Vulnerabilities > CVE-2016-4036 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in Opensuse Leap and Opensuse

047910
CVSS 5.5 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
LOCAL
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
LOW
Confidentiality impact
HIGH
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
NONE
local
low complexity
opensuse
CWE-264
nessus
NVD
Published: 2016-04-18
Updated: 2018-10-30

Summary

The quagga package before 0.99.23-2.6.1 in openSUSE and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP 1 uses weak permissions for /etc/quagga, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading files in the directory.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
OS
Opensuse
2

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files
    An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
  • Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
    An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
  • Blue Boxing
    This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
  • Restful Privilege Elevation
    Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
  • Target Programs with Elevated Privileges
    This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.

Nessus

  • NASL familyUbuntu Local Security Checks
    NASL idUBUNTU_USN-3102-1.NASL
    descriptionIt was discovered that Quagga incorrectly handled dumping data. A remote attacker could possibly use a large BGP packet to cause Quagga to crash, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2016-4049) It was discovered that the Quagga package incorrectly set permissions on the configuration directory. A local user could use this issue to possibly obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2016-4036). Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id94068
    published2016-10-14
    reporterUbuntu Security Notice (C) 2016-2019 Canonical, Inc. / NASL script (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/94068
    titleUbuntu 12.04 LTS / 14.04 LTS / 16.04 LTS : quagga vulnerabilities (USN-3102-1)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from Ubuntu Security Notice USN-3102-1. The text 
# itself is copyright (C) Canonical, Inc. See 
# <http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/>. Ubuntu(R) is a registered 
# trademark of Canonical, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(94068);
  script_version("2.6");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/09/18 12:31:46");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2016-4036", "CVE-2016-4049");
  script_xref(name:"USN", value:"3102-1");

  script_name(english:"Ubuntu 12.04 LTS / 14.04 LTS / 16.04 LTS : quagga vulnerabilities (USN-3102-1)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for updated package.");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Ubuntu host is missing a security-related patch."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"It was discovered that Quagga incorrectly handled dumping data. A
remote attacker could possibly use a large BGP packet to cause Quagga
to crash, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2016-4049)

It was discovered that the Quagga package incorrectly set permissions
on the configuration directory. A local user could use this issue to
possibly obtain sensitive information. (CVE-2016-4036).

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding
description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory. Tenable
has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible
without introducing additional issues."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://usn.ubuntu.com/3102-1/"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"solution", 
    value:"Update the affected quagga package."
  );
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:quagga");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:12.04:-:lts");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:14.04");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/04/18");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/10/13");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/10/14");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"Ubuntu Security Notice (C) 2016-2019 Canonical, Inc. / NASL script (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Ubuntu Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/cpu", "Host/Ubuntu", "Host/Ubuntu/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("ubuntu.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");

if ( ! get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled") ) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
release = get_kb_item("Host/Ubuntu/release");
if ( isnull(release) ) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Ubuntu");
release = chomp(release);
if (! preg(pattern:"^(12\.04|14\.04|16\.04)$", string:release)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Ubuntu 12.04 / 14.04 / 16.04", "Ubuntu " + release);
if ( ! get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l") ) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);

cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu");
if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);
if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$") audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Ubuntu", cpu);

flag = 0;

if (ubuntu_check(osver:"12.04", pkgname:"quagga", pkgver:"0.99.20.1-0ubuntu0.12.04.5")) flag++;
if (ubuntu_check(osver:"14.04", pkgname:"quagga", pkgver:"0.99.22.4-3ubuntu1.2")) flag++;
if (ubuntu_check(osver:"16.04", pkgname:"quagga", pkgver:"0.99.24.1-2ubuntu1.1")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  security_report_v4(
    port       : 0,
    severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
    extra      : ubuntu_report_get()
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  tested = ubuntu_pkg_tests_get();
  if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
  else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "quagga");
}
  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DLA-601.NASL
    descriptionThe quagga package installs world readable sensitive files in /etc/quagga, and might be subject to denial of service because of lacking packet size checks. CVE-2016-4036 The quagga package before 0.99.23-2.6.1 uses weak permissions for /etc/quagga, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information by reading files in the directory. CVE-2016-4049 The bgp_dump_routes_func function in bgpd/bgp_dump.c in Quagga does not perform size checks when dumping data, which might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon crash) via a large BGP packet. For Debian 7
    last seen2020-03-17
    modified2016-08-29
    plugin id93130
    published2016-08-29
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/93130
    titleDebian DLA-601-1 : quagga security update
    code
    #%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80502
#
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from Debian Security Advisory DLA-601-1. The text
# itself is copyright (C) Software in the Public Interest, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(93130);
  script_version("2.6");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/03/12");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2016-4036", "CVE-2016-4049");

