Vulnerabilities > CVE-2012-4453 - Incorrect Default Permissions vulnerability in multiple products
Attack vector
UNKNOWN Attack complexity
UNKNOWN Privileges required
UNKNOWN Confidentiality impact
UNKNOWN Integrity impact
UNKNOWN Availability impact
UNKNOWN Summary
dracut.sh in dracut, as used in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, Fedora 16 and 17, and possibly other products, creates initramfs images with world-readable permissions, which might allow local users to obtain sensitive information.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by the authorization framework, whose job it is to map ACLs to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application or can run queries for data that he is otherwise not supposed to.
- Directory Indexing An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
- Footprinting An attacker engages in probing and exploration activity to identify constituents and properties of the target. Footprinting is a general term to describe a variety of information gathering techniques, often used by attackers in preparation for some attack. It consists of using tools to learn as much as possible about the composition, configuration, and security mechanisms of the targeted application, system or network. Information that might be collected during a footprinting effort could include open ports, applications and their versions, network topology, and similar information. While footprinting is not intended to be damaging (although certain activities, such as network scans, can sometimes cause disruptions to vulnerable applications inadvertently) it may often pave the way for more damaging attacks.
- Embedding Scripts within Scripts An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts. The attacker leverages this capability to execute scripts to execute his/her own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute. The attacker must have the ability to inject script into script that is likely to be executed. If this is done, then the attacker can potentially launch a variety of probes and attacks against the web server's local environment, in many cases the so-called DMZ, back end resources the web server can communicate with, and other hosts. With the proliferation of intermediaries, such as Web App Firewalls, network devices, and even printers having JVMs and Web servers, there are many locales where an attacker can inject malicious scripts. Since this attack pattern defines scripts within scripts, there are likely privileges to execute said attack on the host. Of course, these attacks are not solely limited to the server side, client side scripts like Ajax and client side JavaScript can contain malicious scripts as well. In general all that is required is for there to be sufficient privileges to execute a script, but not protected against writing.
- Web Logs Tampering Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.
Nessus
NASL family Red Hat Local Security Checks NASL id REDHAT-RHSA-2013-1527.NASL description An updated rhev-hypervisor6 package that fixes multiple security issues and one bug is now available. The Red Hat Security Response Team has rated this update as having important security impact. Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base scores, which give detailed severity ratings, are available for each vulnerability from the CVE links in the References section. The rhev-hypervisor6 package provides a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor ISO disk image. The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor is a dedicated Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) hypervisor. It includes everything necessary to run and manage virtual machines: a subset of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating environment and the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Agent. Note: Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor is only available for the Intel 64 and AMD64 architectures with virtualization extensions. Upgrade Note: If you upgrade the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor through the 3.2 Manager administration portal, the Host may appear with the status of last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 78979 published 2014-11-08 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2014-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/78979 title RHEL 6 : rhev-hypervisor6 (RHSA-2013:1527) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Red Hat Security Advisory RHSA-2013:1527. The text # itself is copyright (C) Red Hat, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(78979); script_version("1.13"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/24 15:35:37"); script_cve_id("CVE-2010-5107", "CVE-2013-2888", "CVE-2013-2889", "CVE-2013-2892", "CVE-2013-4238", "CVE-2013-4344"); script_bugtraq_id(58162, 61738, 62042, 62043, 62049, 62773); script_xref(name:"RHSA", value:"2013:1527"); script_name(english:"RHEL 6 : rhev-hypervisor6 (RHSA-2013:1527)"); script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated package"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value:"The remote Red Hat host is missing a security update." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "An updated rhev-hypervisor6 package that fixes multiple security issues and one bug is now available. The Red Hat Security Response Team has rated this update as having important security impact. Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base scores, which give detailed severity ratings, are available for each vulnerability from the CVE links in the References section. The rhev-hypervisor6 package provides a Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor ISO disk image. The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor is a dedicated Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) hypervisor. It includes everything necessary to run and manage virtual machines: a subset of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating environment and the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Agent. Note: Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor is only available for the Intel 64 and AMD64 architectures with virtualization extensions. Upgrade Note: If you upgrade the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor through the 3.2 Manager administration portal, the Host may appear with the status of 'Install Failed'. If this happens, place the host into maintenance