Vulnerabilities > CVE-2012-4731 - Permissions, Privileges, and Access Controls vulnerability in Bestpractical Rtfm
Attack vector
UNKNOWN Attack complexity
UNKNOWN Privileges required
UNKNOWN Confidentiality impact
UNKNOWN Integrity impact
UNKNOWN Availability impact
UNKNOWN Summary
FAQ manager for Request Tracker (RTFM) before 2.4.5 does not properly check user rights, which allows remote authenticated users to create arbitrary articles in arbitrary classes via unknown vectors.
Vulnerable Configurations
Part | Description | Count |
---|---|---|
Application | 7 |
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Accessing, Modifying or Executing Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an attacker to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an attacker to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
- Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files, when the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high. The attack can be directed at a client system, such as causing buffer overrun through loading seemingly benign image files, as in Microsoft Security Bulletin MS04-028 where specially crafted JPEG files could cause a buffer overrun once loaded into the browser. Another example targets clients reading pdf files. In this case the attacker simply appends javascript to the end of a legitimate url for a pdf (http://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/danger-danger-danger/) http://path/to/pdf/file.pdf#whatever_name_you_want=javascript:your_code_here The client assumes that they are reading a pdf, but the attacker has modified the resource and loaded executable javascript into the client's browser process. The attack can also target server processes. The attacker edits the resource or configuration file, for example a web.xml file used to configure security permissions for a J2EE app server, adding role name "public" grants all users with the public role the ability to use the administration functionality. The server trusts its configuration file to be correct, but when they are manipulated, the attacker gains full control.
- Blue Boxing This type of attack against older telephone switches and trunks has been around for decades. A tone is sent by an adversary to impersonate a supervisor signal which has the effect of rerouting or usurping command of the line. While the US infrastructure proper may not contain widespread vulnerabilities to this type of attack, many companies are connected globally through call centers and business process outsourcing. These international systems may be operated in countries which have not upgraded Telco infrastructure and so are vulnerable to Blue boxing. Blue boxing is a result of failure on the part of the system to enforce strong authorization for administrative functions. While the infrastructure is different than standard current applications like web applications, there are historical lessons to be learned to upgrade the access control for administrative functions.
- Restful Privilege Elevation Rest uses standard HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permissions methods, but these are not necessarily correlated generally with back end programs. Strict interpretation of HTTP get methods means that these HTTP Get services should not be used to delete information on the server, but there is no access control mechanism to back up this logic. This means that unless the services are properly ACL'd and the application's service implementation are following these guidelines then an HTTP request can easily execute a delete or update on the server side. The attacker identifies a HTTP Get URL such as http://victimsite/updateOrder, which calls out to a program to update orders on a database or other resource. The URL is not idempotent so the request can be submitted multiple times by the attacker, additionally, the attacker may be able to exploit the URL published as a Get method that actually performs updates (instead of merely retrieving data). This may result in malicious or inadvertent altering of data on the server.
- Target Programs with Elevated Privileges This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The attacker would try to leverage a bug in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges. For instance an attacker would look for programs that write to the system directories or registry keys (such as HKLM, which stores a number of critical Windows environment variables). These programs are typically running with elevated privileges and have usually not been designed with security in mind. Such programs are excellent exploit targets because they yield lots of power when they break. The malicious user try to execute its code at the same level as a privileged system call.
Nessus
NASL family CGI abuses NASL id RT_3_8_15_OR_4_0_8.NASL description According to its self-reported version number, the Best Practical Solutions Request Tracker (RT) running on the remote web server is version 3.x prior to 3.8.15 or version 4.x prior to 4.0.8. It is, therefore, potentially affected by the following vulnerabilities : - Users can inject arbitrary headers into outgoing email provided they have ModifySelf or AdminUser privileges. A remote attacker could exploit this to gain sensitive information or conduct phishing attacks. (CVE-2012-4730) - Any privileged user can create articles in any class due to the application failing to properly verify user access rights. (CVE-2012-4731) - A cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists that allows a remote attacker to hijack the authentication of users for requests that toggle ticket bookmarks. (CVE-2012-4732) - A warning bypass vulnerability exists that allows a last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 63065 published 2012-11-27 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/63065 title Request Tracker 3.x < 3.8.15 / 4.x < 4.0.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(63065); script_version("1.10"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/07/27 18:38:14"); script_cve_id( "CVE-2012-4730", "CVE-2012-4731", "CVE-2012-4732", "CVE-2012-4734", "CVE-2012-4884", "CVE-2012-6578", "CVE-2012-6579", "CVE-2012-6580", "CVE-2012-6581" ); script_bugtraq_id(56290, 56291); script_name(english:"Request Tracker 3.x < 3.8.15 / 4.x < 4.0.8 Multiple Vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks the version of Request Tracker."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote web server is running a Perl application that is affected by multiple vulnerabilities."