Vulnerabilities > CVE-2016-4675 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in Apple products

047910
CVSS 9.3 - CRITICAL
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
MEDIUM
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
COMPLETE
Integrity impact
COMPLETE
Availability impact
COMPLETE
network
apple
CWE-264
critical
nessus

Summary

An issue was discovered in certain Apple products. iOS before 10.1 is affected. macOS before 10.12.1 is affected. tvOS before 10.0.1 is affected. watchOS before 3.1 is affected. The issue involves the "libxpc" component. It allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context via a crafted app.

Vulnerable Configurations

Part Description Count
OS
Apple
308

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files
    An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
  • Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
    An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
  • Blue Boxing
    This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
  • Restful Privilege Elevation
    Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
  • Target Programs with Elevated Privileges
    This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.

Nessus

  • NASL familyMisc.
    NASL idAPPLETV_10_0_1.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device is prior to 10.0.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities : - A flaw exists in WebKit when handling the location attribute that allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass the cross-origin policies and disclose sensitive user information. (CVE-2016-4613) - An out-of-bounds read error exists in the FontParser component when handling specially crafted font files that allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to disclose sensitive information. (CVE-2016-4660) - An unspecified flaw exists in the Sandbox Profiles component that allows a local attacker, via a specially crafted application, to disclose the metadata of photo directories. (CVE-2016-4664) - An unspecified flaw exists in the Sandbox Profiles component that allows a local attacker, via a specially crafted application, to disclose the metadata of audio recordings. (CVE-2016-4665) - Multiple memory corruption issues exist in Webkit due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit these to execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-4666, CVE-2016-4677, CVE-2016-7578) - Multiple unspecified flaws exist in the System Boot component, within MIG generated code, due to improper validation of input. A local attacker can exploit these to terminate the system or execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges. (CVE-2016-4669) - A memory corruption issue exists in the CoreGraphics component when handling specially crafted JPEG files. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a specially crafted file, to cause a denial of service condition or the execution of arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-4673) - An unspecified logic issue exists in libxpc that allows a local attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges. (CVE-2016-4675) - A flaw exists in libarchive due to improper path validation when creating temporary files during archive extraction. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a symlink attack, to overwrite arbitrary files. (CVE-2016-4679) - An unspecified flaw exists in the Kernel component due to improper sanitization of input. A local attacker can exploit this to disclose kernel memory contents. (CVE-2016-4680) - An overflow condition exists in the FontParser component due to improper validation when parsing font files. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this to cause a buffer overflow, resulting in a denial of service condition or the execution of arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-4688) - A flaw exists in the CFNetwork Proxies component when handling proxy credentials that allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to disclose sensitive user information. (CVE-2016-7579) - A flaw exists in the AppleMobileFileIntegrity component due to improper validation of code signatures. A local attacker can exploit this to have a signed executable substitute code with the same team ID. (CVE-2016-7584) - Multiple race conditions exist in various IOKit drivers related to how they use task struct pointers. A local attacker can exploit this to execute arbitrary code with kernel-level privileges. (CVE-2016-7613) Note that only 4th generation models are affected by these vulnerabilities.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id94337
    published2016-10-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/94337
    titleApple TV < 10.0.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(94337);
      script_version("1.10");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/14");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2016-4613",
        "CVE-2016-4660",
        "CVE-2016-4664",
        "CVE-2016-4665",
        "CVE-2016-4666",
        "CVE-2016-4669",
        "CVE-2016-4673",
        "CVE-2016-4675",
        "CVE-2016-4677",
        "CVE-2016-4679",
        "CVE-2016-4680",
        "CVE-2016-4688",
        "CVE-2016-7578",
        "CVE-2016-7579",
        "CVE-2016-7584",
        "CVE-2016-7613"
      );
      script_bugtraq_id(
        93849,
        93851,
        93853,
        93854,
        93856,
        93949,
        94116,
        94571,
        94572
      );
    
      script_name(english:"Apple TV < 10.0.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the build number.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote Apple TV device is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "According to its banner, the version of Apple TV on the remote device
    is prior to 10.0.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities :
    
