Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-4280 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability in Apple products

047910
CVSS 6.8 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
MEDIUM
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL
Integrity impact
PARTIAL
Availability impact
PARTIAL
network
apple
CWE-119
nessus

Summary

A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue affected versions prior to iOS 11.4.1, macOS High Sierra 10.13.6, tvOS 11.4.1, watchOS 4.3.2.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
OS
Apple
372

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Overflow Buffers
    Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an attacker. As a consequence, an attacker is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the attackers' choice.
  • Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
    This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service.
  • Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
    In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).
  • MIME Conversion
    An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.

Nessus

  • NASL familyMisc.
    NASL idAPPLETV_11_4_1.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device is prior to 11.4.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities as described in the HT208936 security advisory. Note that only 4th and 5th generation models are affected by these vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111110
    published2018-07-16
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111110
    titleApple TV < 11.4.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(111110);
      script_version("1.5");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/04");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2018-4248",
        "CVE-2018-4261",
        "CVE-2018-4262",
        "CVE-2018-4263",
        "CVE-2018-4264",
        "CVE-2018-4265",
        "CVE-2018-4266",
        "CVE-2018-4267",
        "CVE-2018-4270",
        "CVE-2018-4271",
        "CVE-2018-4272",
        "CVE-2018-4273",
        "CVE-2018-4277",
        "CVE-2018-4278",
        "CVE-2018-4280",
        "CVE-2018-4282",
        "CVE-2018-4284",
        "CVE-2018-4293"
      );
      script_bugtraq_id(
        103957,
        103958,
        103961,
        104378
      );
    
      script_name(english:"Apple TV < 11.4.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the build number.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote Apple TV device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "According to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device
    is prior to 11.4.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities as described in the HT208936 security advisory.
    
    Note that only 4th and 5th generation models are affected by these
    vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208936");
      # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00003.html
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?cf6d645c");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Upgrade to Apple TV version 11.4.1 or later. Note that this update is
    only available for 4th and 5th generation models.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4284");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/07/16");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apple:apple_tv");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"Misc.");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
    
      script_dependencies("appletv_version.nasl");
      script_require_keys("AppleTV/Version", "AppleTV/Model", "AppleTV/URL", "AppleTV/Port");
      script_require_ports("Services/www", 7000);
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("appletv_func.inc");
    
    url = get_kb_item('AppleTV/URL');
    if (empty_or_null(url)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV URL.');
    port = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Port');
    if (empty_or_null(port)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV port.');
    
    build = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Version');
    if (empty_or_null(build)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_DEVICE_VER, 'Apple TV');
    
    model = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Model');
    if (empty_or_null(model)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV model.');
    
    # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TvOS
    # 4th gen model "5,3" and 5th gen model "6,2" share same build
    fixed_build = "15M73";
    tvos_ver = '11';
    
    # determine gen from the model
    gen = APPLETV_MODEL_GEN[model];
    
    appletv_check_version(
      build          : build,
      fix            : fixed_build,
      affected_gen   : make_list(4, 5),
      fix_tvos_ver   : tvos_ver,
      model          : model,
      gen            : gen,
      port           : port,
      url            : url,
      severity       : SECURITY_WARNING
    );
    
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOSX_SECUPD2018-004.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111136
    published2018-07-17
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111136
    titlemacOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2018-004)
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(111136);
      script_version("1.8");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/06/19 15:17:43");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2017-0898",
        "CVE-2017-10784",
        "CVE-2017-14033",
        "CVE-2017-14064",
        "CVE-2017-17405",
        "CVE-2017-17742",
        "CVE-2018-3665",
        "CVE-2018-4178",
        "CVE-2018-4248",
        "CVE-2018-4259",
        "CVE-2018-4268",
        "CVE-2018-4269",
        "CVE-2018-4276",
        "CVE-2018-4277",
        "CVE-2018-4280",
        "CVE-2018-4283",
        "CVE-2018-4285",
        "CVE-2018-4286",
        "CVE-2018-4287",
        "CVE-2018-4288",
        "CVE-2018-4289",
        "CVE-2018-4291",
        "CVE-2018-4293",
        "CVE-2018-5383",
        "CVE-2018-6797",
        "CVE-2018-6913",
        "CVE-2018-6914",
        "CVE-2018-8777",
        "CVE-2018-8778",
        "CVE-2018-8779",
        "CVE-2018-8780"
      );
    script_bugtraq_id(
        100853,
        100862,
        100868,
        100890,
        102204,
        103683,
        103684,
        103686,
        103693,
        103739,
        103767,
        103953,
        104460,
        104844,
        104879
      );
      script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2018-7-9-4");
    
      script_name(english:"macOS and Mac OS X Multiple Vulnerabilities (Security Update 2018-004)");
      script_summary(english:"Checks for the presence of Security Update 2018-004.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote host is missing a macOS or Mac OS X security update that
    fixes multiple vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "The remote host is running Mac OS X 10.11.6 or Mac OS X 10.12.6 and is
    missing a security update. It is therefore, affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208937");
      # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00005.html
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?981755ca");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Install Security Update 2018-004 or later for 10.11.x or
    Security Update 2018-004 or later for 10.12.x.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4268");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/07/17");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
    
      script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl");
      script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/MacOSX/packages/boms");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("global_settings.inc");
    include("misc_func.inc");
    include("lists.inc");
    
    patch = "2018-004";
    applicable_macos_versions = ['10.11.6', '10.12.6'];
    
