Vulnerabilities > CVE-2019-12213 - Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in multiple products

047910
CVSS 6.5 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
NONE
Integrity impact
NONE
Availability impact
HIGH
network
low complexity
freeimage-project
canonical
debian
fedoraproject
CWE-674
nessus
NVD
Published: 2019-05-20
Updated: 2023-11-07

Summary

When FreeImage 3.18.0 reads a special TIFF file, the TIFFReadDirectory function in PluginTIFF.cpp always returns 1, leading to stack exhaustion.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
Application
Freeimage_Project
1
OS
Canonical
1
OS
Debian
3
OS
Fedoraproject
2

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • XML Nested Payloads
    Applications often need to transform data in and out of the XML format by using an XML parser. It may be possible for an attacker to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the XML parser when it is being processed. By nesting XML data and causing this data to be continuously self-referential, an attacker can cause the XML parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization. An attacker's goal is to leverage parser failure to his or her advantage. In most cases this type of an attack will result in a denial of service due to an application becoming unstable, freezing, or crash. However it may be possible to cause a crash resulting in arbitrary code execution, leading to a jump from the data plane to the control plane [R.230.1].
  • XML Oversized Payloads
    Applications often need to transform data in and out of the XML format by using an XML parser. It may be possible for an attacker to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the XML parser when it is being processed. By supplying oversized payloads in input vectors that will be processed by the XML parser, an attacker can cause the XML parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization, and potentially cause execution of arbitrary code. An attacker's goal is to leverage parser failure to his or her advantage. In many cases this type of an attack will result in a denial of service due to an application becoming unstable, freezing, or crash. However it is possible to cause a crash resulting in arbitrary code execution, leading to a jump from the data plane to the control plane [R.231.1].
  • Violating Implicit Assumptions Regarding XML Content (aka XML Denial of Service (XDoS))
    XML Denial of Service (XDoS) can be applied to any technology that utilizes XML data. This is, of course, most distributed systems technology including Java, .Net, databases, and so on. XDoS is most closely associated with web services, SOAP, and Rest, because remote service requesters can post malicious XML payloads to the service provider designed to exhaust the service provider's memory, CPU, and/or disk space. The main weakness in XDoS is that the service provider generally must inspect, parse, and validate the XML messages to determine routing, workflow, security considerations, and so on. It is exactly these inspection, parsing, and validation routines that XDoS targets. There are three primary attack vectors that XDoS can navigate Target CPU through recursion: attacker creates a recursive payload and sends to service provider Target memory through jumbo payloads: service provider uses DOM to parse XML. DOM creates in memory representation of XML document, but when document is very large (for example, north of 1 Gb) service provider host may exhaust memory trying to build memory objects. XML Ping of death: attack service provider with numerous small files that clog the system. All of the above attacks exploit the loosely coupled nature of web services, where the service provider has little to no control over the service requester and any messages the service requester sends.
  • XML Parser Attack
    Applications often need to transform data in and out of the XML format by using an XML parser. It may be possible for an attacker to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the XML parser when it is being processed. These adverse effects may include the parser crashing, consuming too much of a resource, executing too slowly, executing code supplied by an attacker, allowing usage of unintended system functionality, etc. An attacker's goal is to leverage parser failure to his or her advantage. In some cases it may be possible to jump from the data plane to the control plane via bad data being passed to an XML parser. [R.99.1]