      - A flaw exists in WebKit when handling the location
        attribute that allows an unauthenticated, remote
        attacker to bypass the cross-origin policies and
        disclose sensitive user information. (CVE-2016-4613)
    
      - An out-of-bounds read error exists in the FontParser
        component when handling specially crafted font files
        that allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to
        disclose sensitive information. (CVE-2016-4660)
    
      - An unspecified flaw exists in the Sandbox Profiles
        component that allows a local attacker, via a specially
        crafted application, to disclose the metadata of photo
        directories. (CVE-2016-4664)
    
      - An unspecified flaw exists in the Sandbox Profiles
        component that allows a local attacker, via a specially
        crafted application, to disclose the metadata of audio
        recordings. (CVE-2016-4665)
    
      - Multiple memory corruption issues exist in Webkit due
        to improper validation of user-supplied input. An
        unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit these to
        execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2016-4666, CVE-2016-4677,
        CVE-2016-7578)
    
      - Multiple unspecified flaws exist in the System Boot
        component, within MIG generated code, due to improper
        validation of input. A local attacker can exploit these
        to terminate the system or execute arbitrary code with
        elevated privileges. (CVE-2016-4669)
    
      - A memory corruption issue exists in the CoreGraphics
        component when handling specially crafted JPEG files. An
        unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this, via a
        specially crafted file, to cause a denial of service
        condition or the execution of arbitrary code.
        (CVE-2016-4673)
    
      - An unspecified logic issue exists in libxpc that allows
        a local attacker to execute arbitrary code with root
        privileges. (CVE-2016-4675)
    
      - A flaw exists in libarchive due to improper path
        validation when creating temporary files during archive
        extraction. An unauthenticated, remote attacker can
        exploit this, via a symlink attack, to overwrite
        arbitrary files. (CVE-2016-4679)
    
      - An unspecified flaw exists in the Kernel component due
        to improper sanitization of input. A local attacker can
        exploit this to disclose kernel memory contents.
        (CVE-2016-4680)
    
      - An overflow condition exists in the FontParser component
        due to improper validation when parsing font files. An
        unauthenticated, remote attacker can exploit this to
        cause a buffer overflow, resulting in a denial of
        service condition or the execution of arbitrary code.
        (CVE-2016-4688)
    
      - A flaw exists in the CFNetwork Proxies component when
        handling proxy credentials that allows a
        man-in-the-middle attacker to disclose sensitive user
        information. (CVE-2016-7579)
    
      - A flaw exists in the AppleMobileFileIntegrity component
        due to improper validation of code signatures. A local
        attacker can exploit this to have a signed executable
        substitute code with the same team ID. (CVE-2016-7584)
    
      - Multiple race conditions exist in various IOKit drivers
        related to how they use task struct pointers. A local
        attacker can exploit this to execute arbitrary code with
        kernel-level privileges. (CVE-2016-7613)
    
    Note that only 4th generation models are affected by these
    vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT207270");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Upgrade to Apple TV version 10.0.1 or later. Note that this update is
    only available for 4th generation models.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2016-7613");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/10/24");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/10/24");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/10/27");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:apple:apple_tv");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"Misc.");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
    
      script_dependencies("appletv_version.nasl");
      script_require_keys("AppleTV/Version", "AppleTV/Model", "AppleTV/URL", "AppleTV/Port");
      script_require_ports("Services/www", 7000);
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("appletv_func.inc");
    
    url = get_kb_item('AppleTV/URL');
    if (empty_or_null(url)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV URL.');
    port = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Port');
    if (empty_or_null(port)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV port.');
    
    build = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Version');
    if (empty_or_null(build)) audit(AUDIT_UNKNOWN_DEVICE_VER, 'Apple TV');
    
    model = get_kb_item('AppleTV/Model');
    if (empty_or_null(model)) exit(0, 'Cannot determine Apple TV model.');
    
    fixed_build = "14U71";
    tvos_ver = '10.0.1';
    
