Vulnerabilities > CVE-2014-2522 - Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Haxx Curl and Libcurl

047910
CVSS 4.0 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
HIGH
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
PARTIAL
Integrity impact
PARTIAL
Availability impact
NONE
network
high complexity
haxx
microsoft
CWE-20
nessus

Summary

curl and libcurl 7.27.0 through 7.35.0, when running on Windows and using the SChannel/Winssl TLS backend, does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate when accessing a URL that uses a numerical IP address, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers via an arbitrary valid certificate.

Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
    This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the attacker finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
  • Server Side Include (SSI) Injection
    An attacker can use Server Side Include (SSI) Injection to send code to a web application that then gets executed by the web server. Doing so enables the attacker to achieve similar results to Cross Site Scripting, viz., arbitrary code execution and information disclosure, albeit on a more limited scale, since the SSI directives are nowhere near as powerful as a full-fledged scripting language. Nonetheless, the attacker can conveniently gain access to sensitive files, such as password files, and execute shell commands.
  • Cross Zone Scripting
    An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security. In a zone-based model, pages belong to one of a set of zones corresponding to the level of privilege assigned to that page. Pages in an untrusted zone would have a lesser level of access to the system and/or be restricted in the types of executable content it was allowed to invoke. In a cross-zone scripting attack, a page that should be assigned to a less privileged zone is granted the privileges of a more trusted zone. This can be accomplished by exploiting bugs in the browser, exploiting incorrect configuration in the zone controls, through a cross-site scripting attack that causes the attackers' content to be treated as coming from a more trusted page, or by leveraging some piece of system functionality that is accessible from both the trusted and less trusted zone. This attack differs from "Restful Privilege Escalation" in that the latter correlates to the inadequate securing of RESTful access methods (such as HTTP DELETE) on the server, while cross-zone scripting attacks the concept of security zones as implemented by a browser.
  • Cross Site Scripting through Log Files
    An attacker may leverage a system weakness where logs are susceptible to log injection to insert scripts into the system's logs. If these logs are later viewed by an administrator through a thin administrative interface and the log data is not properly HTML encoded before being written to the page, the attackers' scripts stored in the log will be executed in the administrative interface with potentially serious consequences. This attack pattern is really a combination of two other attack patterns: log injection and stored cross site scripting.
  • Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
    An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.

Nessus

  • NASL familyWeb Servers
    NASL idHPSMH_7_2_6.NASL
    descriptionAccording to the web server
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id90251
    published2016-03-29
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/90251
    titleHP System Management Homepage < 7.2.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities (FREAK)
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(90251);
      script_version("1.4");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/11/15 20:50:25");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2014-0015",
        "CVE-2014-0138",
        "CVE-2014-0139",
        "CVE-2014-2522",
        "CVE-2014-2641",
        "CVE-2014-3569",
        "CVE-2014-3570",
        "CVE-2014-3571",
        "CVE-2014-3572",
        "CVE-2014-8275",
        "CVE-2015-0204",
        "CVE-2015-0205",
        "CVE-2015-0206",
        "CVE-2015-0207",
        "CVE-2015-0208",
        "CVE-2015-0209",
        "CVE-2015-0285",
        "CVE-2015-0286",
        "CVE-2015-0287",
        "CVE-2015-0288",
        "CVE-2015-0289",
        "CVE-2015-0290",
        "CVE-2015-0291",
        "CVE-2015-0292",
        "CVE-2015-0293",
        "CVE-2015-1788",
        "CVE-2015-1789",
        "CVE-2015-1790",
        "CVE-2015-1791",
        "CVE-2015-1792",
        "CVE-2015-3143",
        "CVE-2015-3145",
        "CVE-2015-3148"
      );
      script_bugtraq_id(
        65270,
        66296,
        66457,
        66458,
        70208,
        71934,
        71935,
        71936,
        71937,
        71939,
        71940,
        71941,
        71942,
        73225,
        73226,
        73227,
        73228,
        73229,
        73230,
        73231,
        73232,
        73234,
        73235,
        73237,
        73239,
        74299,
        74301,
        74303,
        75154,
        75156,
        75157,
        75158,
        75161
      );
      script_xref(name:"CERT", value:"243585");
      script_xref(name:"HP", value:"HPSBMU03422");
      script_xref(name:"HP", value:"emr_na-c04805275");
      script_xref(name:"HP", value:"SSRT101438");
      script_xref(name:"HP", value:"SSRT101447");
      script_xref(name:"HP", value:"SSRT102109");
    
      script_name(english:"HP System Management Homepage < 7.2.6 Multiple Vulnerabilities (FREAK)");
      script_summary(english:"Checks version in the banner.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:"The remote web server is affected by multiple vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "According to the web server's banner, the version of HP System
    Management Homepage (SMH) hosted on the remote web server is prior to
    7.2.6. It is, therefore, affected by multiple vulnerabilities,
    including remote code execution vulnerabilities, in several components
    and third-party libraries :
    
