Vulnerabilities > CVE-2012-4734 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in Bestpractical RT

047910
CVSS 5.0 - MEDIUM
Attack vector
NETWORK
Attack complexity
LOW
Privileges required
NONE
Confidentiality impact
NONE
Integrity impact
PARTIAL
Availability impact
NONE
network
low complexity
bestpractical
CWE-264
nessus

Summary

Request Tracker (RT) 3.8.x before 3.8.15 and 4.0.x before 4.0.8 allows remote attackers to conduct a "confused deputy" attack to bypass the CSRF warning protection mechanism and cause victims to "modify arbitrary state" via unknown vectors related to a crafted link.

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

  • Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files
    An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
  • Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
    An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
  • Blue Boxing
    This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
  • Restful Privilege Elevation
    Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
  • Target Programs with Elevated Privileges
    This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.

Nessus

  • NASL familyCGI abuses
    NASL idRT_3_8_15_OR_4_0_8.NASL
    descriptionAccording to its self-reported version number, the Best Practical Solutions Request Tracker (RT) running on the remote web server is version 3.x prior to 3.8.15 or version 4.x prior to 4.0.8. It is, therefore, potentially affected by the following vulnerabilities : - Users can inject arbitrary headers into outgoing email provided they have ModifySelf or AdminUser privileges. A remote attacker could exploit this to gain sensitive information or conduct phishing attacks. (CVE-2012-4730) - Any privileged user can create articles in any class due to the application failing to properly verify user access rights. (CVE-2012-4731) - A cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists that allows a remote attacker to hijack the authentication of users for requests that toggle ticket bookmarks. (CVE-2012-4732) - A warning bypass vulnerability exists that allows a
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id63065
    published2012-11-27
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/63065
    titleRequest Tracker 3.x < 3.8.15 / 4.x < 4.0.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities
    code
    #
    # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    #
    
    include("compat.inc");
    
    if (description)
    {
      script_id(63065);
      script_version("1.10");
      script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/07/27 18:38:14");
    
      script_cve_id(
        "CVE-2012-4730",
        "CVE-2012-4731",
        "CVE-2012-4732",
        "CVE-2012-4734",
        "CVE-2012-4884",
        "CVE-2012-6578",
        "CVE-2012-6579",
        "CVE-2012-6580",
        "CVE-2012-6581"
      );
      script_bugtraq_id(56290, 56291);
    
      script_name(english:"Request Tracker 3.x < 3.8.15 / 4.x < 4.0.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities");
      script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Request Tracker.");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value:
    "The remote web server is running a Perl application that is affected
    by multiple vulnerabilities.");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value:
    "According to its self-reported version number, the Best Practical
    Solutions Request Tracker (RT) running on the remote web server is
    version 3.x prior to 3.8.15 or version 4.x prior to 4.0.8. It is,
    therefore, potentially affected by the following vulnerabilities :
    
      - Users can inject arbitrary headers into outgoing email
        provided they have ModifySelf or AdminUser privileges.
        A remote attacker could exploit this to gain sensitive
        information or conduct phishing attacks. (CVE-2012-4730)
    
      - Any privileged user can create articles in any class due
        to the application failing to properly verify user
        access rights. (CVE-2012-4731)
    
      - A cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists that
        allows a remote attacker to hijack the authentication
        of users for requests that toggle ticket bookmarks.
        (CVE-2012-4732)
    
      - A warning bypass vulnerability exists that allows a
        'confused deputy' attack during the handling of a
        specially crafted link. (CVE-2012-4734)
    
      - A vulnerability exists that allows an attacker to send
        arbitrary arguments to the command line for the GnuPG
        client (if GnuPG is enabled), which could result in the
        creation of arbitrary files with the permissions of the
        web server. (CVE-2012-4884)
    
      - Multiple vulnerabilities exist related to the improper
        signing or encryption of messages using GnuPG when GnuPG
        is enabled. (CVE-2012-6578, CVE-2012-6579,
        CVE-2012-6580, CVE-2012-6581)
    
    Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead
    relied only on the application's self-reported version number.");
      # http://blog.bestpractical.com/2012/10/security-vulnerabilities-in-rt.html
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?2181f5d2");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:
    "Upgrade to Request Tracker 3.8.15 / 4.0.8 or later.");
      script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P");
      script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No exploit is required");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2012/10/25");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2012/10/26");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2012/11/27");
    
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"potential_vulnerability", value:"true");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote");
      script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:bestpractical:rt");
      script_end_attributes();
    
      script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO);
      script_family(english:"CGI abuses");
    
      script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc.");
    
      script_dependencies("rt_detect.nasl");
      script_exclude_keys("Settings/disable_cgi_scanning");
      script_require_keys("installed_sw/RT", "Settings/ParanoidReport");
      script_require_ports("Services/www", 80);
    
      exit(0);
    }
    
    include("audit.inc");
    include("global_settings.inc");
    include("misc_func.inc");
    include("http.inc");
    include("install_func.inc");
    
    app = 'RT';
    get_install_count(app_name:app, exit_if_zero:TRUE);
    
    port = get_http_port(default:80);
    
    install = get_single_install(app_name:app, port:port, exit_if_unknown_ver:TRUE);
    
    if (report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_PARANOID);
    
    path    = install["path"];
    version = install["version"];
    install_loc = build_url(port:port, qs:path + "/");
    
    ver = split(version, sep:'.', keep:FALSE);
      for (i=0; i<max_index(ver); i++)
        ver[i] = int(ver[i]);
    
