Vulnerabilities > CVE-2016-3065 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in Postgresql 9.5/9.5.1
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
HIGH Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
HIGH Summary
The (1) brin_page_type and (2) brin_metapage_info functions in the pageinspect extension in PostgreSQL before 9.5.x before 9.5.2 allows attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and consequently obtain sensitive server memory information or cause a denial of service (server crash) via a crafted bytea value in a BRIN index page.
Vulnerable Configurations
Part | Description | Count |
---|---|---|
Application | 2 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
- Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
- Blue Boxing This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
- Restful Privilege Elevation Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
- Target Programs with Elevated Privileges This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.
Nessus
NASL family Databases NASL id POSTGRESQL_952.NASL description The version of PostgreSQL installed on the remote host is 9.5.x prior to 9.5.2. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - A flaw exists that is triggered when a query plan is incorrectly reused for more than one ROLE within the same session. An authenticated, remote attacker can exploit this to cause an incorrect set of Row Level Security (RLS) policies to be used for the query. (CVE-2016-2193) - A denial of service vulnerability exists within file contrib/pageinspect/brinfuncs.c when certain functions in the pageinspect extension are used with BRIN index pages. An authenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via contrived last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 90423 published 2016-04-08 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/90423 title PostgreSQL 9.5.x < 9.5.2 Multiple Vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(90423); script_version("1.9"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/19"); script_cve_id("CVE-2016-2193", "CVE-2016-3065"); script_bugtraq_id(85784, 85786); script_name(english:"PostgreSQL 9.5.x < 9.5.2 Multiple Vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks the version of PostgreSQL."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote database server is affected by multiple vulnerabilities."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "The version of PostgreSQL installed on the remote host is 9.5.x prior to 9.5.2. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - A flaw exists that is triggered when a query plan is incorrectly reused for more than one ROLE within the same session. An authenticated, remote attacker can exploit this to cause an incorrect set of Row Level Security (RLS) policies to be used for the query. (CVE-2016-2193) - A denial of service vulnerability exists within file contrib/pageinspect/brinfuncs.c when certain functions in the pageinspect extension are used with BRIN index pages. An authenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via contrived 'bytea' values, to crash the server or disclose a small amount of server memory. (CVE-2016-3065)"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.postgresql.org/about/news/1656/"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/release-9-5-2.html"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Upgrade to PostgreSQL version 9.5.2 or later."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:C"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2016-3065"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/03/31"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/03/31"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/04/08"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:postgresql:postgresql"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"Databases"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("postgresql_version.nbin"); script_require_ports("Services/postgresql", 5432); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("backport.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); port = get_service(svc:"postgresql", default:5432, exit_on_fail:TRUE); version = get_kb_item_or_exit('database/'+port+'/postgresql/version'); source = get_kb_item_or_exit('database/'+port+'/postgresql/source'); get_backport_banner(banner:source); if (backported && report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_BACKPORT_SERVICE, port, 'PostgreSQL server'); ver = split(version, sep:'.'); for (i=0; i < max_index(ver); i++) ver[i] = int(ver[i]); # Affected : 9.5.x < 9.5.2 if (ver[0] == 9 && ver[1] == 5 && ver[2] < 2) { report = ''; if(database) report += '\n Database name : ' + database ; report += '\n Version source : ' + source + '\n Installed version : ' + version + '\n Fixed version : 9.5.2\n'; security_report_v4( port:port, severity:SECURITY_HOLE, extra: report ); } else audit(AUDIT_LISTEN_NOT_VULN, 'PostgreSQL', port, version);
NASL family FreeBSD Local Security Checks NASL id FREEBSD_PKG_97A24D2EF74C11E584586CC21735F730.NASL description PostgreSQL project reports : Security Fixes for RLS, BRIN This release closes security hole CVE-2016-2193 (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-2193), where a query plan might get reused for more than one ROLE in the same session. This could cause the wrong set of Row Level Security (RLS) policies to be used for the query. The update also fixes CVE-2016-3065 (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-3065), a server crash bug triggered by using `pageinspect` with BRIN index pages. Since an attacker might be able to expose a few bytes of server memory, this crash is being treated as a security issue. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 90290 published 2016-04-01 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/90290 title FreeBSD : PostgreSQL -- minor security problems. (97a24d2e-f74c-11e5-8458-6cc21735f730) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from the FreeBSD VuXML database : # # Copyright 2003-2018 Jacques Vidrine and contributors # # Redistribution and use in source (VuXML) and 'compiled' forms (SGML, # HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification, # are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: # 1. Redistributions of source code (VuXML) must retain the above # copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following # disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified. # 2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs, # published online in any format, converted to PDF, PostScript, # RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer # in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the # distribution. # # THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" # AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, # THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR # PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS # BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, # OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT # OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR # BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, # WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE # OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION, # EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(90290); script_version("2.8"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/11/10 11:49:45"); script_cve_id("CVE-2016-2193", "CVE-2016-3065"); script_name(english:"FreeBSD : PostgreSQL -- minor security problems. (97a24d2e-f74c-11e5-8458-6cc21735f730)"); script_summary(english:"Checks for updated packages in pkg_info output"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote FreeBSD host is missing one or more security-related updates." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "PostgreSQL project reports : Security Fixes for RLS, BRIN This release closes security hole CVE-2016-2193 (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-2193), where a query plan might get reused for more than one ROLE in the same session. This could cause the wrong set of Row Level Security (RLS) policies to be used for the query. The update also fixes CVE-2016-3065 (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-3065), a server crash bug triggered by using `pageinspect` with BRIN index pages. Since an attacker might be able to expose a few bytes of server memory, this crash is being treated as a security issue." ); # https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/97a24d2e-f74c-11e5-8458-6cc21735f730.html script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?46575e38" ); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:postgresql95-contrib"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:postgresql95-server"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:freebsd:freebsd"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/03/01"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/03/31"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/04/01"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"FreeBSD Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/FreeBSD/release", "Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("freebsd_package.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "FreeBSD"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); flag = 0; if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"postgresql95-server>=9.5.0<9.5.2")) flag++; if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"postgresql95-contrib>=9.5.0<9.5.2")) flag++; if (flag) { if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:pkg_report_get()); else security_hole(0); exit(0); } else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
References
- http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=bf78a6f107949fdfb513d1b45e30cefe04e09e4f
- http://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git%3Ba=commitdiff%3Bh=bf78a6f107949fdfb513d1b45e30cefe04e09e4f
- http://www.postgresql.org/about/news/1656/
- http://www.postgresql.org/about/news/1656/
- http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/release-9-5-2.html
- http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/release-9-5-2.html
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035468
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035468