Nessus

  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DSA-4593.NASL
    descriptionIt was found that freeimage, a graphics library, was affected by the following two security issues : - CVE-2019-12211 Heap buffer overflow caused by invalid memcpy in PluginTIFF. This flaw might be leveraged by remote attackers to trigger denial of service or any other unspecified impact via crafted TIFF data. - CVE-2019-12213 Stack exhaustion caused by unwanted recursion in PluginTIFF. This flaw might be leveraged by remote attackers to trigger denial of service via crafted TIFF data.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id132424
    published2019-12-30
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/132424
    titleDebian DSA-4593-1 : freeimage - security update
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
# extracted from Debian Security Advisory DSA-4593. The text 
# itself is copyright (C) Software in the Public Interest, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(132424);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/02");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2019-12211", "CVE-2019-12213");
  script_xref(name:"DSA", value:"4593");

  script_name(english:"Debian DSA-4593-1 : freeimage - security update");
  script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for the updated package");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Debian host is missing a security-related update."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"It was found that freeimage, a graphics library, was affected by the
following two security issues :

  - CVE-2019-12211
    Heap buffer overflow caused by invalid memcpy in
    PluginTIFF. This flaw might be leveraged by remote
    attackers to trigger denial of service or any other
    unspecified impact via crafted TIFF data.

  - CVE-2019-12213
    Stack exhaustion caused by unwanted recursion in
    PluginTIFF. This flaw might be leveraged by remote
    attackers to trigger denial of service via crafted TIFF
    data."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=929597"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2019-12211"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2019-12213"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/source-package/freeimage"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/stretch/freeimage"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/buster/freeimage"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4593"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"solution", 
    value:
"Upgrade the freeimage packages.

For the oldstable distribution (stretch), these problems have been
fixed in version 3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1.

For the stable distribution (buster), these problems have been fixed
in version 3.18.0+ds2-1+deb10u1."
  );
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:freeimage");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:10.0");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:9.0");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/05/20");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/12/27");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/12/30");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Debian Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Debian/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("debian_package.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Debian");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


flag = 0;
if (deb_check(release:"10.0", prefix:"libfreeimage-dev", reference:"3.18.0+ds2-1+deb10u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"10.0", prefix:"libfreeimage3", reference:"3.18.0+ds2-1+deb10u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"10.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus-dev", reference:"3.18.0+ds2-1+deb10u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"10.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus-doc", reference:"3.18.0+ds2-1+deb10u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"10.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus3", reference:"3.18.0+ds2-1+deb10u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimage-dev", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimage3", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimage3-dbg", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus-dev", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus-doc", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus3", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"9.0", prefix:"libfreeimageplus3-dbg", reference:"3.17.0+ds1-5+deb9u1")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:deb_report_get());
  else security_warning(0);
  exit(0);
}
else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
  • NASL familyFedora Local Security Checks
    NASL idFEDORA_2019-655994894E.NASL
    descriptionBackport fixes for CVE-2019-12211 and 2019-12213 Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora update system website. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id131335
    published2019-11-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/131335
    titleFedora 31 : freeimage / mingw-freeimage (2019-655994894e)
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were  
# extracted from Fedora Security Advisory FEDORA-2019-655994894e.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(131335);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/12/09");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2019-12211", "CVE-2019-12213");
  script_xref(name:"FEDORA", value:"2019-655994894e");

  script_name(english:"Fedora 31 : freeimage / mingw-freeimage (2019-655994894e)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks rpm output for the updated packages.");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Fedora host is missing one or more security updates."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"Backport fixes for CVE-2019-12211 and 2019-12213

Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding
description block directly from the Fedora update system website.
Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as
possible without introducing additional issues."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://bodhi.fedoraproject.org/updates/FEDORA-2019-655994894e"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"solution", 
    value:"Update the affected freeimage and / or mingw-freeimage packages."
  );
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:freeimage");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:mingw-freeimage");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:31");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/05/20");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/11/27");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/11/27");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Fedora Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/RedHat/release", "Host/RedHat/rpm-list");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("global_settings.inc");
include("rpm.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
release = get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/release");
if (isnull(release) || "Fedora" >!< release) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Fedora");
os_ver = pregmatch(pattern: "Fedora.*release ([0-9]+)", string:release);
if (isnull(os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_APP_VER, "Fedora");
os_ver = os_ver[1];
if (! preg(pattern:"^31([^0-9]|$)", string:os_ver)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Fedora 31", "Fedora " + os_ver);