    # Versions 3.8.x / 4.0.x less than 3.8.15 / 4.0.8 are affected.
    if
    (
      ver[0] == 3 && ver[1] == 8 &&
      (
        (ver[2] < 15) ||
        (ver[2] == 15 && version =~ "(rc|pre|alpha|RC|test|CH|beta|preflight)")
      )
      ||
      (
        ver[0] == 4 && ver[1] == 0 &&
        (
          (ver[2] < 8) ||
          (ver[2] == 8 && version =~ "(rc|pre|alpha|RC|test|CH|beta|preflight)")
        )
      )
    )  
    {
      set_kb_item(name:'www/'+port+'/XSRF', value:TRUE);
      if (report_verbosity > 0)
      {
        report =
          '\n  URL               : ' +install_loc+
          '\n  Installed version : ' +version+
          '\n  Fixed version     : 3.8.15 / 4.0.8\n';
        security_warning(port:port, extra:report);
      }
      else security_warning(port);
    }
    else audit(AUDIT_WEB_APP_NOT_AFFECTED, app, install_loc, version);
    
  • NASL familyFedora Local Security Checks
    NASL idFEDORA_2012-17174.NASL
    description---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ChangeLog : - Sun Oct 28 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.15-1 - Upstream update (RH BZ 870407, CVE-2012-4730, CVE-2012-4732, CVE-2012-4734, CVE-2012-4735, CVE-2012-4884). - Sat Oct 6 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.14-1 - Upstream update. - Sat Jun 2 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.13-1 - Upstream update. - Tue May 22 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.12-1 - Upstream update. - Address various CVEs (BZ 824082). Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.
    last seen2020-03-17
    modified2012-11-08
    plugin id62845
    published2012-11-08
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62845
    titleFedora 17 : rt3-3.8.15-1.fc17 (2012-17174)
  • NASL familyFreeBSD Local Security Checks
    NASL idFREEBSD_PKG_4B738D54242711E29817C8600054B392.NASL
    descriptionBestPractical report : All versions of RT are vulnerable to an email header injection attack. Users with ModifySelf or AdminUser can cause RT to add arbitrary headers or content to outgoing mail. Depending on the scrips that are configured, this may be be leveraged for information leakage or phishing. RT 4.0.0 and above and RTFM 2.0.0 and above contain a vulnerability due to lack of proper rights checking, allowing any privileged user to create Articles in any class. All versions of RT with cross-site-request forgery (CSRF) protection (RT 3.8.12 and above, RT 4.0.6 and above, and any instances running the security patches released 2012-05-22) contain a vulnerability which incorrectly allows though CSRF requests which toggle ticket bookmarks. All versions of RT are vulnerable to a confused deputy attack on the user. While not strictly a CSRF attack, users who are not logged in who are tricked into following a malicious link may, after supplying their credentials, be subject to an attack which leverages their credentials to modify arbitrary state. While users who were logged in would have observed the CSRF protection page, users who were not logged in receive no such warning due to the intervening login process. RT has been extended to notify users of pending actions during the login process. RT 3.8.0 and above are susceptible to a number of vulnerabilities concerning improper signing or encryption of messages using GnuPG; if GnuPG is not enabled, none of the following affect you.
    last seen2020-06-01
    modified2020-06-02
    plugin id62793
    published2012-11-02
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62793
    titleFreeBSD : RT -- Multiple Vulnerabilities (4b738d54-2427-11e2-9817-c8600054b392)
  • NASL familyFedora Local Security Checks
    NASL idFEDORA_2012-17218.NASL
    description---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ChangeLog : - Sun Oct 28 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.15-1 - Upstream update (RH BZ 870407, CVE-2012-4730, CVE-2012-4732, CVE-2012-4734, CVE-2012-4735, CVE-2012-4884). - Sat Oct 6 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.14-1 - Upstream update. - Sat Jun 2 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.13-1 - Upstream update. - Tue May 22 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.12-1 - Upstream update. - Address various CVEs (BZ 824082). - Thu Feb 2 2012 Ralf Corsepius <corsepiu at fedoraproject.org> - 3.8.11-7 - Fix shebangs. - Make testsuite files executable (enables rpm
    last seen2020-03-17
    modified2012-11-08
    plugin id62846
    published2012-11-08
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62846
    titleFedora 16 : rt3-3.8.15-1.fc16 (2012-17218)
  • NASL familyDebian Local Security Checks
    NASL idDEBIAN_DSA-2567.NASL
    descriptionSeveral vulnerabilities were discovered in Request Tracker (RT), an issue tracking system. - CVE-2012-4730 Authenticated users can add arbitrary headers or content to mail generated by RT. - CVE-2012-4732 A CSRF vulnerability may allow attackers to toggle ticket bookmarks. - CVE-2012-4734 If users follow a crafted URI and log in to RT, they may trigger actions which would ordinarily blocked by the CSRF prevention logic. - CVE-2012-6578, CVE-2012-6579, CVE-2012-6580, CVE-2012-6581 Several different vulnerabilities in GnuPG processing allow attackers to cause RT to improperly sign outgoing email. - CVE-2012-4884 If GnuPG support is enabled, authenticated users can create arbitrary files as the web server user, which may enable arbitrary code execution. Please note that if you run request-tracker3.8 under the Apache web server, you must stop and start Apache manually. The
    last seen2020-03-17
    modified2012-10-29
    plugin id62722
    published2012-10-29
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62722
    titleDebian DSA-2567-1 : request-tracker3.8 - several vulnerabilities
  • NASL familyFedora Local Security Checks
    NASL idFEDORA_2012-17143.NASL
    description---------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Note that Tenable Network Security has extracted the preceding description block directly from the Fedora security advisory. Tenable has attempted to automatically clean and format it as much as possible without introducing additional issues.
    last seen2020-03-17
    modified2012-11-08
    plugin id62844
    published2012-11-08
    reporterThis script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 Tenable Network Security, Inc.
    sourcehttps://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62844
    titleFedora 18 : rt3-3.8.15-1.fc18 (2012-17143)