Vulnerabilities > CVE-2004-1058
Attack vector
LOCAL Attack complexity
HIGH Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
NONE Summary
Race condition in Linux kernel 2.6 allows local users to read the environment variables of another process that is still spawning via /proc/.../cmdline.
Vulnerable Configurations
Nessus
NASL family Ubuntu Local Security Checks NASL id UBUNTU_USN-38-1.NASL description CAN-2004-0814 : Vitaly V. Bursov discovered a Denial of Service vulnerability in the last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 20654 published 2006-01-15 reporter Ubuntu Security Notice (C) 2004-2019 Canonical, Inc. / NASL script (C) 2006-2016 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/20654 title Ubuntu 4.10 : linux-source-2.6.8.1 vulnerabilities (USN-38-1) code #%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80502 # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Ubuntu Security Notice USN-38-1. The text # itself is copyright (C) Canonical, Inc. See # <http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/>. Ubuntu(R) is a registered # trademark of Canonical, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(20654); script_version("1.16"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/08/02 13:33:00"); script_cve_id("CVE-2004-0814", "CVE-2004-1016", "CVE-2004-1056", "CVE-2004-1058", "CVE-2004-1068", "CVE-2004-1069", "CVE-2004-1137", "CVE-2004-1151"); script_xref(name:"USN", value:"38-1"); script_name(english:"Ubuntu 4.10 : linux-source-2.6.8.1 vulnerabilities (USN-38-1)"); script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for updated packages."); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote Ubuntu host is missing one or more security-related patches." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "CAN-2004-0814 : Vitaly V. Bursov discovered a Denial of Service vulnerability in the 'serio' code; opening the same tty device twice and doing some particular operations on it caused a kernel panic and/or a system lockup. Fixing this vulnerability required a change in the Application Binary Interface (ABI) of the kernel. This means that third-party user installed modules might not work any more with the new kernel, so this fixed kernel got a new ABI version number. You have to recompile and reinstall all third-party modules. CAN-2004-1016 : Paul Starzetz discovered a buffer overflow vulnerability in the '__scm_send' function which handles the sending of UDP network packets. A wrong validity check of the cmsghdr structure allowed a local attacker to modify kernel memory, thus causing an endless loop (Denial of Service) or possibly even root privilege escalation. CAN-2004-1056 : Thomas Hellstrom discovered a Denial of Service vulnerability in the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) drivers. Due to an insufficient DMA lock checking, any authorized client could send arbitrary values to the video card, which could cause an X server crash or modification of the video output. CAN-2004-1058 : Rob Landley discovered a race condition in the handling of /proc/.../cmdline. Under very rare circumstances an user could read the environment variables of another process that was still spawning. Environment variables are often used to pass passwords and other private information to other processes. CAN-2004-1068 : A race condition was discovered in the handling of AF_UNIX network packets. This reportedly allowed local users to modify arbitrary kernel memory, facilitating privilege escalation, or possibly allowing code execution in the context of the kernel. CAN-2004-1069 : Ross Kendall Axe discovered a possible kernel panic (causing a Denial of Service) while sending AF_UNIX network packages if the kernel options CONFIG_SECURITY_NETWORK and CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX are enabled. This is not the case in the kernel packages shipped in Warty Warthog; however, if you recompiled the kernel using SELinux, you are affected by this flaw. CAN-2004-1137 : Paul Starzetz discovered several flaws in the IGMP handling code. This allowed users to provoke a Denial of Service, read kernel memory, and execute arbitrary code with root privileges. This flaw is also exploitable remotely if an application has bound a multicast socket. CAN-2004-1151 : Jeremy Fitzhardinge discovered two buffer overflows in the sys32_ni_syscall() and sys32_vm86_warning() functions. This could possibly be exploited to overwrite kernel memory with attacker-supplied code and cause root privilege escalation. This vulnerability only affects the amd64 architecture. Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Ubuntu security advisory. 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if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6-686-smp", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6-amd64-generic", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6-amd64-k8", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6-amd64-k8-smp", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6-amd64-xeon", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-386", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-686", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-686-smp", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-amd64-generic", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-amd64-k8", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-amd64-k8-smp", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-2.6.8.1-4-amd64-xeon", pkgver:"2.6.8.1.3-5")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-386", