Vulnerabilities > CVE-2016-1949 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
MEDIUM Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL Integrity impact
PARTIAL Availability impact
PARTIAL Summary
Mozilla Firefox before 44.0.2 does not properly restrict the interaction between Service Workers and plugins, which allows remote attackers to bypass the Same Origin Policy via a crafted web site that triggers spoofed responses to requests that use NPAPI, as demonstrated by a request for a crossdomain.xml file.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
- Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
- Blue Boxing This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
- Restful Privilege Elevation Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
- Target Programs with Elevated Privileges This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.
Nessus
NASL family FreeBSD Local Security Checks NASL id FREEBSD_PKG_172B22CBD3F611E5AC9E485D605F4717.NASL description The Mozilla Foundation reports : MFSA 2016-13 Jason Pang of OneSignal reported that service workers intercept responses to plugin network requests made through the browser. Plugins which make security decisions based on the content of network requests can have these decisions subverted if a service worker forges responses to those requests. For example, a forged crossdomain.xml could allow a malicious site to violate the same-origin policy using the Flash plugin. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 88743 published 2016-02-16 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88743 title FreeBSD : firefox -- Same-origin-policy violation using Service Workers with plugins (172b22cb-d3f6-11e5-ac9e-485d605f4717) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from the FreeBSD VuXML database : # # Copyright 2003-2018 Jacques Vidrine and contributors # # Redistribution and use in source (VuXML) and 'compiled' forms (SGML, # HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification, # are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: # 1. Redistributions of source code (VuXML) must retain the above # copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following # disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified. # 2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs, # published online in any format, converted to PDF, PostScript, # RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer # in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the # distribution. # # THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" # AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, # THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR # PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS # BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, # OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT # OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR # BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, # WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE # OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION, # EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(88743); script_version("2.8"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/11/10 11:49:45"); script_cve_id("CVE-2016-1949"); script_name(english:"FreeBSD : firefox -- Same-origin-policy violation using Service Workers with plugins (172b22cb-d3f6-11e5-ac9e-485d605f4717)"); script_summary(english:"Checks for updated packages in pkg_info output"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote FreeBSD host is missing one or more security-related updates." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "The Mozilla Foundation reports : MFSA 2016-13 Jason Pang of OneSignal reported that service workers intercept responses to plugin network requests made through the browser. Plugins which make security decisions based on the content of network requests can have these decisions subverted if a service worker forges responses to those requests. For example, a forged crossdomain.xml could allow a malicious site to violate the same-origin policy using the Flash plugin." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/security/advisories/mfsa2016-13/" ); # https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/172b22cb-d3f6-11e5-ac9e-485d605f4717.html script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?ff343f14" ); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:firefox"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:linux-firefox"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:freebsd:freebsd"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/02/11"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/02/15"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/02/16"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"FreeBSD Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/FreeBSD/release", "Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("freebsd_package.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "FreeBSD"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); flag = 0; if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"firefox<44.0.2,1")) flag++; if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"linux-firefox<44.0.2,1")) flag++; if (flag) { if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:pkg_report_get()); else security_warning(0); exit(0); } else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
NASL family Ubuntu Local Security Checks NASL id UBUNTU_USN-2893-1.NASL description Jason Pang discovered that service workers intercept responses to plugin network requests made through the browser. An attacker could potentially exploit this to bypass same origin restrictions using the Flash plugin. (CVE-2016-1949). Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 88711 published 2016-02-12 reporter Ubuntu Security Notice (C) 2016-2019 Canonical, Inc. / NASL script (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88711 title Ubuntu 12.04 LTS / 14.04 LTS / 15.10 : firefox vulnerability (USN-2893-1) NASL family SuSE Local Security Checks NASL id OPENSUSE-2016-259.NASL description This update for MozillaFirefox fixes the following issues : - update to Firefox 44.0.2 - MFSA 2016-13/CVE-2016-1949 (bmo#1245724, boo#966438) Same-origin-policy violation using Service Workers with plugins - Fix issue which could lead to the removal of stored passwords under certain circumstances (bmo#1242176) - Allows spaces in cookie names (bmo#1244505) - Disable opus/vorbis audio with H.264 (bmo#1245696) - Fix for graphics startup crash (GNU/Linux) (bmo#1222171) - Fix a crash in cache networking (bmo#1244076) - Fix using WebSockets in service worker controlled pages (bmo#1243942) last seen 2020-06-05 modified 2016-02-25 plugin id 88946 published 2016-02-25 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88946 title openSUSE Security Update : Mozilla Firefox (openSUSE-2016-259) NASL family SuSE Local Security Checks NASL id OPENSUSE-2016-223.NASL description This update for MozillaFirefox fixes the following issues : - update to Firefox 44.0.2 - MFSA 2016-13/CVE-2016-1949 (bmo#1245724, boo#966438) Same-origin-policy violation using Service Workers with plugins - Fix issue which could lead to the removal of stored passwords under certain circumstances (bmo#1242176) - Allows spaces in cookie names (bmo#1244505) - Disable opus/vorbis audio with H.264 (bmo#1245696) - Fix for graphics startup crash (GNU/Linux) (bmo#1222171) - Fix a crash in cache networking (bmo#1244076) - Fix using WebSockets in service worker controlled pages (bmo#1243942) last seen 2020-06-05 modified 2016-02-18 plugin id 88828 published 2016-02-18 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88828 title openSUSE Security Update : MozillaFirefox (openSUSE-2016-223) NASL family Gentoo Local Security Checks NASL id GENTOO_GLSA-201605-06.NASL description The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-201605-06 (Mozilla Products: Multiple vulnerabilities) Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in Firefox, NSS, NSPR, and Thunderbird. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details. Impact : A remote attacker could entice a user to view a specially crafted web page or email, possibly resulting in execution of arbitrary code or a Denial of Service condition. Furthermore, a remote attacker may be able to perform Man-in-the-Middle attacks, obtain sensitive information, spoof the address bar, conduct clickjacking attacks, bypass security restrictions and protection mechanisms, or have other unspecified impacts. Workaround : There is no known workaround at this time. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 91379 published 2016-05-31 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/91379 title GLSA-201605-06 : Mozilla Products: Multiple vulnerabilities (Logjam) (SLOTH) NASL family MacOS X Local Security Checks NASL id MACOSX_FIREFOX_44_0_2.NASL description The version of Mozilla Firefox installed on the remote Mac OS X host is prior to 44.0.2. It is, therefore, affected by a security bypass vulnerability due to improper restriction of interaction between service workers and plugins. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a crafted web site that triggers spoofed responses to requests that use NPAPI, to bypass the same-origin policy. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 88752 published 2016-02-16 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88752 title Firefox < 44.0.2 Service Workers Security Bypass (Mac OS X) NASL family Windows NASL id MOZILLA_FIREFOX_44_0_2.NASL description The version of Mozilla Firefox installed on the remote Windows host is prior to 44.0.2. It is, therefore, affected by a security bypass vulnerability due to improper restriction of interaction between service workers and plugins. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a crafted web site that triggers spoofed responses to requests that use NPAPI, to bypass the same-origin policy. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 88754 published 2016-02-16 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/88754 title Firefox < 44.0.2 Service Workers Security Bypass
References
- http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-02/msg00102.html
- http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-02/msg00142.html
- http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2016/mfsa2016-13.html
- http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035007
- http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2893-1
- https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1245724
- https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201605-06