of traffic on the network.
    CVE-2017-3224 has been reserved for Quagga and
    downstream implementations (SUSE, openSUSE, and Red Hat
    packages).(CVE-2017-3224)

  - The bgp_dump_routes_func function in bgpd/bgp_dump.c in
    Quagga does not perform size checks when dumping data,
    which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of
    service (assertion failure and daemon crash) via a
    large BGP packet.(CVE-2016-4049)

  - The bgp_nlri_parse_vpnv4 function in bgp_mplsvpn.c in
    the VPNv4 NLRI parser in bgpd in Quagga before
    1.0.20160309, when a certain VPNv4 configuration is
    used, relies on a Labeled-VPN SAFI routes-data length
    field during a data copy, which allows remote attackers
    to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service
    (stack-based buffer overflow) via a crafted
    packet.(CVE-2016-2342)

  - The Quagga BGP daemon (bgpd) prior to version 1.2.3 can
    overrun internal BGP code-to-string conversion tables
    used for debug by 1 pointer value, based on
    input.(CVE-2018-5380)

  - The Quagga BGP daemon (bgpd) prior to version 1.2.3 has
    a bug in its parsing of 'Capabilities' in BGP OPEN
    messages, in the bgp_packet.c:bgp_capability_msg_parse
    function. The parser can enter an infinite loop on
    invalid capabilities if a Multi-Protocol capability
    does not have a recognized AFI/SAFI, causing a denial
    of service.(CVE-2018-5381)

  - It was discovered that the zebra daemon in Quagga
    before 1.0.20161017 suffered from a stack-based buffer
    overflow when processing IPv6 Neighbor Discovery
    messages. The root cause was relying on BUFSIZ to be
    compatible with a message size however, BUFSIZ is
    system-dependent.(CVE-2016-1245)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding
description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable
has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible
without introducing additional issues.");
  # https://developer.huaweicloud.com/ict/en/site-euleros/euleros/security-advisories/EulerOS-SA-2019-2408
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?a16c956b");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Update the affected quagga packages.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/12/04");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/12/10");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:quagga");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:huawei:euleros:2.0");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Huawei Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/EulerOS/release", "Host/EulerOS/rpm-list", "Host/EulerOS/sp");
  script_exclude_keys("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("rpm.inc");

if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);

release = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/release");
if (isnull(release) || release !~ "^EulerOS") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS");
if (release !~ "^EulerOS release 2\.0(\D|$)") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0");

sp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/sp");
if (isnull(sp) || sp !~ "^(2)$") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP2");

uvp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version");
if (!empty_or_null(uvp)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP2", "EulerOS UVP " + uvp);

if (!get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu");
if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);
if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "aarch64" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "EulerOS", cpu);
if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$") audit(AUDIT_ARCH_NOT, "i686 / x86_64", cpu);

flag = 0;

pkgs = ["quagga-0.99.22.4-5.h6"];

foreach (pkg in pkgs)
  if (rpm_check(release:"EulerOS-2.0", sp:"2", reference:pkg)) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  security_report_v4(
    port       : 0,
    severity   : SECURITY_HOLE,
    extra      : rpm_report_get()
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  tested = pkg_tests_get();
  if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
  else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "quagga");
}
  • NASL familyHuawei Local Security Checks
    NASL idEULEROS_SA-2019-2657.NASL
    descriptionAccording to the versions of the quagga package installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - It was discovered that the zebra daemon in Quagga before 1.0.20161017 suffered from a stack-based buffer overflow when processing IPv6 Neighbor Discovery messages. The root cause was relying on BUFSIZ to be compatible with a message size however, BUFSIZ is system-dependent.(CVE-2016-1245) - Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol implementations may improperly determine Link State Advertisement (LSA) recency for LSAs with MaxSequenceNumber. According to RFC 2328 section 13.1, for two instances of the same LSA, recency is determined by first comparing sequence numbers, then checksums, and finally MaxAge. In a case where the sequence numbers are the same, the LSA with the larger checksum is considered more recent, and will not be flushed from the Link State Database (LSDB). Since the RFC does not explicitly state that the values of links carried by a LSA must be the same when prematurely aging a self-originating LSA with MaxSequenceNumber, it is possible in vulnerable OSPF implementations for an attacker to craft a LSA with MaxSequenceNumber and invalid links that will result in a larger checksum and thus a
    last seen2020-05-08
    modified2019-12-18
    plugin id132192
    published2019-12-18
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/132192
    titleEulerOS 2.0 SP3 : quagga (EulerOS-SA-2019-2657)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(132192);
  script_version("1.3");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/05/07");

  script_cve_id(
    "CVE-2016-1245",
    "CVE-2016-2342",
    "CVE-2016-4049",
    "CVE-2017-3224",
    "CVE-2018-5380",
    "CVE-2018-5381"
  );

  script_name(english:"EulerOS 2.0 SP3 : quagga (EulerOS-SA-2019-2657)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote EulerOS host is missing multiple security updates.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"According to the versions of the quagga package installed, the
EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following
vulnerabilities :