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "According to its self-reported version number, the Best Practical Solutions Request Tracker (RT) running on the remote web server is version 3.x prior to 3.8.15 or version 4.x prior to 4.0.8. It is, therefore, potentially affected by the following vulnerabilities : - Users can inject arbitrary headers into outgoing email provided they have ModifySelf or AdminUser privileges. A remote attacker could exploit this to gain sensitive information or conduct phishing attacks. (CVE-2012-4730) - Any privileged user can create articles in any class due to the application failing to properly verify user access rights. (CVE-2012-4731) - A cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists that allows a remote attacker to hijack the authentication of users for requests that toggle ticket bookmarks. (CVE-2012-4732) - A warning bypass vulnerability exists that allows a 'confused deputy' attack during the handling of a specially crafted link. (CVE-2012-4734) - A vulnerability exists that allows an attacker to send arbitrary arguments to the command line for the GnuPG client (if GnuPG is enabled), which could result in the creation of arbitrary files with the permissions of the web server. (CVE-2012-4884) - Multiple vulnerabilities exist related to the improper signing or encryption of messages using GnuPG when GnuPG is enabled. (CVE-2012-6578, CVE-2012-6579, CVE-2012-6580, CVE-2012-6581) Note that Nessus has not tested for these issues but has instead relied only on the application's self-reported version number."); # http://blog.bestpractical.com/2012/10/security-vulnerabilities-in-rt.html script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?2181f5d2"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value: "Upgrade to Request Tracker 3.8.15 / 4.0.8 or later."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No exploit is required"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2012/10/25"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2012/10/26"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2012/11/27"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"potential_vulnerability", value:"true"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:bestpractical:rt"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"CGI abuses"); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc."); script_dependencies("rt_detect.nasl"); script_exclude_keys("Settings/disable_cgi_scanning"); script_require_keys("installed_sw/RT", "Settings/ParanoidReport"); script_require_ports("Services/www", 80); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); include("http.inc"); include("install_func.inc"); app = 'RT'; get_install_count(app_name:app, exit_if_zero:TRUE); port = get_http_port(default:80); install = get_single_install(app_name:app, port:port, exit_if_unknown_ver:TRUE); if (report_paranoia < 2) audit(AUDIT_PARANOID); path = install["path"]; version = install["version"]; install_loc = build_url(port:port, qs:path + "/"); ver = split(version, sep:'.', keep:FALSE); for (i=0; i<max_index(ver); i++) ver[i] = int(ver[i]); # Versions 3.8.x / 4.0.x less than 3.8.15 / 4.0.8 are affected. if ( ver[0] == 3 && ver[1] == 8 && ( (ver[2] < 15) || (ver[2] == 15 && version =~ "(rc|pre|alpha|RC|test|CH|beta|preflight)") ) || ( ver[0] == 4 && ver[1] == 0 && ( (ver[2] < 8) || (ver[2] == 8 && version =~ "(rc|pre|alpha|RC|test|CH|beta|preflight)") ) ) ) { set_kb_item(name:'www/'+port+'/XSRF', value:TRUE); if (report_verbosity > 0) { report = '\n URL : ' +install_loc+ '\n Installed version : ' +version+ '\n Fixed version : 3.8.15 / 4.0.8\n'; security_warning(port:port, extra:report); } else security_warning(port); } else audit(AUDIT_WEB_APP_NOT_AFFECTED, app, install_loc, version);
NASL family Debian Local Security Checks NASL id DEBIAN_DSA-2568.NASL description It was discovered that RTFM, the FAQ manager for Request Tracker, allows authenticated users to create articles in any class. last seen 2020-03-17 modified 2012-10-29 plugin id 62723 published 2012-10-29 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62723 title Debian DSA-2568-1 : rtfm - privilege escalation code #%NASL_MIN_LEVEL 80502 # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Debian Security Advisory DSA-2568. The text # itself is copyright (C) Software in the Public Interest, Inc. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(62723); script_version("1.10"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_modification_date", value:"2020/03/12"); script_cve_id("CVE-2012-4731"); script_bugtraq_id(56291); script_xref(name:"DSA", value:"2568"); script_name(english:"Debian DSA-2568-1 : rtfm - privilege escalation"); script_summary(english:"Checks dpkg output for the updated package"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value:"The remote Debian host is missing a security-related update." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "It was discovered that RTFM, the FAQ manager for Request Tracker, allows authenticated users to create articles in any class." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://packages.debian.org/source/squeeze/rtfm" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2568" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"solution", value: "Upgrade the rtfm packages. For the stable distribution (squeeze), this problem has been fixed in version 2.4.2-4+squeeze2." ); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:debian:debian_linux:rtfm"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:debian:debian_linux:6.0"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2012/10/26"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2012/10/29"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2020 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"Debian Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Debian/release", "Host/Debian/dpkg-l"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("debian_package.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Debian"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/Debian/dpkg-l")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); flag = 0; if (deb_check(release:"6.0", prefix:"rt3.8-rtfm", reference:"2.4.2-4+squeeze2")) flag++; if (flag) { if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:deb_report_get()); else security_warning(0); exit(0); } else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
