Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-4868 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling vulnerability in Exiv2 0.26
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
MEDIUM Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
NONE Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
PARTIAL Summary
The Exiv2::Jp2Image::readMetadata function in jp2image.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation) via a crafted file.
Vulnerable Configurations
| Part | Description | Count |
|---|---|---|
| Application | 1 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Locate and Exploit Test APIs An attacker exploits a sample, demonstration, or test API that is insecure by default and should not be resident on production systems. Some applications include APIs that are intended to allow an administrator to test and refine their domain. These APIs should usually be disabled once a system enters a production environment. Testing APIs may expose a great deal of diagnostic information intended to aid an administrator, but which can also be used by an attacker to further refine their attack. Moreover, testing APIs may not have adequate security controls or may not have undergone rigorous testing since they were not intended for use in production environments. As such, they may have many flaws and vulnerabilities that would allow an attacker to severely disrupt a target.
- Flooding An attacker consumes the resources of a target by rapidly engaging in a large number of interactions with the target. This type of attack generally exposes a weakness in rate limiting or flow control in management of interactions. Since each request consumes some of the target's resources, if a sufficiently large number of requests must be processed at the same time then the target's resources can be exhausted. The degree to which the attack is successful depends upon the volume of requests in relation to the amount of the resource the target has access to, and other mitigating circumstances such as the target's ability to shift load or acquired additional resources to deal with the depletion. The more protected the resource and the greater the quantity of it that must be consumed, the more resources the attacker may need to have at their disposal. A typical TCP/IP flooding attack is a Distributed Denial-of-Service attack where many machines simultaneously make a large number of requests to a target. Against a target with strong defenses and a large pool of resources, many tens of thousands of attacking machines may be required. When successful this attack prevents legitimate users from accessing the service and can cause the target to crash. This attack differs from resource depletion through leaks or allocations in that the latter attacks do not rely on the volume of requests made to the target but instead focus on manipulation of the target's operations. The key factor in a flooding attack is the number of requests the attacker can make in a given period of time. The greater this number, the more likely an attack is to succeed against a given target.
- Excessive Allocation An attacker causes the target to allocate excessive resources to servicing the attackers' request, thereby reducing the resources available for legitimate services and degrading or denying services. Usually, this attack focuses on memory allocation, but any finite resource on the target could be the attacked, including bandwidth, processing cycles, or other resources. This attack does not attempt to force this allocation through a large number of requests (that would be Resource Depletion through Flooding) but instead uses one or a small number of requests that are carefully formatted to force the target to allocate excessive resources to service this request(s). Often this attack takes advantage of a bug in the target to cause the target to allocate resources vastly beyond what would be needed for a normal request. For example, using an Integer Attack, the attacker could cause a variable that controls allocation for a request to hold an excessively large value. Excessive allocation of resources can render a service degraded or unavailable to legitimate users and can even lead to crashing of the target.
- XML Ping of the Death An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
- XML Entity Expansion An attacker submits an XML document to a target application where the XML document uses nested entity expansion to produce an excessively large output XML. XML allows the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. However, this capability can be abused to create excessive demands on a processor's CPU and memory. A small number of nested expansions can result in an exponential growth in demands on memory.