    # determine gen from the model
    gen = APPLETV_MODEL_GEN[model];
    
    appletv_check_version(
      build          : build,
      fix            : fixed_build,
      affected_gen   : 4,
      fix_tvos_ver   : tvos_ver,
      model          : model,
      gen            : gen,
      port           : port,
      url            : url,
      severity       : SECURITY_HOLE
    );
    
  • NASL familyMacOS X Local Security Checks
    NASL idMACOS_10_12_1.NASL
    descriptionThe remote host is running a version of Mac OS X that is 10.12.x prior to macOS 10.12.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities in the following components : - ATS - AppleMobileFileIntegrity - AppleSMC - CFNetwork Proxies - CoreGraphics - FaceTime - FontParser - IDS - Connectivity - Kernel - libarchive - libxpc - ntfs - Security - Thunderbolt Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can result in arbitrary code execution.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id94253
    published2016-10-25
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/94253
    titlemacOS 10.12.x < 10.12.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(94253);
      script_version("1.13");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/14");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2016-4660",
        "CVE-2016-4661",
        "CVE-2016-4667",
        "CVE-2016-4669",
        "CVE-2016-4670",
        "CVE-2016-4673",
        "CVE-2016-4674",
        "CVE-2016-4675",
        "CVE-2016-4678",
        "CVE-2016-4679",
        "CVE-2016-4688",
        "CVE-2016-4721",
        "CVE-2016-4780",
        "CVE-2016-7577",
        "CVE-2016-7579",
        "CVE-2016-7584",
        "CVE-2016-7613"
      );
      script_bugtraq_id(
        93849,
        93852,
        93856,
        94116,
        94429,
        94433,
        94571,
        94572,
        96332
      );
      script_xref(name:"APPLE-SA", value:"APPLE-SA-2016-10-24-2");
    
      script_name(english:"macOS 10.12.x < 10.12.1 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Mac OS X / macOS.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote host is missing a macOS update that fixes multiple security
    vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "The remote host is running a version of Mac OS X that is 10.12.x
    prior to macOS 10.12.1. It is, therefore, affected by multiple
    vulnerabilities in the following components :
    
      - ATS
      - AppleMobileFileIntegrity
      - AppleSMC
      - CFNetwork Proxies
      - CoreGraphics
      - FaceTime
      - FontParser
      - IDS - Connectivity
      - Kernel
      - libarchive
      - libxpc
      - ntfs
      - Security
      - Thunderbolt
    
    Note that successful exploitation of the most serious issues can
    result in arbitrary code execution.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT207275");
      # http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2016/Oct/msg00001.html
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?d9a074e5");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Upgrade to macOS version 10.12.1 or later.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
      script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:P/RL:O/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2016-7613");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"Exploits are available");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"true");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/10/24");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/10/24");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/10/25");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"combined");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:mac_os_x");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:apple:macos");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"MacOS X Local Security Checks");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");
    
      script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl", "os_fingerprint.nasl");
      script_require_ports("Host/MacOSX/Version", "Host/OS");
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("global_settings.inc");
    include("misc_func.inc");
    
    os = get_kb_item("Host/MacOSX/Version");
    if (!os)
    {
      os = get_kb_item_or_exit("Host/OS");
      if ("Mac OS X" >!< os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");
    
      c = get_kb_item("Host/OS/Confidence");
      if (c <= 70) exit(1, "Can't determine the host's OS with sufficient confidence.");
    }
    if (!os) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "macOS / Mac OS X");
    
    matches = eregmatch(pattern:"Mac OS X ([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)+)", string:os);
    if (isnull(matches)) exit(1, "Failed to parse the macOS / Mac OS X version ('" + os + "').");
    
    version = matches[1];
    if (version !~ "^10\.12($|[^0-9])")
      audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "macOS / Mac OS X", version);
    
    fixed_version = "10.12.1";
    if (ver_compare(ver:version, fix:fixed_version, strict:FALSE) == -1)
    {
      security_report_v4(
        port:0,
        severity:SECURITY_HOLE,
        extra:
          '\n  Installed version : ' + version +
          '\n  Fixed version     : ' + fixed_version +
          '\n'
      );
    }
    else audit(AUDIT_INST_VER_NOT_VULN, "macOS / Mac OS X", version);