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-686", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-686-smp", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-amd64-generic", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-amd64-k8", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-amd64-k8-smp", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-restricted-modules-amd64-xeon", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-14")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-source-2.6.8.1", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-16.3")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"linux-tree-2.6.8.1", pkgver:"2.6.8.1-16.3")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"nvidia-glx", pkgver:"1.0.6111-1ubuntu8")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"nvidia-glx-dev", pkgver:"1.0.6111-1ubuntu8")) flag++; if (ubuntu_check(osver:"4.10", pkgname:"nvidia-kernel-source", pkgver:"1.0.6111-1ubuntu8")) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_HOLE, extra : ubuntu_report_get() ); exit(0); } else { tested = ubuntu_pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "fglrx-control / fglrx-driver / fglrx-driver-dev / linux-386 / etc"); }
NASL family Red Hat Local Security Checks NASL id REDHAT-RHSA-2006-0191.NASL description Updated kernel packages that fix a number of security issues as well as other bugs are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 (32 bit architectures) This security advisory has been rated as having important security impact by the Red Hat Security Response Team. The Linux kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system. These new kernel packages contain fixes for the security issues described below : - a flaw in network IGMP processing that a allowed a remote user on the local network to cause a denial of service (disabling of multicast reports) if the system is running multicast applications (CVE-2002-2185, moderate) - a race condition that allowed local users to read the environment variables of another process (CVE-2004-1058, low) - a flaw in the open_exec function of execve that allowed a local user to read setuid ELF binaries that should otherwise be protected by standard permissions. (CVE-2004-1073, moderate). Red Hat originally reported this flaw as being fixed by RHSA-2004:504, but a patch for this issue was missing from that update. - a flaw in the coda module that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly gain privileges (CVE-2005-0124, moderate) - a potential leak of kernel data from ext2 file system handling (CVE-2005-0400, low) - flaws in ISO-9660 file system handling that allowed the mounting of an invalid image on a CD-ROM to cause a denial of service (crash) or potentially execute arbitrary code (CVE-2005-0815, moderate) - a flaw in gzip/zlib handling internal to the kernel that may allow a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) (CVE-2005-2458, low) - a flaw in procfs handling during unloading of modules that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service or potentially gain privileges (CVE-2005-2709, moderate) - a flaw in IPv6 network UDP port hash table lookups that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (hang) (CVE-2005-2973, important) - a network buffer info leak using the orinoco driver that allowed a remote user to possibly view uninitialized data (CVE-2005-3180, important) - a flaw in IPv4 network TCP and UDP netfilter handling that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) (CVE-2005-3275, important) - a flaw in the IPv6 flowlabel code that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) (CVE-2005-3806, important) The following bugs were also addressed : - Handle set_brk() errors in binfmt_elf/aout - Correct error handling in shmem_ioctl - Correct scsi error return - Fix netdump time keeping bug - Fix netdump link-down freeze - Fix FAT fs deadlock All Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 users are advised to upgrade their kernels to the packages associated with their machine architectures and configurations as listed in this erratum. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 20855 published 2006-02-05 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2006-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/20855 title RHEL 2.1 : kernel (RHSA-2006:0191) code #%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80502 # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Red Hat Security Advisory RHSA-2006:0191. The text # itself is copyright (C) Red Hat, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(20855); script_version ("1.23"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/25 13:36:11"); script_cve_id("CVE-2002-2185", "CVE-2004-1058", "CVE-2004-1073", "CVE-2005-0124", "CVE-2005-0400", "CVE-2005-0815", "CVE-2005-2458", "CVE-2005-2709", "CVE-2005-2973", "CVE-2005-3180", "CVE-2005-3275", "CVE-2005-3806"); script_xref(name:"RHSA", value:"2006:0191"); script_name(english:"RHEL 2.1 : kernel (RHSA-2006:0191)"); script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value:"The remote Red Hat host is missing one or more security updates." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "Updated kernel packages that fix a number of security issues as well as other bugs are now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 (32 bit architectures) This security advisory has been rated as having important security impact by the Red Hat Security Response Team. The Linux kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system. These new kernel packages contain fixes for the security issues described below : - a flaw in network IGMP processing that a allowed a remote user on the local network to cause a denial of service (disabling of multicast reports) if the system is running multicast applications (CVE-2002-2185, moderate) - a race condition that allowed local users to read the environment variables of another process (CVE-2004-1058, low) - a flaw in the open_exec function of execve that allowed a local user to read setuid ELF binaries that should otherwise be protected by standard permissions. (CVE-2004-1073, moderate). Red Hat originally reported this flaw as being fixed by RHSA-2004:504, but a patch for this issue was missing from that update. - a flaw in the coda module that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly gain privileges (CVE-2005-0124, moderate) - a potential leak of kernel data from ext2 file system handling (CVE-2005-0400, low) - flaws in ISO-9660 file system handling that allowed the mounting of an invalid image on a CD-ROM to cause a denial of service (crash) or potentially execute arbitrary code (CVE-2005-0815, moderate) - a flaw in gzip/zlib handling internal to the kernel that may allow a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) (CVE-2005-2458, low) - a flaw in procfs handling during unloading of modules that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service or potentially gain privileges (CVE-2005-2709, moderate) - a flaw in IPv6 network UDP port hash table lookups that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (hang) (CVE-2005-2973, important) - a network buffer info leak using the orinoco driver that allowed a remote user to possibly view uninitialized data (CVE-2005-3180, important) - a flaw in IPv4 network TCP and UDP netfilter handling that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) (CVE-2005-3275, important) - a flaw in the IPv6 flowlabel code that allowed a local user to cause a denial of service (crash) (CVE-2005-3806, important) The following bugs were also addressed : - Handle set_brk() errors in binfmt_elf/aout - Correct error handling in shmem_ioctl - Correct scsi error return - Fix netdump time keeping bug - Fix netdump link-down freeze - Fix FAT fs deadlock All Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2.1 users are advised to upgrade their kernels to the packages associated with their machine architectures and configurations as listed in this erratum." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2002-2185" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-1058" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-1073" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0124" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0400" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0815" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-2458" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-2709" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-2973" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-3180" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-3275" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-3806" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2006:0191" ); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:C/A:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-BOOT"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-debug"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-doc"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-enterprise"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-headers"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-smp"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-source"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-summit"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:2.1"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2002/12/31"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2006/02/01"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2006/02/05"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2006-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"Red Hat Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "linux_alt_patch_detect.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/RedHat/release", "Host/RedHat/rpm-list", "Host/cpu"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); include("rpm.inc"); include("ksplice.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); release = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/release"); if (isnull(release) || "Red Hat" >!< release) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat"); os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux.*release ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)", string:release); if (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, "Red Hat"); os_ver = os_ver[1]; if (! preg(pattern:"^2\.1([^0-9]|$)", string:os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat 2.1", "Red Hat " + os_ver); if (!get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu"); if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "s390" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Red Hat", cpu); if (get_one_kb_item("Host/ksplice/kernel-cves")) { rm_kb_item(name:"Host/uptrack-uname-r"); cve_list = make_list("CVE-2002-2185", "CVE-2004-1058", "CVE-2004-1073", "CVE-2005-0124", "CVE-2005-0400", "CVE-2005-0815", "CVE-2005-2458", "CVE-2005-2709", "CVE-2005-2973", "CVE-2005-3180", "CVE-2005-3275", "CVE-2005-3806"); if (ksplice_cves_check(cve_list)) { audit(AUDIT_PATCH_INSTALLED, "KSplice hotfix for