  - It was discovered that the zebra daemon in Quagga
    before 1.0.20161017 suffered from a stack-based buffer
    overflow when processing IPv6 Neighbor Discovery
    messages. The root cause was relying on BUFSIZ to be
    compatible with a message size however, BUFSIZ is
    system-dependent.(CVE-2016-1245)

  - Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol
    implementations may improperly determine Link State
    Advertisement (LSA) recency for LSAs with
    MaxSequenceNumber. According to RFC 2328 section 13.1,
    for two instances of the same LSA, recency is
    determined by first comparing sequence numbers, then
    checksums, and finally MaxAge. In a case where the
    sequence numbers are the same, the LSA with the larger
    checksum is considered more recent, and will not be
    flushed from the Link State Database (LSDB). Since the
    RFC does not explicitly state that the values of links
    carried by a LSA must be the same when prematurely
    aging a self-originating LSA with MaxSequenceNumber, it
    is possible in vulnerable OSPF implementations for an
    attacker to craft a LSA with MaxSequenceNumber and
    invalid links that will result in a larger checksum and
    thus a 'newer' LSA that will not be flushed from the
    LSDB. Propagation of the crafted LSA can result in the
    erasure or alteration of the routing tables of routers
    within the routing domain, creating a denial of service
    condition or the re-routing of traffic on the network.
    CVE-2017-3224 has been reserved for Quagga and
    downstream implementations (SUSE, openSUSE, and Red Hat
    packages).(CVE-2017-3224)

  - The bgp_dump_routes_func function in bgpd/bgp_dump.c in
    Quagga does not perform size checks when dumping data,
    which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of
    service (assertion failure and daemon crash) via a
    large BGP packet.(CVE-2016-4049)

  - The bgp_nlri_parse_vpnv4 function in bgp_mplsvpn.c in
    the VPNv4 NLRI parser in bgpd in Quagga before
    1.0.20160309, when a certain VPNv4 configuration is
    used, relies on a Labeled-VPN SAFI routes-data length
    field during a data copy, which allows remote attackers
    to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service
    (stack-based buffer overflow) via a crafted
    packet.(CVE-2016-2342)

  - The Quagga BGP daemon (bgpd) prior to version 1.2.3 can
    overrun internal BGP code-to-string conversion tables
    used for debug by 1 pointer value, based on
    input.(CVE-2018-5380)

  - The Quagga BGP daemon (bgpd) prior to version 1.2.3 has
    a bug in its parsing of 'Capabilities' in BGP OPEN
    messages, in the bgp_packet.c:bgp_capability_msg_parse
    function. The parser can enter an infinite loop on
    invalid capabilities if a Multi-Protocol capability
    does not have a recognized AFI/SAFI, causing a denial
    of service.(CVE-2018-5381)

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding
description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable
has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible
without introducing additional issues.");
  # https://developer.huaweicloud.com/ict/en/site-euleros/euleros/security-advisories/EulerOS-SA-2019-2657
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?31e8e5ea");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Update the affected quagga packages.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/12/18");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/12/18");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:quagga");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:huawei:euleros:2.0");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Huawei Local Security Checks");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/EulerOS/release", "Host/EulerOS/rpm-list", "Host/EulerOS/sp");
  script_exclude_keys("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("rpm.inc");

if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);

release = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/release");
if (isnull(release) || release !~ "^EulerOS") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS");
if (release !~ "^EulerOS release 2\.0(\D|$)") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0");

sp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/sp");
if (isnull(sp) || sp !~ "^(3)$") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP3");

uvp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version");
if (!empty_or_null(uvp)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP3", "EulerOS UVP " + uvp);

if (!get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu");
if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);
if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "aarch64" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "EulerOS", cpu);
if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$") audit(AUDIT_ARCH_NOT, "i686 / x86_64", cpu);

flag = 0;

pkgs = ["quagga-0.99.22.4-5.h5"];

foreach (pkg in pkgs)
  if (rpm_check(release:"EulerOS-2.0", sp:"3", reference:pkg)) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  security_report_v4(
    port       : 0,
    severity   : SECURITY_HOLE,
    extra      : rpm_report_get()
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  tested = pkg_tests_get();
  if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
  else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "quagga");
}

References