NASL family FreeBSD Local Security Checks NASL id FREEBSD_PKG_4B738D54242711E29817C8600054B392.NASL description BestPractical report : All versions of RT are vulnerable to an email header injection attack. Users with ModifySelf or AdminUser can cause RT to add arbitrary headers or content to outgoing mail. Depending on the scrips that are configured, this may be be leveraged for information leakage or phishing. RT 4.0.0 and above and RTFM 2.0.0 and above contain a vulnerability due to lack of proper rights checking, allowing any privileged user to create Articles in any class. All versions of RT with cross-site-request forgery (CSRF) protection (RT 3.8.12 and above, RT 4.0.6 and above, and any instances running the security patches released 2012-05-22) contain a vulnerability which incorrectly allows though CSRF requests which toggle ticket bookmarks. All versions of RT are vulnerable to a confused deputy attack on the user. While not strictly a CSRF attack, users who are not logged in who are tricked into following a malicious link may, after supplying their credentials, be subject to an attack which leverages their credentials to modify arbitrary state. While users who were logged in would have observed the CSRF protection page, users who were not logged in receive no such warning due to the intervening login process. RT has been extended to notify users of pending actions during the login process. RT 3.8.0 and above are susceptible to a number of vulnerabilities concerning improper signing or encryption of messages using GnuPG; if GnuPG is not enabled, none of the following affect you. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 62793 published 2012-11-02 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/62793 title FreeBSD : RT -- Multiple Vulnerabilities (4b738d54-2427-11e2-9817-c8600054b392) code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from the FreeBSD VuXML database : # # Copyright 2003-2018 Jacques Vidrine and contributors # # Redistribution and use in source (VuXML) and 'compiled' forms (SGML, # HTML, PDF, PostScript, RTF and so forth) with or without modification, # are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: # 1. Redistributions of source code (VuXML) must retain the above # copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following # disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified. # 2. Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs, # published online in any format, converted to PDF, PostScript, # RTF and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright # notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer # in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the # distribution. # # THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" # AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, # THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR # PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS # BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, # OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT # OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR # BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, # WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE # OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION, # EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(62793); script_version("1.6"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/11/10 11:49:43"); script_cve_id("CVE-2012-4730", "CVE-2012-4731", "CVE-2012-4732", "CVE-2012-4734", "CVE-2012-4884", "CVE-2012-6578", "CVE-2012-6579", "CVE-2012-6580", "CVE-2012-6581"); script_name(english:"FreeBSD : RT -- Multiple Vulnerabilities (4b738d54-2427-11e2-9817-c8600054b392)"); script_summary(english:"Checks for updated packages in pkg_info output"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote FreeBSD host is missing one or more security-related updates." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "BestPractical report : All versions of RT are vulnerable to an email header injection attack. Users with ModifySelf or AdminUser can cause RT to add arbitrary headers or content to outgoing mail. Depending on the scrips that are configured, this may be be leveraged for information leakage or phishing. RT 4.0.0 and above and RTFM 2.0.0 and above contain a vulnerability due to lack of proper rights checking, allowing any privileged user to create Articles in any class. All versions of RT with cross-site-request forgery (CSRF) protection (RT 3.8.12 and above, RT 4.0.6 and above, and any instances running the security patches released 2012-05-22) contain a vulnerability which incorrectly allows though CSRF requests which toggle ticket bookmarks. All versions of RT are vulnerable to a confused deputy attack on the user. While not strictly a CSRF attack, users who are not logged in who are tricked into following a malicious link may, after supplying their credentials, be subject to an attack which leverages their credentials to modify arbitrary state. While users who were logged in would have observed the CSRF protection page, users who were not logged in receive no such warning due to the intervening login process. RT has been extended to notify users of pending actions during the login process. RT 3.8.0 and above are susceptible to a number of vulnerabilities concerning improper signing or encryption of messages using GnuPG; if GnuPG is not enabled, none of the following affect you." ); # http://blog.bestpractical.com/2012/10/security-vulnerabilities-in-rt.html script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?2181f5d2" ); # https://vuxml.freebsd.org/freebsd/4b738d54-2427-11e2-9817-c8600054b392.html script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?91178253" ); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Update the affected packages."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:rt38"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:freebsd:freebsd:rt40"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:freebsd:freebsd"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2012/10/26"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2012/11/01"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2012/11/02"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2012-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"FreeBSD Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/FreeBSD/release", "Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("freebsd_package.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "FreeBSD"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/FreeBSD/pkg_info")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); flag = 0; if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"rt40>=4.0<4.0.8")) flag++; if (pkg_test(save_report:TRUE, pkg:"rt38<3.8.15")) flag++; if (flag) { if (report_verbosity > 0) security_warning(port:0, extra:pkg_report_get()); else security_warning(0); exit(0); } else audit(AUDIT_HOST_NOT, "affected");
References
- http://lists.bestpractical.com/pipermail/rt-announce/2012-October/000212.html
- http://lists.bestpractical.com/pipermail/rt-announce/2012-October/000212.html
- http://lists.bestpractical.com/pipermail/rt-announce/2012-October/000215.html
- http://lists.bestpractical.com/pipermail/rt-announce/2012-October/000215.html
- http://secunia.com/advisories/51062
- http://secunia.com/advisories/51062
- http://secunia.com/advisories/51111
- http://secunia.com/advisories/51111
- http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2568
- http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2568