RHSA-2006:0191"); } else { __rpm_report = ksplice_reporting_text(); } } yum_updateinfo = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/yum-updateinfo"); if (!empty_or_null(yum_updateinfo)) { rhsa = "RHSA-2006:0191"; yum_report = redhat_generate_yum_updateinfo_report(rhsa:rhsa); if (!empty_or_null(yum_report)) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : yum_report ); exit(0); } else { audit_message = "affected by Red Hat security advisory " + rhsa; audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, audit_message); } } else { flag = 0; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i386", reference:"kernel-BOOT-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-debug-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i386", reference:"kernel-doc-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-enterprise-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i386", reference:"kernel-headers-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-smp-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i386", reference:"kernel-source-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL2.1", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-summit-2.4.9-e.68")) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : rpm_report_get() + redhat_report_package_caveat() ); exit(0); } else { tested = pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "kernel / kernel-BOOT / kernel-debug / kernel-doc / etc"); } }
NASL family Red Hat Local Security Checks NASL id REDHAT-RHSA-2005-293.NASL description Updated kernel packages that fix several security issues in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 kernel are now available. This security advisory has been rated as having important security impact by the Red Hat Security Response Team. The Linux kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system. The following security issues were fixed : The Vicam USB driver did not use the copy_from_user function to access userspace, crossing security boundaries. (CVE-2004-0075) The ext3 and jfs code did not properly initialize journal descriptor blocks. A privileged local user could read portions of kernel memory. (CVE-2004-0177) The terminal layer did not properly lock line discipline changes or pending IO. An unprivileged local user could read portions of kernel memory, or cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2004-0814) A race condition was discovered. Local users could use this flaw to read the environment variables of another process that is still spawning via /proc/.../cmdline. (CVE-2004-1058) A flaw in the execve() syscall handling was discovered, allowing a local user to read setuid ELF binaries that should otherwise be protected by standard permissions. (CVE-2004-1073). Red Hat originally reported this as being fixed by RHSA-2004:549, but the associated fix was missing from that update. Keith Owens reported a flaw in the Itanium unw_unwind_to_user() function. A local user could use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the Itanium architecture. (CVE-2005-0135) A missing Itanium syscall table entry could allow an unprivileged local user to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the Itanium architecture. (CVE-2005-0137) A flaw affecting the OUTS instruction on the AMD64 and Intel EM64T architectures was discovered. A local user could use this flaw to access privileged IO ports. (CVE-2005-0204) A flaw was discovered in the Linux PPP driver. On systems allowing remote users to connect to a server using ppp, a remote client could cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2005-0384) A flaw in the Red Hat backport of NPTL to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 was discovered that left a pointer to a freed tty structure. A local user could potentially use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly gain read or write access to ttys that should normally be prevented. (CVE-2005-0403) A flaw in fragment queuing was discovered affecting the netfilter subsystem. On systems configured to filter or process network packets (for example those configured to do firewalling), a remote attacker could send a carefully crafted set of fragmented packets to a machine and cause a denial of service (system crash). In order to sucessfully exploit this flaw, the attacker would need to know (or guess) some aspects of the firewall ruleset in place on the target system to be able to craft the right fragmented packets. (CVE-2005-0449) Missing validation of an epoll_wait() system call parameter could allow a local user to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the IBM S/390 and zSeries architectures. (CVE-2005-0736) A flaw when freeing a pointer in load_elf_library was discovered. A local user could potentially use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2005-0749) A flaw was discovered in the bluetooth driver system. On system where the bluetooth modules are loaded, a local user could use this flaw to gain elevated (root) privileges. (CVE-2005-0750) In addition to the security issues listed above, there was an important fix made to the handling of the msync() system call for a particular case in which the call could return without queuing modified mmap() last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 18128 published 2005-04-25 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2005-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/18128 title RHEL 3 : kernel (RHSA-2005:293) code #%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80502 # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Red Hat Security Advisory RHSA-2005:293. The text # itself is copyright (C) Red Hat, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(18128); script_version ("1.33"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/10/25 13:36:11"); script_cve_id("CVE-2004-0075", "CVE-2004-0177", "CVE-2004-0814", "CVE-2004-1058", "CVE-2004-1073", "CVE-2005-0135", "CVE-2005-0137", "CVE-2005-0204", "CVE-2005-0384", "CVE-2005-0403", "CVE-2005-0449", "CVE-2005-0736", "CVE-2005-0749", "CVE-2005-0750"); script_xref(name:"RHSA", value:"2005:293"); script_name(english:"RHEL 3 : kernel (RHSA-2005:293)"); script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value:"The remote Red Hat host is missing one or more security updates." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "Updated kernel packages that fix several security issues in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 kernel are now available. This security advisory has been rated as having important security impact by the Red Hat Security Response Team. The Linux kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system. The following security issues were fixed : The Vicam USB driver did not use the copy_from_user function to access userspace, crossing security boundaries. (CVE-2004-0075) The ext3 and jfs code did not properly initialize journal descriptor blocks. A privileged local user could read portions of kernel memory. (CVE-2004-0177) The terminal layer did not properly lock line discipline changes or pending IO. An unprivileged local user could read portions of kernel memory, or cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2004-0814) A race condition was discovered. Local users could use this flaw to read the environment variables of another process that is still spawning via /proc/.../cmdline. (CVE-2004-1058) A flaw in the execve() syscall handling was discovered, allowing a local user to read setuid ELF binaries that should otherwise be protected by standard permissions. (CVE-2004-1073). Red Hat originally reported this as being fixed by RHSA-2004:549, but the associated fix was missing from that update. Keith Owens reported a flaw in the Itanium unw_unwind_to_user() function. A local user could use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the Itanium architecture. (CVE-2005-0135) A missing Itanium syscall table entry could allow an unprivileged local user to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the Itanium architecture. (CVE-2005-0137) A flaw affecting the OUTS instruction on the AMD64 and Intel EM64T architectures was discovered. A local user could use this flaw to access privileged IO ports. (CVE-2005-0204) A flaw was discovered in the Linux PPP driver. On systems allowing remote users to connect to a server using ppp, a remote client could cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2005-0384) A flaw in the Red Hat backport of NPTL to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 was discovered that left a pointer to a freed tty structure. A local user could potentially use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly gain read or write access to ttys that should normally be prevented. (CVE-2005-0403) A flaw in fragment queuing was discovered affecting the netfilter subsystem. On systems configured to filter or process network packets (for example those configured to do firewalling), a remote attacker could send a carefully crafted set of fragmented packets to a machine and cause a denial of service (system crash). In order to sucessfully exploit this flaw, the attacker would need to know (or guess) some aspects of the firewall ruleset in place on the target system to be able to craft the right fragmented packets. (CVE-2005-0449) Missing validation of an epoll_wait() system call parameter could allow a local user to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the IBM S/390 and zSeries architectures. (CVE-2005-0736) A flaw when freeing a pointer in load_elf_library was discovered. A local user could potentially use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2005-0749) A flaw was discovered in the bluetooth driver system. On system where the bluetooth modules are loaded, a local user could use this flaw to gain elevated (root) privileges. (CVE-2005-0750) In addition to the security issues listed above, there was an important fix made to the handling of the msync() system call for a particular case in which the call could return without queuing modified mmap()'ed data for file system update. (BZ 147969) Note: The kernel-unsupported package contains various drivers and modules that are unsupported and therefore might contain security problems that have not been addressed. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 users are advised to upgrade their kernels to the packages associated with their machine architectures/configurations Please note that the fix for CVE-2005-0449 required changing the external symbol linkages (kernel module ABI) for the ip_defrag() and ip_ct_gather_frags() functions. Any third-party module using either of these would also need to be fixed." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-0075" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-0177" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-0814" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-1058" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2004-1073" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0135" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0137" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0204" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0384" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0403" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0449" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0736" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0749" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2005-0750" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2005:293" ); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C"); script_cwe_id(20); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-BOOT"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-doc"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-hugemem"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-hugemem-unsupported"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-smp"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-smp-unsupported"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-source"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:kernel-unsupported"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:3"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2004/03/15"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2005/04/22"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2005/04/25"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2005-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"Red Hat Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "linux_alt_patch_detect.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/RedHat/release", "Host/RedHat/rpm-list", "Host/cpu"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); include("rpm.inc"); include("ksplice.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); release = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/release"); if (isnull(release) || "Red Hat" >!< release) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat"); os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: "Red Hat Enterprise Linux.*release ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?)", string:release); if (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, "Red Hat"); os_ver = os_ver[1]; if (! preg(pattern:"^3([^0-9]|$)", string:os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Red Hat 3.x", "Red Hat " + os_ver); if (!get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu"); if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "s390" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Red Hat", cpu); if (get_one_kb_item("Host/ksplice/kernel-cves")) { rm_kb_item(name:"Host/uptrack-uname-r"); cve_list = make_list("CVE-2004-0075", "CVE-2004-0177", "CVE-2004-0814", "CVE-2004-1058", "CVE-2004-1073", "CVE-2005-0135", "CVE-2005-0137", "CVE-2005-0204", "CVE-2005-0384", "CVE-2005-0403", "CVE-2005-0449", "CVE-2005-0736", "CVE-2005-0749", "CVE-2005-0750"); if (ksplice_cves_check(cve_list)) { audit(AUDIT_PATCH_INSTALLED, "KSplice hotfix for RHSA-2005:293"); } else { __rpm_report = ksplice_reporting_text(); } } yum_updateinfo = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/yum-updateinfo"); if (!empty_or_null(yum_updateinfo)) { rhsa = "RHSA-2005:293"; yum_report = redhat_generate_yum_updateinfo_report(rhsa:rhsa); if (!empty_or_null(yum_report)) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_HOLE, extra : yum_report ); exit(0); } else { audit_message = "affected by Red Hat security advisory " + rhsa; audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, audit_message); } } else { flag = 0; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", reference:"kernel-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"i386", reference:"kernel-BOOT-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", reference:"kernel-doc-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-hugemem-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-hugemem-unsupported-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-smp-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"x86_64", reference:"kernel-smp-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"i686", reference:"kernel-smp-unsupported-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", cpu:"x86_64", reference:"kernel-smp-unsupported-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", reference:"kernel-source-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (rpm_check(release:"RHEL3", reference:"kernel-unsupported-2.4.21-27.0.4.EL")) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_HOLE, extra : rpm_report_get() + redhat_report_package_caveat() ); exit(0); } else { tested = pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "kernel / kernel-BOOT / kernel-doc / kernel-hugemem / etc"); } }
NASL family Gentoo Local Security Checks NASL id GENTOO_GLSA-200408-24.NASL description The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-200408-24 (Linux Kernel: Multiple information leaks) The Linux kernel allows a local attacker to obtain sensitive kernel information by gaining access to kernel memory via several leaks in the /proc interfaces. These vulnerabilities exist in various drivers which make up a working Linux kernel, some of which are present across all architectures and configurations. CAN-2004-0415 deals with addressing invalid 32 to 64 bit conversions in the kernel, as well as insecure direct access to file offset pointers in kernel code which can be modified by the open(...), lseek(...) and other core system I/O functions by an attacker. CAN-2004-0685 deals with certain USB drivers using uninitialized structures and then using the copy_to_user(...) kernel call to copy these structures. This may leak uninitialized