    # Compare 2 patch numbers to determine if patch requirements are satisfied.
    # Return true if this patch or a later patch is applied
    # Return false otherwise
    function check_patch(year, number)
    {
      local_var p_split = split(patch, sep:"-");
      local_var p_year  = int( p_split[0]);
      local_var p_num   = int( p_split[1]);
    
      if (year >  p_year) return TRUE;
      else if (year <  p_year) return FALSE;
      else if (number >=  p_num) return TRUE;
      else return FALSE;
    }
    
    get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/local_checks_enabled");
    os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/Version");
    
    matches = pregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os);
    if (empty_or_null(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "').");
    version = matches[1];
    if (!collib::contains(item:version, list:applicable_macos_versions)) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);
    
    packages = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/MacOSX/packages/boms", exit_code:1);
    sec_boms_report = pgrep(
      pattern:"^com\.apple\.pkg\.update\.(security\.|os\.SecUpd).*bom$",
      string:packages
    );
    sec_boms = split(sec_boms_report, sep:'\n');
    
    foreach package (sec_boms)
    {
      # Grab patch year and number
      matches = pregmatch(pattern:"[^0-9](20[0-9][0-9])[-.]([0-9]{3})[^0-9]", string:package);
      if (empty_or_null(matches)) continue;
      if (empty_or_null(matches[1]) || empty_or_null(matches[2]))
        continue;
    
      patch_found = check_patch(year:int(matches[1]), number:int(matches[2]));
      if (patch_found) exit(0, "The host has Security Update " + patch + " or later installed and is therefore not affected.");
    }
    
    report =  '\n  Missing security update : ' + patch;
    report += '\n  Installed security BOMs : ';
    if (sec_boms_report) report += str_replace(find:'\n', replace:'\n                            ', string:sec_boms_report);
    else report += 'n/a';
    report += '\n';
    
    security_report_v4(port:0, severity:SECURITY_HOLE, extra:report);
    
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_10_13_6.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is 10.13.x prior to 10.13.6. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can result in arbitrary code execution.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id111137
    published2018-07-17
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/111137
    titlemacOS 10.13.x < 10.13.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(111137);
      script_version("1.8");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/06/19 15:17:43");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2017-0898",
        "CVE-2017-10784",
        "CVE-2017-14033",
        "CVE-2017-14064",
        "CVE-2017-17405",
        "CVE-2017-17742",
        "CVE-2018-3665",
        "CVE-2018-4178",
        "CVE-2018-4248",
        "CVE-2018-4259",
        "CVE-2018-4268",
        "CVE-2018-4269",
        "CVE-2018-4276",
        "CVE-2018-4277",
        "CVE-2018-4280",
        "CVE-2018-4283",
        "CVE-2018-4285",
        "CVE-2018-4286",
        "CVE-2018-4287",
        "CVE-2018-4288",
        "CVE-2018-4289",
        "CVE-2018-4291",
        "CVE-2018-4293",
        "CVE-2018-4456",
        "CVE-2018-4470",
        "CVE-2018-5383",
        "CVE-2018-6797",
        "CVE-2018-6913",
        "CVE-2018-6914",
        "CVE-2018-8777",
        "CVE-2018-8778",
        "CVE-2018-8779",
        "CVE-2018-8780"
      );
      script_bugtraq_id(
        100853,
        100862,
        100868,
        100890,
        102204,
        103683,
        103684,
        103686,
        103693,
        103739,
        103767,
        103953,
        104460,
        104844,
        106779
      );
      script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2018-7-9-4");
    
      script_name(english:"macOS 10.13.x < 10.13.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Mac OS X / macOS.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote host is missing a macOS update that fixes multiple security
    vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "The remote host is running a version of macOS / Mac OS X that is
    10.13.x prior to 10.13.6. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities.
    
    Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can
    result in arbitrary code execution.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208937");
      # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00005.html
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?981755ca");
      # https://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2018/Jul/msg00008.html 
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?9f04312a");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Upgrade to macOS version 10.13.6 or later.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2018-4259");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2018/07/09");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2018/07/17");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"combined");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
    
      script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl");
      script_require_ports("Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/OS");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("global_settings.inc");
    include("misc_func.inc");
    
    os = get_kb_item("Host/MacOSX/Version");
    if (!os)
    {
      os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/OS");
      if ("Mac OS X" >!< os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");
    
      c = get_kb_item("Host/OS/Confidence");
      if (c <= 70) exit(1, "Can't determine the host's OS with sufficient confidence.");
    }
    if (!os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");
    
    matches = pregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os);
    if (empty_or_null(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "').");
    
    version = matches[1];
    fix = "10.13.6";
    
    if (version !~"^10\.13($|[^0-9])")
      audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS 10.13.x");
    
    if (ver_compare(ver:version, fix:fix, strict:FALSE) == -1)
    {
      security_report_v4(
        port:0,
        severity:SECURITY_HOLE,
        extra:
          '\n  Installed version : ' + version +
          '\n  Fixed version     : ' + fix +
          '\n'
      );
    }
    else audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "macOS / Mac OS X", version);