Vulnerabilities > CVE-2016-2313 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in multiple products
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
LOW Confidentiality impact
HIGH Integrity impact
HIGH Availability impact
HIGH Summary
auth_login.php in Cacti before 0.8.8g allows remote authenticated users who use web authentication to bypass intended access restrictions by logging in as a user not in the cacti database.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
- Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
- Blue Boxing This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
- Restful Privilege Elevation Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
- Target Programs with Elevated Privileges This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.
Nessus
NASL family Gentoo Local Security Checks NASL id GENTOO_GLSA-201607-05.NASL description The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-201607-05 (Cacti: Multiple vulnerabilities) Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Cacti. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details. Impact : A remote attacker could possibly execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the process, or remote authenticated users could bypass intended access restrictions. Workaround : There is no known workaround at this time. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 92349 published 2016-07-18 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/92349 title GLSA-201607-05 : Cacti: Multiple vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Gentoo Linux Security Advisory GLSA 201607-05. # # The advisory text is Copyright (C) 2001-2016 Gentoo Foundation, Inc. # and licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution / Share Alike # license. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(92349); script_version("2.4"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/04/11 17:23:06"); script_cve_id("CVE-2014-5261", "CVE-2014-5262", "CVE-2015-8369", "CVE-2015-8377", "CVE-2015-8604", "CVE-2016-2313", "CVE-2016-3172", "CVE-2016-3659"); script_xref(name:"GLSA", value:"201607-05"); script_name(english:"GLSA-201607-05 : Cacti: Multiple vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks for updated package(s) in /var/db/pkg"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote Gentoo host is missing one or more security-related patches." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-201607-05 (Cacti: Multiple vulnerabilities) Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Cacti. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details. Impact : A remote attacker could possibly execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the process, or remote authenticated users could bypass intended access restrictions. Workaround : There is no known workaround at this time." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201607-05" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"solution", value: "All Cacti users should upgrade to the latest version: # emerge --sync # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose '>=net-analyzer/cacti-0.8.8h'" ); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:F/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:F/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_framework_canvas", value:"true"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"canvas_package", value:'CANVAS'); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:gentoo:linux:cacti"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:gentoo:linux"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/07/16"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/07/18"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"Gentoo Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Gentoo/release", "Host/Gentoo/qpkg-list"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("qpkg.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); if (!get_kb_item("Host/Gentoo/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Gentoo"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/Gentoo/qpkg-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); flag = 0; if (qpkg_check(package:"net-analyzer/cacti", unaffected:make_list("ge 0.8.8h"), vulnerable:make_list("lt 0.8.8h"))) flag++; if (flag) { if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:qpkg_report_get()); else security_hole(0); exit(0); } else { tested = qpkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "Cacti"); }
NASL family Debian Local Security Checks NASL id DEBIAN_DLA-560.NASL description Three security issues have been found in cacti : CVE-2016-2313 auth_login.php allows remote authenticated users who use web authentication to bypass intended access restrictions by logging in as a user not in the cacti database. CVE-2016-3172 A SQL injection vulnerability in tree.php allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the parent_id parameter in an item_edit action. CVE-2016-3659 A SQL injection vulnerability in graph_view.php allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary SQL commands via the host_group_data parameter. The fix for CVE-2016-2313 did not take into account guest users. This update fixes it. For Debian 7 last seen 2020-03-17 modified 2016-07-26 plugin id 92547 published 2016-07-26 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/92547 title Debian DLA-560-2 : cacti regression update NASL family SuSE Local Security Checks NASL id OPENSUSE-2016-199.NASL description cacti was updated to fix the following vulnerabilities : - CVE-2015-8369: SQL injection in graph.php (boo#958863) - CVE-2015-8604: SQL injection in graphs_new.php (boo#960678) - CVE-2015-8377: SQL injection vulnerability in the host_new_graphs_save function in graphs_new.php (boo#958977) - CVE-2016-2313: Authentication using web authentication as a user not in the cacti database allows complete access (boo#965930) The following non-security bugs were fixed : - boo#965864: Poller Script Parser was broken cacti-spine was updated to match the cacti version, fixing a number of upstream bugs. last seen 2020-06-05 modified 2016-02-15 plugin id 88733 published 2016-02-15 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88733 title openSUSE Security Update : cacti (openSUSE-2016-199) NASL family Gentoo Local Security Checks NASL id GENTOO_GLSA-201711-10.NASL description The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-201711-10 (Cacti: Multiple vulnerabilities) Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Cacti. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details. Impact : Remote attackers could execute arbitrary code or bypass intended access restrictions. Workaround : There is no known workaround at this time. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 104518 published 2017-11-13 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/104518 title GLSA-201711-10 : Cacti: Multiple vulnerabilities NASL family SuSE Local Security Checks NASL id OPENSUSE-2016-198.NASL description cacti was updated to fix the following vulnerabilities : - CVE-2015-8369: SQL injection in graph.php (boo#958863) - CVE-2015-8604: SQL injection in graphs_new.php (boo#960678) - CVE-2015-8377: SQL injection vulnerability in the host_new_graphs_save function in graphs_new.php (boo#958977) - CVE-2016-2313: Authentication using web authentication as a user not in the cacti database allows complete access (boo#965930) cacti-spine was updated to match the cacti version, fixing a number of upstream bugs. last seen 2020-06-05 modified 2016-02-15 plugin id 88732 published 2016-02-15 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88732 title openSUSE Security Update : cacti (openSUSE-2016-198) NASL family SuSE Local Security Checks NASL id OPENSUSE-2016-201.NASL description cacti was updated to fix the following vulnerabilities : - CVE-2015-8369: SQL injection in graph.php (boo#958863) - CVE-2015-8604: SQL injection in graphs_new.php (boo#960678) - CVE-2015-8377: SQL injection vulnerability in the host_new_graphs_save function in graphs_new.php (boo#958977) - CVE-2016-2313: Authentication using web authentication as a user not in the cacti database allows complete access (boo#965930) The following non-security bugs were fixed : boo#965864: Poller Script Parser was broken (boo#965864) cacti-spine was updated to match the cacti version, fixing a number of upstream bugs. last seen 2020-06-05 modified 2016-02-15 plugin id 88734 published 2016-02-15 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88734 title openSUSE Security Update : cacti (openSUSE-2016-201) NASL family FreeBSD Local Security Checks NASL id FREEBSD_PKG_DB3301BEE01C11E5B2BD002590263BF5.NASL description The Cacti Group, Inc. reports : Changelog - bug:0002652: CVE-2015-8604: SQL injection in graphs_new.php - bug:0002655: CVE-2015-8377: SQL injection vulnerability in the host_new_graphs_save function in graphs_new.php - bug:0002656: Authentication using web authentication as a user not in the cacti database allows complete access last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 89063 published 2016-03-02 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/89063 title FreeBSD : cacti -- multiple vulnerabilities (db3301be-e01c-11e5-b2bd-002590263bf5)
References
- https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201607-05
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037745
- http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-02/msg00078.html
- http://www.cacti.net/release_notes_0_8_8g.php
- http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-02/msg00077.html
- http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-02/msg00080.html
- http://bugs.cacti.net/view.php?id=2656
- https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201711-10