Vulnerabilities > CVE-2020-0688 - Improper Authentication vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange Server
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
LOW Confidentiality impact
HIGH Integrity impact
HIGH Availability impact
HIGH Summary
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability'.
Vulnerable Configurations
| Part | Description | Count |
|---|---|---|
| Application | 6 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Authentication Abuse An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker. This attack may exploit assumptions made by the target's authentication procedures, such as assumptions regarding trust relationships or assumptions regarding the generation of secret values. This attack differs from Authentication Bypass attacks in that Authentication Abuse allows the attacker to be certified as a valid user through illegitimate means, while Authentication Bypass allows the user to access protected material without ever being certified as an authenticated user. This attack does not rely on prior sessions established by successfully authenticating users, as relied upon for the "Exploitation of Session Variables, Resource IDs and other Trusted Credentials" attack patterns.
- Exploiting Trust in Client (aka Make the Client Invisible) An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by placing themselves in the communication channel between client and server such that communication directly to the server is possible where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
- Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Register Man in the Middle This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to place man in the middle once SSL is terminated. Rest applications premise is that they leverage existing infrastructure to deliver web services functionality. An example of this is a Rest application that uses HTTP Get methods and receives a HTTP response with an XML document. These Rest style web services are deployed on existing infrastructure such as Apache and IIS web servers with no SOAP stack required. Unfortunately from a security standpoint, there frequently is no interoperable identity security mechanism deployed, so Rest developers often fall back to SSL to deliver security. In large data centers, SSL is typically terminated at the edge of the network - at the firewall, load balancer, or router. Once the SSL is terminated the HTTP request is in the clear (unless developers have hashed or encrypted the values, but this is rare). The attacker can utilize a sniffer such as Wireshark to snapshot the credentials, such as username and password that are passed in the clear once SSL is terminated. Once the attacker gathers these credentials, they can submit requests to the web service provider just as authorized user do. There is not typically an authentication on the client side, beyond what is passed in the request itself so once this is compromised, then this is generally sufficient to compromise the service's authentication scheme.
- Man in the Middle Attack This type of attack targets the communication between two components (typically client and server). The attacker places himself in the communication channel between the two components. Whenever one component attempts to communicate with the other (data flow, authentication challenges, etc.), the data first goes to the attacker, who has the opportunity to observe or alter it, and it is then passed on to the other component as if it was never intercepted. This interposition is transparent leaving the two compromised components unaware of the potential corruption or leakage of their communications. The potential for Man-in-the-Middle attacks yields an implicit lack of trust in communication or identify between two components.
Exploit-Db
id EDB-ID:48153 last seen 2020-03-02 modified 2020-03-02 published 2020-03-02 reporter Exploit-DB source https://www.exploit-db.com/download/48153 title Microsoft Exchange 2019 15.2.221.12 - Authenticated Remote Code Execution id EDB-ID:48168 last seen 2020-03-05 modified 2020-03-05 published 2020-03-05 reporter Exploit-DB source https://www.exploit-db.com/download/48168 title Exchange Control Panel - Viewstate Deserialization (Metasploit)
Metasploit
| description | This module exploits a .NET serialization vulnerability in the Exchange Control Panel (ECP) web page. The vulnerability is due to Microsoft Exchange Server not randomizing the keys on a per-installation basis resulting in them using the same validationKey and decryptionKey values. With knowledge of these values, an attacker can craft a special ViewState to cause an OS command to be executed by NT_AUTHORITY\SYSTEM using .NET deserialization. |
| id | MSF:EXPLOIT/WINDOWS/HTTP/EXCHANGE_ECP_VIEWSTATE |
| last seen | 2020-06-12 |
| modified | 2020-05-20 |
| published | 2020-02-28 |
| references | |
| reporter | Rapid7 |
| source | https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master//modules/exploits/windows/http/exchange_ecp_viewstate.rb |
| title | Exchange Control Panel ViewState Deserialization |
Nessus
| NASL family | Windows : Microsoft Bulletins |
| NASL id | SMB_NT_MS20_FEB_EXCHANGE.NASL |
| description | The Microsoft Exchange Server installed on the remote host is missing security updates. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could gain the same rights as any other user of the Exchange server. This could allow the attacker to perform activities such as accessing the mailboxes of other users. Exploitation of this vulnerability requires Exchange Web Services (EWS) to be enabled and in use in an affected environment. (CVE-2020-0692) - A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could run arbitrary code in the context of the System user. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts. Exploitation of the vulnerability requires that a specially crafted email be sent to a vulnerable Exchange server. The security update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how Microsoft Exchange handles objects in memory. (CVE-2020-0688) |
| last seen | 2020-06-05 |
| modified | 2020-02-11 |
| plugin id | 133617 |
| published | 2020-02-11 |
| reporter | This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. |
| source | https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/133617 |
| title | Security Updates for Exchange (February 2020) |
| code | |
Packetstorm
data source https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/156620/exchange_ecp_viewstate.rb.txt id PACKETSTORM:156620 last seen 2020-03-05 published 2020-03-04 reporter Spencer McIntyre source https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156620/Exchange-Control-Panel-Viewstate-Deserialization.html title Exchange Control Panel Viewstate Deserialization data source https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/156592/msexchange2019-exec.txt id PACKETSTORM:156592 last seen 2020-03-04 published 2020-03-02 reporter Photubias source https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156592/Microsoft-Exchange-2019-15.2.221.12-Remote-Code-Execution.html title Microsoft Exchange 2019 15.2.221.12 Remote Code Execution data source https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/download/158056/cve_2020_0787_bits_arbitrary_file_move.rb.txt id PACKETSTORM:158056 last seen 2020-06-12 published 2020-06-11 reporter itm4n source https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/158056/Background-Intelligent-Transfer-Service-Privilege-Escalation.html title Background Intelligent Transfer Service Privilege Escalation
Related news
References
- https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0688
- https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-258/
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156592/Microsoft-Exchange-2019-15.2.221.12-Remote-Code-Execution.html
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156620/Exchange-Control-Panel-Viewstate-Deserialization.html