      - HP SMH (XSRF)
        - libcurl
        - OpenSSL");
      # https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docId=emr_na-c04805275
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?5bc0a4e1");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20150108.txt");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.smacktls.com/#freak");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20150319.txt");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Upgrade to HP System Management Homepage (SMH) version 7.2.6 or later.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2014/01/14");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2015/08/18");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2016/03/29");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:hp:system_management_homepage");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:openssl:openssl");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:haxx:curl");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:haxx:libcurl");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"in_the_news", value:"true");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"Web Servers");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2016-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc.");
    
      script_dependencies("compaq_wbem_detect.nasl");
      script_require_keys("www/hp_smh");
      script_require_ports("Services/www", 2301, 2381);
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("global_settings.inc");
    include("misc_func.inc");
    include("http.inc");
    include("webapp_func.inc");
    
    get_kb_item_or_exit("www/hp_smh");
    
    port    = get_http_port(default:2381, embedded:TRUE);
    
    install = get_install_from_kb(appname:'hp_smh', port:port, exit_on_fail:TRUE);
    dir     = install['dir'];
    version = install['ver'];
    prod    = get_kb_item_or_exit("www/"+port+"/hp_smh/variant");
    
    if (version == UNKNOWN_VER) exit(1, 'The version of '+prod+' installed at '+build_url(port:port, qs:dir+"/")+' is unknown.');
    
    # nb: 'version' can have non-numeric characters in it so we'll create
    #     an alternate form and make sure that's safe for use in 'ver_compare()'.
    version_alt = ereg_replace(pattern:"[_-]", replace:".", string:version);
    if (!ereg(pattern:"^[0-9][0-9.]+$", string:version_alt)) exit(1, 'The version of '+prod+' installed at '+build_url(port:port, qs:dir+"/")+' does not look valid ('+version+').');
    
    fixed_version = '7.2.6';
    if (ver_compare(ver:version_alt, fix:fixed_version, strict:FALSE) == -1)
    {
      source_line = get_kb_item("www/"+port+"/hp_smh/source");
    
      report = '\n  Product           : ' + prod;
      if (!isnull(source_line))
        report += '\n  Version source    : ' + source_line;
      report +=
        '\n  Installed version : ' + version +
        '\n  Fixed version     : ' + fixed_version +
        '\n';
    
      security_report_v4(severity:SECURITY_HOLE, port:port, extra:report, xsrf:TRUE);
    }
    else audit(AUDIT_LISTEN_NOT_VULN, prod, port, version);
    
  • NASL familySlackware Local Security Checks
    NASL idSLACKWARE_SSA_2014-086-01.NASL
    descriptionNew curl packages are available for Slackware 13.0, 13.1, 13.37, 14.0, 14.1, and -current to fix security issues.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id73247
    published2014-03-31
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2014 Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/73247
    titleSlackware 13.0 / 13.1 / 13.37 / 14.0 / 14.1 / current : curl (SSA:2014-086-01)
  • NASL familyHuawei Local Security Checks
    NASL idEULEROS_SA-2019-1172.NASL
    descriptionAccording to the versions of the curl packages installed, the EulerOS Virtualization installation on the remote host is affected by the following vulnerabilities : - cURL and libcurl 7.18.0 through 7.32.0, when built with OpenSSL, disables the certificate CN and SAN name field verification (CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST) when the digital signature verification (CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER) is disabled, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers via an arbitrary valid certificate.i1/4^CVE-2013-4545i1/4%0 - The GnuTLS backend in libcurl 7.21.4 through 7.33.0, when disabling digital signature verification (CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER), also disables the CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST check for CN or SAN host name fields, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof servers and conduct man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks.i1/4^CVE-2013-6422i1/4%0 - cURL and libcurl 7.1 before 7.36.0, when using the OpenSSL, axtls, qsossl or gskit libraries for TLS, recognize a wildcard IP address in the subject
    last seen2020-03-19
    modified2019-04-09
    plugin id123858
    published2019-04-09
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2019-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/123858
    titleEulerOS Virtualization 2.5.3 : curl (EulerOS-SA-2019-1172)

Seebug

bulletinFamilyexploit
descriptionBUGTRAQ ID: 66296 CVE ID: CVE-2014-2522 cURL是命令行传输文件工具,支持FTP、FTPS、HTTP、HTTPS、GOPHER、TELNET、DICT、FILE和LDAP。 cURL/libcURL在服务器证书的验证上存在安全漏洞,成功利用后可导致中间人攻击或服务器欺骗。 0 cURL 目前厂商还没有提供补丁或者升级程序,我们建议使用此软件的用户随时关注厂商的主页以获取最新版本: http://curl.haxx.se/
idSSV:61887
last seen2017-11-19
modified2014-03-21
published2014-03-21
reporterRoot
titlecURL/libcURL SSL证书验证安全限制绕过漏洞