  script_name(english:"Debian DLA-601-1 : quagga security update");
  script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for the updated packages.");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Debian host is missing a security update."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"The quagga package installs world readable sensitive files in
/etc/quagga, and might be subject to denial of service because of
lacking packet size checks.

CVE-2016-4036

The quagga package before 0.99.23-2.6.1 uses weak permissions for
/etc/quagga, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information
by reading files in the directory.

CVE-2016-4049

The bgp_dump_routes_func function in bgpd/bgp_dump.c in Quagga does
not perform size checks when dumping data, which might allow remote
attackers to cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon
crash) via a large BGP packet.

For Debian 7 'Wheezy', these problems have been fixed in version
0.99.22.4-1+wheezy3.

We recommend that you upgrade your quagga packages.

NOTE: Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description
block directly from the DLA security advisory. Tenable has attempted
to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without
introducing additional issues."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2016/08/msg00026.html"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/wheezy/quagga"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"solution", 
    value:"Upgrade the affected quagga, quagga-dbg, and quagga-doc packages."
  );
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:quagga");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:quagga-dbg");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:quagga-doc");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:7.0");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/08/27");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/08/29");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Debian Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Debian/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("debian_package.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Debian");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


flag = 0;
if (deb_check(release:"7.0", prefix:"quagga", reference:"0.99.22.4-1+wheezy3")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"7.0", prefix:"quagga-dbg", reference:"0.99.22.4-1+wheezy3")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"7.0", prefix:"quagga-doc", reference:"0.99.22.4-1+wheezy3")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:deb_report_get());
  else security_warning(0);
  exit(0);
}
else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DSA-3654.NASL
    descriptionTwo vulnerabilities were discovered in quagga, a BGP/OSPF/RIP routing daemon. - CVE-2016-4036 Tamas Nemeth discovered that sensitive configuration files in /etc/quagga were world-readable despite containing sensitive information. - CVE-2016-4049 Evgeny Uskov discovered that a bgpd instance handling many peers could be crashed by a malicious user when requesting a route dump.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id93117
    published2016-08-26
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/93117
    titleDebian DSA-3654-1 : quagga - security update
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
# extracted from Debian Security Advisory DSA-3654. The text 
# itself is copyright (C) Software in the Public Interest, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(93117);
  script_version("2.7");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/11/10 11:49:38");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2016-4036", "CVE-2016-4049");
  script_xref(name:"DSA", value:"3654");

  script_name(english:"Debian DSA-3654-1 : quagga - security update");
  script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for the updated package");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Debian host is missing a security-related update."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"Two vulnerabilities were discovered in quagga, a BGP/OSPF/RIP routing
daemon.

  - CVE-2016-4036
    Tamas Nemeth discovered that sensitive configuration
    files in /etc/quagga were world-readable despite
    containing sensitive information.

  - CVE-2016-4049
    Evgeny Uskov discovered that a bgpd instance handling
    many peers could be crashed by a malicious user when
    requesting a route dump."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=822787"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=835223"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-4036"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-4049"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/jessie/quagga"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3654"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"solution", 
    value:
"Upgrade the quagga packages.

For the stable distribution (jessie), these problems have been fixed
in version 0.99.23.1-1+deb8u2."
  );
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:quagga");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:8.0");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/08/26");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/08/26");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Debian Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Debian/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("debian_package.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Debian");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


flag = 0;
if (deb_check(release:"8.0", prefix:"quagga", reference:"0.99.23.1-1+deb8u2")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"8.0", prefix:"quagga-dbg", reference:"0.99.23.1-1+deb8u2")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"8.0", prefix:"quagga-doc", reference:"0.99.23.1-1+deb8u2")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:deb_report_get());
  else security_warning(0);
  exit(0);
}
else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");

References