Nessus
NASL family Huawei Local Security Checks NASL id EULEROS_SA-2019-2710.NASL description According to the versions of the exiv2 package installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - Exiv2::Internal::PngChunk::parseTXTChunk in Exiv2 v0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted image file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2018-10999.(CVE-2018-16336) - The Exiv2::Jp2Image::readMetadata function in jp2image.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation) via a crafted file.(CVE-2018-4868) - In Exiv2 before v0.27.2, there is an integer overflow vulnerability in the WebPImage::getHeaderOffset function in webpimage.cpp. It can lead to a buffer overflow vulnerability and a crash.(CVE-2019-14982) - There is a reachable assertion in the Internal::TiffReader::visitDirectory function in tiffvisitor.cpp of Exiv2 0.26 that will lead to a remote denial of service attack via crafted input.(CVE-2017-11683) - An Invalid memory address dereference was discovered in Exiv2::StringValueBase::read in value.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.(CVE-2017-14859) - An Invalid memory address dereference was discovered in Exiv2::DataValue::read in value.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.(CVE-2017-14862) - An Invalid memory address dereference was discovered in Exiv2::getULong in types.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.(CVE-2017-14864) - There is a heap-based buffer overflow in the Exiv2::us2Data function of types.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. A Crafted input will lead to a denial of service attack.(CVE-2017-14865) - There is a heap-based buffer over-read in the Exiv2::Internal::PngChunk::keyTXTChunk function of pngchunk_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. A crafted PNG file will lead to a remote denial of service attack.(CVE-2017-17669) - Exiv2 0.26 has a Null Pointer Dereference in the Exiv2::DataValue::toLong function in value.cpp, related to crafted metadata in a TIFF file.(CVE-2017-18005) Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues. last seen 2020-05-08 modified 2019-12-23 plugin id 132377 published 2019-12-23 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/132377 title EulerOS 2.0 SP5 : exiv2 (EulerOS-SA-2019-2710) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(132377); script_version("1.4"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/05/07"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2017-11683", "CVE-2017-14859", "CVE-2017-14862", "CVE-2017-14864", "CVE-2017-14865", "CVE-2017-17669", "CVE-2017-18005", "CVE-2018-16336", "CVE-2018-4868", "CVE-2019-14982" ); script_name(english:"EulerOS 2.0 SP5 : exiv2 (EulerOS-SA-2019-2710)"); script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote EulerOS host is missing multiple security updates."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "According to the versions of the exiv2 package installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - Exiv2::Internal::PngChunk::parseTXTChunk in Exiv2 v0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted image file, a different vulnerability than CVE-2018-10999.(CVE-2018-16336) - The Exiv2::Jp2Image::readMetadata function in jp2image.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation) via a crafted file.(CVE-2018-4868) - In Exiv2 before v0.27.2, there is an integer overflow vulnerability in the WebPImage::getHeaderOffset function in webpimage.cpp. It can lead to a buffer overflow vulnerability and a crash.(CVE-2019-14982) - There is a reachable assertion in the Internal::TiffReader::visitDirectory function in tiffvisitor.cpp of Exiv2 0.26 that will lead to a remote denial of service attack via crafted input.(CVE-2017-11683) - An Invalid memory address dereference was discovered in Exiv2::StringValueBase::read in value.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.(CVE-2017-14859) - An Invalid memory address dereference was discovered in Exiv2::DataValue::read in value.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.(CVE-2017-14862) - An Invalid memory address dereference was discovered in Exiv2::getULong in types.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash, which leads to denial of service.(CVE-2017-14864) - There is a heap-based buffer overflow in the Exiv2::us2Data function of types.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. A Crafted input will lead to a denial of service attack.(CVE-2017-14865) - There is a heap-based buffer over-read in the Exiv2::Internal::PngChunk::keyTXTChunk function of pngchunk_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26. A crafted PNG file will lead to a remote denial of service attack.(CVE-2017-17669) - Exiv2 0.26 has a Null Pointer Dereference in the Exiv2::DataValue::toLong function in value.cpp, related to crafted metadata in a TIFF file.(CVE-2017-18005) Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues."); # https://developer.huaweicloud.com/ict/en/site-euleros/euleros/security-advisories/EulerOS-SA-2019-2710 script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?ed6f2a44"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Update the affected exiv2 packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2019-14982"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2019/12/23"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2019/12/23"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:exiv2-libs"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:huawei:euleros:2.0"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"Huawei Local Security Checks"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/EulerOS/release", "Host/EulerOS/rpm-list", "Host/EulerOS/sp"); script_exclude_keys("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("rpm.