Vulnerabilities > CVE-2018-0229 - Session Fixation vulnerability in Cisco products
Attack vector
NETWORK Attack complexity
LOW Privileges required
NONE Confidentiality impact
HIGH Integrity impact
NONE Availability impact
NONE Summary
A vulnerability in the implementation of Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) Single Sign-On (SSO) authentication for Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client for Desktop Platforms, Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software, and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to establish an authenticated AnyConnect session through an affected device running ASA or FTD Software. The authentication would need to be done by an unsuspecting third party, aka Session Fixation. The vulnerability exists because there is no mechanism for the ASA or FTD Software to detect that the authentication request originates from the AnyConnect client directly. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to click a crafted link and authenticating using the company's Identity Provider (IdP). A successful exploit could allow the attacker to hijack a valid authentication token and use that to establish an authenticated AnyConnect session through an affected device running ASA or FTD Software. This vulnerability affects the Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client, and ASA Software and FTD Software configured for SAML 2.0-based SSO for AnyConnect Remote Access VPN that is running on the following Cisco products: 3000 Series Industrial Security Appliances (ISA), ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliances, ASA 5500-X Series Next-Generation Firewalls, ASA Services Module for Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers, Adaptive Security Virtual Appliance (ASAv), Firepower 2100 Series Security Appliance, Firepower 4100 Series Security Appliance, Firepower 9300 ASA Security Module, FTD Virtual (FTDv). Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg65072, CSCvh87448.
Vulnerable Configurations
| Part | Description | Count |
|---|---|---|
| Application | 1 | |
| OS | 1 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Session Credential Falsification through Forging An attacker creates a false but functional session credential in order to gain or usurp access to a service. Session credentials allow users to identify themselves to a service after an initial authentication without needing to resend the authentication information (usually a username and password) with every message. If an attacker is able to forge valid session credentials they may be able to bypass authentication or piggy-back off some other authenticated user's session. This attack differs from Reuse of Session IDs and Session Sidejacking attacks in that in the latter attacks an attacker uses a previous or existing credential without modification while, in a forging attack, the attacker must create their own credential, although it may be based on previously observed credentials.
- Exploitation of Session Variables, Resource IDs and other Trusted Credentials Attacks on session IDs and resource IDs take advantage of the fact that some software accepts user input without verifying its authenticity. For example, a message queuing system that allows service requesters to post messages to its queue through an open channel (such as anonymous FTP), authorization is done through checking group or role membership contained in the posted message. However, there is no proof that the message itself, the information in the message (such group or role membership), or indeed the process that wrote the message to the queue are authentic and authorized to do so. Many server side processes are vulnerable to these attacks because the server to server communications have not been analyzed from a security perspective or the processes "trust" other systems because they are behind a firewall. In a similar way servers that use easy to guess or spoofable schemes for representing digital identity can also be vulnerable. Such systems frequently use schemes without cryptography and digital signatures (or with broken cryptography). Session IDs may be guessed due to insufficient randomness, poor protection (passed in the clear), lack of integrity (unsigned), or improperly correlation with access control policy enforcement points. Exposed configuration and properties files that contain system passwords, database connection strings, and such may also give an attacker an edge to identify these identifiers. The net result is that spoofing and impersonation is possible leading to an attacker's ability to break authentication, authorization, and audit controls on the system.
- Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form of this attack involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the attacker to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the attacker before it is sent back to the server. Here the attacker seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
- Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.
