Vulnerabilities > CVE-2019-18978 - Path Traversal vulnerability in multiple products

047910
CVSS 5.0 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
NONE
network
low complexity
rack-cors-project
debian
canonical
CWE-22
nessus

Summary

An issue was discovered in the rack-cors (aka Rack CORS Middleware) gem before 1.0.4 for Ruby. It allows ../ directory traversal to access private resources because resource matching does not ensure that pathnames are in a canonical format.

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Relative Path Traversal
    An attacker exploits a weakness in input validation on the target by supplying a specially constructed path utilizing dot and slash characters for the purpose of obtaining access to arbitrary files or resources. An attacker modifies a known path on the target in order to reach material that is not available through intended channels. These attacks normally involve adding additional path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.), or encodings thereof, in various combinations in order to reach parent directories or entirely separate trees of the target's directory structure.
  • Directory Traversal
    An attacker with access to file system resources, either directly or via application logic, will use various file path specification or navigation mechanisms such as ".." in path strings and absolute paths to extend their range of access to inappropriate areas of the file system. The attacker attempts to either explore the file system for recon purposes or access directories and files that are intended to be restricted from their access. Exploring the file system can be achieved through constructing paths presented to directory listing programs, such as "ls" and 'dir', or through specially crafted programs that attempt to explore the file system. The attacker engaging in this type of activity is searching for information that can be used later in a more exploitive attack. Access to restricted directories or files can be achieved through modification of path references utilized by system applications.
  • File System Function Injection, Content Based
    An attack of this type exploits the host's trust in executing remote content including binary files. The files are poisoned with a malicious payload (targeting the file systems accessible by the target software) by the attacker and may be passed through standard channels such as via email, and standard web content like PDF and multimedia files. The attacker exploits known vulnerabilities or handling routines in the target processes. Vulnerabilities of this type have been found in a wide variety of commercial applications from Microsoft Office to Adobe Acrobat and Apple Safari web browser. When the attacker knows the standard handling routines and can identify vulnerabilities and entry points they can be exploited by otherwise seemingly normal content. Once the attack is executed, the attackers' program can access relative directories such as C:\Program Files or other standard system directories to launch further attacks. In a worst case scenario, these programs are combined with other propagation logic and work as a virus.
  • Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
    This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple way of encoding an URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. An URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
  • Manipulating Input to File System Calls
    An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

Nessus

  • NASL familyFreeBSD Local Security Checks
    NASL idFREEBSD_PKG_C5BD9068440F11EA9CDB001B217B3468.NASL
    descriptionGitlab reports : Path Traversal to Arbitrary File Read User Permissions Not Validated in ProjectExportWorker XSS Vulnerability in File API Package and File Disclosure through GitLab Workhorse XSS Vulnerability in Create Groups Issue and Merge Request Activity Counts Exposed Email Confirmation Bypass Using AP Disclosure of Forked Private Project Source Code Private Project Names Exposed in GraphQL queries Disclosure of Issues and Merge Requests via Todos Denial of Service via AsciiDoc Last Pipeline Status Exposed Arbitrary Change of Pipeline Status Grafana Token Displayed in Plaintext Update excon gem Update rdoc gem Update rack-cors gem Update rubyzip gem
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id133434
    published2020-02-03
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/133434
    titleFreeBSD : Gitlab -- Multiple Vulnerabilities (c5bd9068-440f-11ea-9cdb-001b217b3468)
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
    # extracted from the FreeBSD VuXML database :
    #
    # Copyright 2003-2020 Jacques Vidrine and contributors
    #
    # Redistribution and use in source (VuXML) and 'compiled' forms (SGML,
    # HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification,
    # are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
    # 1. Redistributions of source code (VuXML) must retain the above
    #    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
    #    disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified.
    # 2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs,
    #    published online in any format, converted to PDF, PostScript,
    #    RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright
    #    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
    #    in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
    #    distribution.
    # 
    # THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
    # AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
    # THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
    # PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS
    # BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
    # OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
    # OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
    # BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
    # WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
    # OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION,
    # EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(133434);
      script_version("1.3");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/02/12");
    
      script_cve_id("CVE-2019-16779", "CVE-2019-16892", "CVE-2019-18978", "CVE-2020-6833", "CVE-2020-7966", "CVE-2020-7967", "CVE-2020-7968", "CVE-2020-7969", "CVE-2020-7971", "CVE-2020-7972", "CVE-2020-7973", "CVE-2020-7974", "CVE-2020-7976", "CVE-2020-7977", "CVE-2020-7978", "CVE-2020-7979", "CVE-2020-8114");
    
      script_name(english:"FreeBSD : Gitlab -- Multiple Vulnerabilities (c5bd9068-440f-11ea-9cdb-001b217b3468)");
      script_summary(english:"Checks for updated packages in pkg_info output");
    
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"synopsis", 
        value:
    "The remote FreeBSD host is missing one or more security-related
    updates."
      );
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"description", 
        value:
    "Gitlab reports :
    
    Path Traversal to Arbitrary File Read
    
    User Permissions Not Validated in ProjectExportWorker
    
    XSS Vulnerability in File API
    
    Package and File Disclosure through GitLab Workhorse
    
    XSS Vulnerability in Create Groups
    
    Issue and Merge Request Activity Counts Exposed
    
    Email Confirmation Bypass Using AP
    
    Disclosure of Forked Private Project Source Code
    
    Private Project Names Exposed in GraphQL queries
    
    Disclosure of Issues and Merge Requests via Todos
    
    Denial of Service via AsciiDoc
    
    Last Pipeline Status Exposed
    
    Arbitrary Change of Pipeline Status
    
    Grafana Token Displayed in Plaintext
    
    Update excon gem
    
    Update rdoc gem
    
    Update rack-cors gem
    
    Update rubyzip gem"
      );
      # https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2020/01/30/security-release-gitlab-12-7-4-released/
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?8c01373b"
      );
      # https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/c5bd9068-440f-11ea-9cdb-001b217b3468.html
      script_set_attribute(
        attribute:"see_also",
        value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?3ab7b29f"
      );
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2020-8114");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:gitlab-ce");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:freebsd:freebsd");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2020/01/30");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2020/01/31");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2020/02/03");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
      script_family(english:"FreeBSD Local Security Checks");
    
      script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
      script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/FreeBSD/release", "Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("freebsd_package.inc");
    
    
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "FreeBSD");
    if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);
    
    
    flag = 0;
    
    if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"gitlab-ce>=12.7.0<12.7.4")) flag++;
    if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"gitlab-ce>=12.6.0<12.6.6")) flag++;
    if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"gitlab-ce>=5.3<12.5.9")) flag++;
    
    if (flag)
    {
      if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:pkg_report_get());
      else security_hole(0);
      exit(0);
    }
    else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
    
  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DLA-2096.NASL
    descriptionThis package allowed ../ directory traversal to access private resources because resource matching did not ensure that pathnames were in a canonical format. For Debian 8
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id133532
    published2020-02-07
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/133532
    titleDebian DLA-2096-1 : ruby-rack-cors security update