if (!get_kb_item("Host/RedHat/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu");
if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH);
if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$") audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "Fedora", cpu);


flag = 0;
if (rpm_check(release:"FC31", reference:"freeimage-3.18.0-6.fc31")) flag++;
if (rpm_check(release:"FC31", reference:"mingw-freeimage-3.18.0-7.fc31")) flag++;


if (flag)
{
  security_report_v4(
    port       : 0,
    severity   : SECURITY_WARNING,
    extra      : rpm_report_get()
  );
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  tested = pkg_tests_get();
  if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested);
  else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "freeimage / mingw-freeimage");
}
  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DLA-2031.NASL
    descriptionIt was found that freeimage, a graphics library, was affected by the following two security issues : CVE-2019-12211 Heap buffer overflow caused by invalid memcpy in PluginTIFF. This flaw might be leveraged by remote attackers to trigger denial of service or any other unspecified impact via crafted TIFF data. CVE-2019-12213 Stack exhaustion caused by unwanted recursion in PluginTIFF. This flaw might be leveraged by remote attackers to trigger denial of service via crafted TIFF data. For Debian 8
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id131964
    published2019-12-12
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/131964
    titleDebian DLA-2031-1 : freeimage security update
    code
    #
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#
# The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were
# extracted from Debian Security Advisory DLA-2031-1. The text
# itself is copyright (C) Software in the Public Interest, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(131964);
  script_version("1.2");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/12/16");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2019-12211", "CVE-2019-12213");

  script_name(english:"Debian DLA-2031-1 : freeimage security update");
  script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for the updated packages.");

  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"synopsis", 
    value:"The remote Debian host is missing a security update."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"description", 
    value:
"It was found that freeimage, a graphics library, was affected by the
following two security issues :

CVE-2019-12211

Heap buffer overflow caused by invalid memcpy in PluginTIFF. This flaw
might be leveraged by remote attackers to trigger denial of service or
any other unspecified impact via crafted TIFF data.

CVE-2019-12213

Stack exhaustion caused by unwanted recursion in PluginTIFF. This flaw
might be leveraged by remote attackers to trigger denial of service
via crafted TIFF data.

For Debian 8 'Jessie', these problems have been fixed in version
3.15.4-4.2+deb8u2.

We recommend that you upgrade your freeimage packages.

NOTE: Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description
block directly from the DLA security advisory. Tenable has attempted
to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without
introducing additional issues."
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/12/msg00012.html"
  );
  script_set_attribute(
    attribute:"see_also",
    value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/jessie/freeimage"
  );
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Upgrade the affected packages.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:libfreeimage-dev");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:libfreeimage3");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:libfreeimage3-dbg");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:8.0");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2019/05/20");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/12/10");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/12/12");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
  script_family(english:"Debian Local Security Checks");

  script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
  script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Debian/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l");

  exit(0);
}


include("audit.inc");
include("debian_package.inc");


if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED);
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Debian");
if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING);


flag = 0;
if (deb_check(release:"8.0", prefix:"libfreeimage-dev", reference:"3.15.4-4.2+deb8u2")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"8.0", prefix:"libfreeimage3", reference:"3.15.4-4.2+deb8u2")) flag++;
if (deb_check(release:"8.0", prefix:"libfreeimage3-dbg", reference:"3.15.4-4.2+deb8u2")) flag++;

if (flag)
{
  if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:deb_report_get());
  else security_warning(0);
  exit(0);
}
else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
  • NASL familyFedora Local Security Checks
    NASL idFEDORA_2019-76F546B7B8.NASL
    descriptionBackport fixes for CVE-2019-12211 and 2019-12213 Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora update system website. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id131337
    published2019-11-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/131337
    titleFedora 30 : freeimage / mingw-freeimage (2019-76f546b7b8)

References