- Session Credential Falsification through Prediction This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
Nessus
NASL family CISCO NASL id CISCO-SA-20180418-ASA1.NASL description According to its self-reported version the Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) software running on the remote device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Please see the included Cisco BIDs and Cisco Security Advisories for more information. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 109404 published 2018-04-27 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2018-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/109404 title Cisco ASA Multiple Vulnerabilities (cisco-sa-20180418-asa1 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa2 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa3 / cisco-sa-20180418-asaanyconnect / cisco-sa-20180418-asa_inspect) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(109404); script_version("1.7"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/17"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2018-0227", "CVE-2018-0228", "CVE-2018-0229", "CVE-2018-0231", "CVE-2018-0240" ); script_bugtraq_id(103934, 103939); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvg40155"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvf63718"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve18902"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve34335"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve38446"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvg65072"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvh87448"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve61540"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvh23085"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvh95456"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa1"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa2"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa3"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asaanyconnect"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa_inspect"); script_name(english:"Cisco ASA Multiple Vulnerabilities (cisco-sa-20180418-asa1 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa2 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa3 / cisco-sa-20180418-asaanyconnect / cisco-sa-20180418-asa_inspect)"); script_summary(english:"Checks the ASA version."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote device is missing a vendor-supplied security patch."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "According to its self-reported version the Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) software running on the remote device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. 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else if (version =~ "^9\.9[^0-9]" && check_asa_release(version:version, patched:"9.9(2.1)")) fixed_ver = "9.9(2.1)"; else audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "Cisco ASA software", version); security_report_cisco( port : 0, severity : SECURITY_WARNING, version : version, bug_id : cbi, fix : fixed_ver );NASL family CISCO NASL id CISCO-SA-20180418-ASA1-FTD.NASL description According to its self-reported version the Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) software running on the remote device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. Please see the included Cisco BIDs and Cisco Security Advisories for more information. Note that Nessus has not tested for this issue but has instead relied only on the application last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 133044 published 2020-01-17 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/133044 title Cisco FTD Multiple Vulnerabilities (cisco-sa-20180418-asa1 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa2 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa3 / cisco-sa-20180418-asaanyconnect / cisco-sa-20180418-asa_inspect) code #TRUSTED 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 # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(133044); script_version("1.2"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2020/01/17"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2018-0227", "CVE-2018-0228", "CVE-2018-0229", "CVE-2018-0231", "CVE-2018-0240" ); script_bugtraq_id(103934, 103939); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvg40155"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvf63718"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve18902"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve34335"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve38446"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvg65072"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvh87448"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCve61540"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvh23085"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-BUG-ID", value:"CSCvh95456"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa1"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa2"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa3"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asaanyconnect"); script_xref(name:"CISCO-SA", value:"cisco-sa-20180418-asa_inspect"); script_name(english:"Cisco FTD Multiple Vulnerabilities (cisco-sa-20180418-asa1 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa2 / cisco-sa-20180418-asa3 / cisco-sa-20180418-asaanyconnect / cisco-sa-20180418-asa_inspect)"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote device is missing a vendor-supplied security patch."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "According to its self-reported version the Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) software running on the remote device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. 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script_set_attribute(attribute:"potential_vulnerability", value:"true"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"CISCO"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl", "cisco_asa_firepower_version.nasl", "cisco_enumerate_firepower.nbin"); script_require_keys("installed_sw/Cisco Firepower Threat Defense", "Settings/ParanoidReport"); exit(0); } include('vcf.inc'); include('audit.inc'); include('cisco_workarounds.inc'); include('ccf.inc'); if (report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_PARANOID); app = 'Cisco Firepower Threat Defense'; # Based on the advisory, it seems we're looking only for FTD and not FXOS app_info = vcf::get_app_info(app:app); product_info = make_array('model' , app_info['Model'], 'version' , app_info['version'], 'name', app); model = product_info['model']; if ( model !~ '^55[0-9][0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # 5500 & 5500-X model !~ '^65[0-9][0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # 6500 model !~ '^76[0-9][0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # 7600 model !~ '^93[0-9][0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # Firepower 9300 ASA model !~ '^21[0-9][0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # Firepower 2100 SSA model !~ '^411[0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # Firepower 4110 SA model !~ '^30[0-9][0-9]($|[^0-9])' && # ISA 3000 model != 'v' # FTD v ) audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'an affected Cisco FTD product'); vuln_ranges = [ {'min_ver' : '6.0', 'fix_ver' : '6.1.0.6'}, {'min_ver' : '6.2.0', 'fix_ver' : '6.2.0.5'}, {'min_ver' : '6.2.1', 'fix_ver' : '6.2.2.2'}, {'min_ver' : '6.2.3', 'fix_ver' : '6.2.3.1'} ]; workarounds = make_list(CISCO_WORKAROUNDS['no_workaround']); workaround_params = make_list(); cbi = 'CSCvg40155, CSCvf63718, CSCve18902, CSCve34335, CSCve38446, CSCvg65072, CSCvh87448, CSCve61540, CSCvh23085, and CSCvh95456'; reporting = make_array( 'port' , 0, 'severity' , SECURITY_WARNING, 'version' , product_info['version'], 'bug_id' , cbi ); cisco::check_and_report( product_info:product_info, workarounds:workarounds, workaround_params:workaround_params, reporting:reporting, vuln_ranges:vuln_ranges );