kernel memory, which can contain sensitive information from user applications. Finally, a race condition with the /proc/.../cmdline node was found, allowing environment variables to be read while the process was still spawning. If the race is won, environment variables of the process, which might not be owned by the attacker, can be read. Impact : These vulnerabilities allow a local unprivileged attacker to access segments of kernel memory or environment variables which may contain sensitive information. Kernel memory may contain passwords, data transferred between processes and any memory which applications did not clear upon exiting as well as the kernel cache and kernel buffers. This information may be used to read sensitive data, open other attack vectors for further exploitation or cause a Denial of Service if the attacker can gain superuser access via the leaked information. Workaround : There is no temporary workaround for any of these information leaks other than totally disabling /proc support - otherwise, a kernel upgrade is required. A list of unaffected kernels is provided along with this announcement. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 14580 published 2004-08-30 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2004-2019 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/14580 title GLSA-200408-24 : Linux Kernel: Multiple information leaks NASL family Debian Local Security Checks NASL id DEBIAN_DSA-1018.NASL description The original update lacked recompiled ALSA modules against the new kernel ABI. Furthermore, kernel-latest-2.4-sparc now correctly depends on the updated packages. For completeness we last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 22560 published 2006-10-14 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2006-2019 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/22560 title Debian DSA-1018-2 : kernel-source-2.4.27 - several vulnerabilities NASL family CentOS Local Security Checks NASL id CENTOS_RHSA-2005-293.NASL description Updated kernel packages that fix several security issues in the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 kernel are now available. This security advisory has been rated as having important security impact by the Red Hat Security Response Team. The Linux kernel handles the basic functions of the operating system. The following security issues were fixed : The Vicam USB driver did not use the copy_from_user function to access userspace, crossing security boundaries. (CVE-2004-0075) The ext3 and jfs code did not properly initialize journal descriptor blocks. A privileged local user could read portions of kernel memory. (CVE-2004-0177) The terminal layer did not properly lock line discipline changes or pending IO. An unprivileged local user could read portions of kernel memory, or cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2004-0814) A race condition was discovered. Local users could use this flaw to read the environment variables of another process that is still spawning via /proc/.../cmdline. (CVE-2004-1058) A flaw in the execve() syscall handling was discovered, allowing a local user to read setuid ELF binaries that should otherwise be protected by standard permissions. (CVE-2004-1073). Red Hat originally reported this as being fixed by RHSA-2004:549, but the associated fix was missing from that update. Keith Owens reported a flaw in the Itanium unw_unwind_to_user() function. A local user could use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the Itanium architecture. (CVE-2005-0135) A missing Itanium syscall table entry could allow an unprivileged local user to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the Itanium architecture. (CVE-2005-0137) A flaw affecting the OUTS instruction on the AMD64 and Intel EM64T architectures was discovered. A local user could use this flaw to access privileged IO ports. (CVE-2005-0204) A flaw was discovered in the Linux PPP driver. On systems allowing remote users to connect to a server using ppp, a remote client could cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2005-0384) A flaw in the Red Hat backport of NPTL to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 was discovered that left a pointer to a freed tty structure. A local user could potentially use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash) or possibly gain read or write access to ttys that should normally be prevented. (CVE-2005-0403) A flaw in fragment queuing was discovered affecting the netfilter subsystem. On systems configured to filter or process network packets (for example those configured to do firewalling), a remote attacker could send a carefully crafted set of fragmented packets to a machine and cause a denial of service (system crash). In order to sucessfully exploit this flaw, the attacker would need to know (or guess) some aspects of the firewall ruleset in place on the target system to be able to craft the right fragmented packets. (CVE-2005-0449) Missing validation of an epoll_wait() system call parameter could allow a local user to cause a denial of service (system crash) on the IBM S/390 and zSeries architectures. (CVE-2005-0736) A flaw when freeing a pointer in load_elf_library was discovered. A local user could potentially use this flaw to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2005-0749) A flaw was discovered in the bluetooth driver system. On system where the bluetooth modules are loaded, a local user could use this flaw to gain elevated (root) privileges. (CVE-2005-0750) In addition to the security issues listed above, there was