mode, then activate it again to get the host back to an 'Up' state. A buffer overflow flaw was found in the way QEMU processed the SCSI 'REPORT LUNS' command when more than 256 LUNs were specified for a single SCSI target. A privileged guest user could use this flaw to corrupt QEMU process memory on the host, which could potentially result in arbitrary code execution on the host with the privileges of the QEMU process. (CVE-2013-4344) Multiple flaws were found in the way Linux kernel handled HID (Human Interface Device) reports. An attacker with physical access to the system could use this flaw to crash the system or, potentially, escalate their privileges on the system. (CVE-2013-2888, CVE-2013-2889, CVE-2013-2892) A flaw was found in the way the Python SSL module handled X.509 certificate fields that contain a NULL byte. An attacker could potentially exploit this flaw to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks to spoof SSL servers. Note that to exploit this issue, an attacker would need to obtain a carefully crafted certificate signed by an authority that the client trusts. (CVE-2013-4238) The default OpenSSH configuration made it easy for remote attackers to exhaust unauthorized connection slots and prevent other users from being able to log in to a system. This flaw has been addressed by enabling random early connection drops by setting MaxStartups to 10:30:100 by default. For more information, refer to the sshd_config(5) man page. (CVE-2010-5107) The CVE-2013-4344 issue was discovered by Asias He of Red Hat. This updated package provides updated components that include fixes for various security issues. These issues have no security impact on Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor itself, however. The security fixes included in this update address the following CVE numbers : CVE-2012-0786 and CVE-2012-0787 (augeas issues) CVE-2013-1813 (busybox issue) CVE-2013-0221, CVE-2013-0222, and CVE-2013-0223 (coreutils issues) CVE-2012-4453 (dracut issue) CVE-2013-4332, CVE-2013-0242, and CVE-2013-1914 (glibc issues) CVE-2013-4387, CVE-2013-0343, CVE-2013-4345, CVE-2013-4591, CVE-2013-4592, CVE-2012-6542, CVE-2013-3231, CVE-2013-1929, CVE-2012-6545, CVE-2013-1928, CVE-2013-2164, CVE-2013-2234, and CVE-2013-2851 (kernel issues) CVE-2013-4242 (libgcrypt issue) CVE-2013-4419 (libguestfs issue) CVE-2013-1775, CVE-2013-2776, and CVE-2013-2777 (sudo issues) This update also fixes the following bug : * A previous version of the rhev-hypervisor6 package did not contain the latest vhostmd package, which provides a 'metrics communication channel' between a host and its hosted virtual machines, allowing limited introspection of host resource usage from within virtual machines. This has been fixed, and rhev-hypervisor6 now includes the latest vhostmd package. (BZ#1026703) This update also contains the fixes from the following errata : * ovirt-node: https://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2013-1528.html Users of the Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor are advised to upgrade to this updated package, which corrects these issues." ); # https://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2013-1528.html script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2013:1528" ); # https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?c6b506c4" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013:1527" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2013-2888" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2013-2892" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2013-4344" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2010-5107" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2013-2889" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2013-4238" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected rhev-hypervisor6 package." ); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:H/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:rhev-hypervisor6"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2013/03/07"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2013/11/21"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2014/11/08"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2014-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"Red Hat Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/RedHat/release", "Host/RedHat/rpm-list", "Host/cpu"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); include("rpm.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); release = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/release"); if (isnull(release) || "Red Hat" >!< release) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat"); os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux.*release ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)", string:release); if (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, "Red Hat"); os_ver = os_ver[1]; if (! preg(pattern:"^6([^0-9]|$)", string:os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat 6.x", "Red Hat " + os_ver); if (!get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu"); if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "s390" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Red Hat", cpu); yum_updateinfo = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/yum-updateinfo"); if (!empty_or_null(yum_updateinfo)) { rhsa = "RHSA-2013:1527"; yum_report = redhat_generate_yum_updateinfo_report(rhsa:rhsa); if (!empty_or_null(yum_report)) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : yum_report ); exit(0); } else { audit_message = "affected by Red Hat security advisory " + rhsa; audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, audit_message); } } else { flag = 0; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL6", reference:"rhev-hypervisor6-6.5-20131115.0.3.2.el6_5")) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : rpm_report_get() + redhat_report_package_caveat() ); exit(0); } else { tested = pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "rhev-hypervisor6"); } }