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); release = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/release"); if (isnull(release) || release !~ "^EulerOS") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS"); if (release !~ "^EulerOS release 2\.0(\D|$)") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0"); sp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/sp"); if (isnull(sp) || sp !~ "^(5)$") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP5"); uvp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version"); if (!empty_or_null(uvp)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP5", "EulerOS UVP " + uvp); if (!get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu"); if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "aarch64" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "EulerOS", cpu); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$") audit(AUDIT_ARCH_NOT, "i686 / x86_64", cpu); flag = 0; pkgs = ["exiv2-libs-0.26-3.h10.eulerosv2r7"]; foreach (pkg in pkgs) if (rpm_check(release:"EulerOS-2.0", sp:"5", reference:pkg)) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : rpm_report_get() ); exit(0); } else { tested = pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "exiv2"); }NASL family Huawei Local Security Checks NASL id EULEROS_SA-2020-1003.NASL description According to the versions of the exiv2 packages installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - The Exiv2::Jp2Image::readMetadata function in jp2image.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation) via a crafted file.(CVE-2018-4868) - CiffDirectory::readDirectory() at crwimage_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 has excessive stack consumption due to a recursive function, leading to Denial of service.(CVE-2018-17581) Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues. last seen 2020-05-03 modified 2020-01-02 plugin id 132596 published 2020-01-02 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/132596 title EulerOS 2.0 SP8 : exiv2 (EulerOS-SA-2020-1003) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(132596); script_version("1.3"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/05/01"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2018-17581", "CVE-2018-4868" ); script_name(english:"EulerOS 2.0 SP8 : exiv2 (EulerOS-SA-2020-1003)"); script_summary(english:"Checks the rpm output for the updated packages."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote EulerOS host is missing multiple security updates."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "According to the versions of the exiv2 packages installed, the EulerOS installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - The Exiv2::Jp2Image::readMetadata function in jp2image.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (excessive memory allocation) via a crafted file.(CVE-2018-4868) - CiffDirectory::readDirectory() at crwimage_int.cpp in Exiv2 0.26 has excessive stack consumption due to a recursive function, leading to Denial of service.(CVE-2018-17581) Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the EulerOS security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues."); # https://developer.huaweicloud.com/ict/en/site-euleros/euleros/security-advisories/EulerOS-SA-2020-1003 script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?11ce16eb"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Update the affected exiv2 packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2020/01/02"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2020/01/02"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:exiv2"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:huawei:euleros:exiv2-libs"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:huawei:euleros:2.0"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"generated_plugin", value:"current"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"Huawei Local Security Checks"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/EulerOS/release", "Host/EulerOS/rpm-list", "Host/EulerOS/sp"); script_exclude_keys("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("rpm.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); release = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/release"); if (isnull(release) || release !~ "^EulerOS") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS"); if (release !~ "^EulerOS release 2\.0(\D|$)") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0"); sp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/sp"); if (isnull(sp) || sp !~ "^(8)$") audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP8"); uvp = get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/uvp_version"); if (!empty_or_null(uvp)) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "EulerOS 2.0 SP8", "EulerOS UVP " + uvp); if (!get_kb_item("Host/EulerOS/rpm-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); cpu = get_kb_item("Host/cpu"); if (isnull(cpu)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_ARCH); if ("x86_64" >!< cpu && cpu !~ "^i[3-6]86$" && "aarch64" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, "EulerOS", cpu); if ("aarch64" >!< cpu) audit(AUDIT_ARCH_NOT, "aarch64", cpu); flag = 0; pkgs = ["exiv2-0.26-12.h8.eulerosv2r8", "exiv2-libs-0.26-12.h8.eulerosv2r8"]; foreach (pkg in pkgs) if (rpm_check(release:"EulerOS-2.0", sp:"8", reference:pkg)) flag++; if (flag) { security_report_v4( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, extra : rpm_report_get() ); exit(0); } else { tested = pkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "exiv2"); }
Redhat
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