Vulnerabilities > CVE-2016-3228 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2012

047910
CVSS 9.0 - CRITICAL
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
SINGLE
Confidentiality impact
COMPLETE
Integrity impact
COMPLETE
Availability impact
COMPLETE
network
low complexity
microsoft
CWE-20
critical
nessus

Summary

Microsoft Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1 and Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a crafted NetLogon request, aka "Windows Netlogon Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
  • Cross Zone Scripting
    An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
  • Cross Site Scripting through Log Files
    An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.

Msbulletin

bulletin_idMS16-076
bulletin_url
date2016-06-14T00:00:00
impactRemote Code Execution
knowledgebase_id3167691
knowledgebase_url
severityImportant
titleSecurity Update for Netlogon

Nessus

NASL familyWindows : Microsoft Bulletins
NASL idSMB_NT_MS16-076.NASL
descriptionThe remote Windows host is missing a security update. It is, therefore, affected by a remote code execution vulnerability due to improper handling of objects in memory. A domain-authenticated attacker can exploit this, via a specially crafted Netlogon request to a domain controller, to execute arbitrary code.
last seen2020-06-01
modified2020-06-02
plugin id91604
published2016-06-14
reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/91604
titleMS16-076: Security Update for Netlogon (3167691)
code
#
# (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
#

include("compat.inc");

if (description)
{
  script_id(91604);
  script_version("1.9");
  script_cvs_date("Date: 2019/11/19");

  script_cve_id("CVE-2016-3228");
  script_bugtraq_id(91120);
  script_xref(name:"MSFT", value:"MS16-076");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"3161561");
  script_xref(name:"MSKB", value:"3162343");
  script_xref(name:"IAVA", value:"2016-A-0152");

  script_name(english:"MS16-076: Security Update for Netlogon (3167691)");
  script_summary(english:"Checks the version of wdigest.dll.");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
"The remote Windows host is affected by a remote code execution
vulnerability.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
"The remote Windows host is missing a security update. It is,
therefore, affected by a remote code execution vulnerability due to
improper handling of objects in memory. A domain-authenticated
attacker can exploit this, via a specially crafted Netlogon request to
a domain controller, to execute arbitrary code.");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/SecurityBulletins/2016/ms16-076");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
"Microsoft has released a set of patches for Windows 2008, 2008 R2,
2012, and 2012 R2.");
  script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C");
  script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
  script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H");
  script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2016-3228");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2016/06/14");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2016/06/14");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/06/14");

  script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:microsoft:windows");
  script_set_attribute(attribute:"stig_severity", value:"II");
  script_end_attributes();

  script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
  script_family(english:"Windows : Microsoft Bulletins");

  script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2019 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.");

  script_dependencies("smb_hotfixes.nasl", "ms_bulletin_checks_possible.nasl");
  script_require_keys("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");
  script_require_ports(139, 445, "Host/patch_management_checks");

  exit(0);
}

include("audit.inc");
include("smb_hotfixes_fcheck.inc");
include("smb_hotfixes.inc");
include("smb_func.inc");
include("misc_func.inc");

get_kb_item_or_exit("SMB/MS_Bulletin_Checks/Possible");

bulletin = 'MS16-076';
kbs = make_list(
  "3161561",
  "3162343"
);

if (get_kb_item("Host/patch_management_checks")) hotfix_check_3rd_party(bulletin:bulletin, kbs:kbs, severity:SECURITY_HOLE);

get_kb_item_or_exit("SMB/Registry/Enumerated");
get_kb_item_or_exit("SMB/WindowsVersion", exit_code:1);

if (hotfix_check_sp_range(vista:'2', win7:'1', win8:'0', win81:'0') <= 0) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);

productname = get_kb_item_or_exit("SMB/ProductName", exit_code:1);
# non-server OSes are not affected
if ("Server" >!< productname) audit(AUDIT_OS_SP_NOT_VULN);

share = hotfix_get_systemdrive(as_share:TRUE, exit_on_fail:TRUE);
if (!is_accessible_share(share:share)) audit(AUDIT_SHARE_FAIL, share);


if (
  # Windows Server 2012 R2
  hotfix_is_vulnerable(os:"6.3", sp:0, file:"wdigest.dll", version:"6.3.9600.18334", min_version:"6.3.9600.16000", dir:"\system32", bulletin:bulletin, kb:"3162343") ||

  # Windows Server 2012
  hotfix_is_vulnerable(os:"6.2", sp:0, file:"wdigest.dll", version:"6.2.9200.21858", min_version:"6.2.9200.16000", dir:"\system32", bulletin:bulletin, kb:"3161561") ||

  # Server 2008 R2
  hotfix_is_vulnerable(os:"6.1", sp:1, file:"wdigest.dll", version:"6.1.7601.23452", min_version:"6.1.7600.16000", dir:"\system32", bulletin:bulletin, kb:"3161561") ||

  # Windows Server 2008
  hotfix_is_vulnerable(os:"6.0", sp:2, file:"wdigest.dll", version:"6.0.6002.23974", min_version:"6.0.6002.20000", dir:"\system32", bulletin:bulletin, kb:"3161561") ||
  hotfix_is_vulnerable(os:"6.0", sp:2, file:"wdigest.dll", version:"6.0.6002.19659", min_version:"6.0.6002.18000", dir:"\system32", bulletin:bulletin, kb:"3161561")
)
{
  set_kb_item(name:'SMB/Missing/'+bulletin, value:TRUE);
  hotfix_security_hole();
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  exit(0);
}
else
{
  hotfix_check_fversion_end();
  audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, 'affected');
}