an important fix made to the handling of the msync() system call for a particular case in which the call could return without queuing modified mmap() last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 21923 published 2006-07-05 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2006-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/21923 title CentOS 3 : kernel (CESA-2005:293) NASL family Mandriva Local Security Checks NASL id MANDRAKE_MDKSA-2005-022.NASL description A number of vulnerabilities are fixed in the 2.4 and 2.6 kernels with this advisory : - Multiple race conditions in the terminal layer of 2.4 and 2.6 kernels (prior to 2.6.9) can allow a local attacker to obtain portions of kernel data or allow remote attackers to cause a kernel panic by switching from console to PPP line discipline, then quickly sending data that is received during the switch (CVE-2004-0814) - Richard Hart found an integer underflow problem in the iptables firewall logging rules that can allow a remote attacker to crash the machine by using a specially crafted IP packet. This is only possible, however, if firewalling is enabled. The problem only affects 2.6 kernels and was fixed upstream in 2.6.8 (CVE-2004-0816) - Stefan Esser found several remote DoS confitions in the smbfs file system. This could be exploited by a hostile SMB server (or an attacker injecting packets into the network) to crash the client systems (CVE-2004-0883 and CVE-2004-0949) - Paul Starzetz and Georgi Guninski reported, independently, that bad argument handling and bad integer arithmetics in the IPv4 sendmsg handling of control messages could lead to a local attacker crashing the machine. The fixes were done by Herbert Xu (CVE-2004-1016) - Rob Landley discovered a race condition in the handling of /proc/.../cmdline where, under rare circumstances, a user could read the environment variables of another process that was still spawning leading to the potential disclosure of sensitive information such as passwords (CVE-2004-1058) - Paul Starzetz reported that the missing serialization in unix_dgram_recvmsg() which was added to kernel 2.4.28 can be used by a local attacker to gain elevated (root) privileges (CVE-2004-1068) - Ross Kendall Axe discovered a possible kernel panic (DoS) while sending AF_UNIX network packets if certain SELinux-related kernel options were enabled. By default the CONFIG_SECURITY_NETWORK and CONFIG_SECURITY_SELINUX options are not enabled (CVE-2004-1069) - Paul Starzetz of isec.pl discovered several issues with the error handling of the ELF loader routines in the kernel. The fixes were provided by Chris Wright (CVE-2004-1070, CVE-2004-1071, CVE-2004-1072, CVE-2004-1073) - It was discovered that hand-crafted a.out binaries could be used to trigger a local DoS condition in both the 2.4 and 2.6 kernels. The fixes were done by Chris Wright (CVE-2004-1074) - Paul Starzetz found bad handling in the IGMP code which could lead to a local attacker being able to crash the machine. The fix was done by Chris Wright (CVE-2004-1137) - Jeremy Fitzhardinge discovered two buffer overflows in the sys32_ni_syscall() and sys32_vm86_warning() functions that could be used to overwrite kernel memory with attacker-supplied code resulting in privilege escalation (CVE-2004-1151) - Paul Starzetz found locally exploitable flaws in the binary format loader last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 16259 published 2005-01-26 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2005-2019 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/16259 title Mandrake Linux Security Advisory : kernel (MDKSA-2005:022)
Oval
accepted | 2013-04-29T04:05:36.089-04:00 | ||||||||
class | vulnerability | ||||||||
contributors |
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definition_extensions |
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description | Race condition in Linux kernel 2.6 allows local users to read the environment variables of another process that is still spawning via /proc/.../cmdline. | ||||||||
family | unix | ||||||||
id | oval:org.mitre.oval:def:10427 | ||||||||
status | accepted | ||||||||
submitted | 2010-07-09T03:56:16-04:00 | ||||||||
title | Race condition in Linux kernel 2.6 allows local users to read the environment variables of another process that is still spawning via /proc/.../cmdline. | ||||||||
version | 26 |
Redhat
advisories |
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rpms |
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References
- ftp://patches.sgi.com/support/free/security/advisories/20060402-01-U
- http://lists.suse.de/archive/suse-security-announce/2006-Feb/0010.html
- http://secunia.com/advisories/18684
- http://secunia.com/advisories/19038
- http://secunia.com/advisories/19369
- http://secunia.com/advisories/19607
- http://secunia.com/advisories/21476
- http://www.debian.org/security/2006/dsa-1018
- http://www.gentoo.org/security/en/glsa/glsa-200408-24.xml
- http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDKSA-2005:022
- http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2005-293.html
- http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2006-0190.html
- http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2006-0191.html
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11052
- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11937
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=152532
- https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/17151
- https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A10427
- https://usn.ubuntu.com/38-1/