NASL family Amazon Linux Local Security Checks NASL id ALA_ALAS-2013-257.NASL description It was discovered that dracut created initramfs images as world readable. A local user could possibly use this flaw to obtain sensitive information from these files, such as iSCSI authentication passwords, encrypted root file system crypttab passwords, or other information. (CVE-2012-4453) last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 71397 published 2013-12-14 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2013-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/71397 title Amazon Linux AMI : dracut (ALAS-2013-257) NASL family Oracle Linux Local Security Checks NASL id ORACLELINUX_ELSA-2013-1674.NASL description From Red Hat Security Advisory 2013:1674 : Updated dracut packages that fix one security issue, several bugs, and add two enhancements are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. The Red Hat Security Response Team has rated this update as having moderate security impact. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available from the CVE link in the References section. The dracut packages include an event-driven initramfs generator infrastructure based on the udev device manager. The virtual file system, initramfs, is loaded together with the kernel at boot time and initializes the system, so it can read and boot from the root partition. It was discovered that dracut created initramfs images as world readable. A local user could possibly use this flaw to obtain sensitive information from these files, such as iSCSI authentication passwords, encrypted root file system crypttab passwords, or other information. (CVE-2012-4453) This issue was discovered by Peter Jones of the Red Hat Installer Team. These updated dracut packages include numerous bug fixes and two enhancements. Space precludes documenting all of these changes in this advisory. Users are directed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5 Technical Notes, linked to in the References, for information on the most significant of these changes. All dracut users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages, which contain backported patches to correct these issues and add these enhancements. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 71111 published 2013-11-27 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2013-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/71111 title Oracle Linux 6 : dracut (ELSA-2013-1674) NASL family Fedora Local Security Checks NASL id FEDORA_2012-16448.NASL description - fixed ifup exit code - fixed default last seen 2020-03-17 modified 2012-10-25 plugin id 62698 published 2012-10-25 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62698 title Fedora 18 : dracut-024-5.git20121019.fc18 (2012-16448) NASL family Scientific Linux Local Security Checks NASL id SL_20131121_DRACUT_ON_SL6_X.NASL description It was discovered that dracut created initramfs images as world readable. A local user could possibly use this flaw to obtain sensitive information from these files, such as iSCSI authentication passwords, encrypted root file system crypttab passwords, or other information. (CVE-2012-4453) last seen 2020-03-18 modified 2013-12-10 plugin id 71297 published 2013-12-10 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2013-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/71297 title Scientific Linux Security Update : dracut on SL6.x (noarch) (20131121) NASL family Fedora Local Security Checks NASL id FEDORA_2012-14959.NASL description dracut-018-60.git20120927 - run dracut-shutdown.service before shutdown.target Resolves: rhbz#840120 - do not create the initramfs world readable Resolves: rhbz#859448 - mdraid: do the dracut shutdown, if a md raid is found - mdraid: handle nested md raids - mdraid: wait until devices are clean on shutdown Resolves: rhbz#732297 rhbz#840562 Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues. last seen 2020-03-17 modified 2012-10-15 plugin id 62526 published 2012-10-15 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62526 title Fedora 16 : dracut-018-60.git20120927.fc16 (2012-14959) NASL family Red Hat Local Security Checks NASL id REDHAT-RHSA-2013-1674.NASL description Updated dracut packages that fix one security issue, several bugs, and add two enhancements are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. The Red Hat Security Response Team has rated this update as having moderate security impact. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available from the CVE link in the References section. The dracut packages include an event-driven initramfs generator infrastructure based on the udev device manager. The virtual file system, initramfs, is loaded together with the kernel at boot time and initializes the system, so it can read and boot from the root partition. It was discovered that dracut created initramfs images as world readable. A local user could possibly use this flaw to obtain sensitive information from these files, such as iSCSI authentication passwords, encrypted root file system crypttab passwords, or other information. (CVE-2012-4453) This issue was discovered by Peter Jones of the Red Hat Installer Team. These updated dracut packages include numerous bug fixes and two enhancements. Space precludes documenting all of these changes in this advisory. Users are directed to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5 Technical Notes, linked to in the References, for information on the most significant of these changes. All dracut users are advised to upgrade to these updated packages, which contain backported patches to correct these issues and add these enhancements. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 71016 published 2013-11-21 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2013-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/71016 title RHEL 6 : dracut (RHSA-2013:1674) NASL family Fedora Local Security Checks NASL id FEDORA_2012-14953.NASL description dracut-018-105.git20120927 - enable the use of the nbd port with e.g. last seen 2020-03-17 modified 2012-10-15 plugin id 62525 published 2012-10-15 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62525 title Fedora 17 : dracut-018-105.git20120927.fc17 (2012-14953)
Redhat
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References
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/09/27/4
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/09/27/6
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=859448
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/09/27/3
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/55713
- http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-1674.html
- https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/79258
- http://git.kernel.org/?p=boot/dracut/dracut.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=e1b48995c26c4f06d1a71