Vulnerabilities > CVE-2010-4478 - Improper Authentication vulnerability in Openbsd Openssh
Attack vector
UNKNOWN Attack complexity
UNKNOWN Privileges required
UNKNOWN Confidentiality impact
UNKNOWN Integrity impact
UNKNOWN Availability impact
UNKNOWN Summary
OpenSSH 5.6 and earlier, when J-PAKE is enabled, does not properly validate the public parameters in the J-PAKE protocol, which allows remote attackers to bypass the need for knowledge of the shared secret, and successfully authenticate, by sending crafted values in each round of the protocol, a related issue to CVE-2010-4252.
Vulnerable Configurations
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
- Authentication Abuse An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker. This attack may exploit assumptions made by the target's authentication procedures, such as assumptions regarding trust relationships or assumptions regarding the generation of secret values. This attack differs from Authentication Bypass attacks in that Authentication Abuse allows the attacker to be certified as a valid user through illegitimate means, while Authentication Bypass allows the user to access protected material without ever being certified as an authenticated user. This attack does not rely on prior sessions established by successfully authenticating users, as relied upon for the "Exploitation of Session Variables, Resource IDs and other Trusted Credentials" attack patterns.
- Exploiting Trust in Client (aka Make the Client Invisible) An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by placing themselves in the communication channel between client and server such that communication directly to the server is possible where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
- Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Register Man in the Middle This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to place man in the middle once SSL is terminated. Rest applications premise is that they leverage existing infrastructure to deliver web services functionality. An example of this is a Rest application that uses HTTP Get methods and receives a HTTP response with an XML document. These Rest style web services are deployed on existing infrastructure such as Apache and IIS web servers with no SOAP stack required. Unfortunately from a security standpoint, there frequently is no interoperable identity security mechanism deployed, so Rest developers often fall back to SSL to deliver security. In large data centers, SSL is typically terminated at the edge of the network - at the firewall, load balancer, or router. Once the SSL is terminated the HTTP request is in the clear (unless developers have hashed or encrypted the values, but this is rare). The attacker can utilize a sniffer such as Wireshark to snapshot the credentials, such as username and password that are passed in the clear once SSL is terminated. Once the attacker gathers these credentials, they can submit requests to the web service provider just as authorized user do. There is not typically an authentication on the client side, beyond what is passed in the request itself so once this is compromised, then this is generally sufficient to compromise the service's authentication scheme.
- Man in the Middle Attack This type of attack targets the communication between two components (typically client and server). The attacker places himself in the communication channel between the two components. Whenever one component attempts to communicate with the other (data flow, authentication challenges, etc.), the data first goes to the attacker, who has the opportunity to observe or alter it, and it is then passed on to the other component as if it was never intercepted. This interposition is transparent leaving the two compromised components unaware of the potential corruption or leakage of their communications. The potential for Man-in-the-Middle attacks yields an implicit lack of trust in communication or identify between two components.
Nessus
NASL family Misc. NASL id OPENSSH_57.NASL description According to its banner, the version of OpenSSH running on the remote host is earlier than 5.7. Versions before 5.7 may be affected by the following vulnerabilities : - A security bypass vulnerability because OpenSSH does not properly validate the public parameters in the J-PAKE protocol. This could allow an attacker to authenticate without the shared secret. Note that this issue is only exploitable when OpenSSH is built with J-PAKE support, which is currently experimental and disabled by default, and that Nessus has not checked whether J-PAKE support is indeed enabled. (CVE-2010-4478) - The auth_parse_options function in auth-options.c in sshd provides debug messages containing authorized_keys command options, which allows remote, authenticated users to obtain potentially sensitive information by reading these messages. (CVE-2012-0814) last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 44081 published 2011-10-04 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2011-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/44081 title OpenSSH < 5.7 Multiple Vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # include('compat.inc'); if (description) { script_id(44081); script_version("1.13"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/11/15 20:50:23"); script_cve_id("CVE-2010-4478", "CVE-2012-0814"); script_bugtraq_id(45304, 51702); script_name(english:"OpenSSH < 5.7 Multiple Vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks the version reported in the SSH banner."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote SSH service may be affected by multiple vulnerabilities."); script_set_attribute(attribute:"description", value: "According to its banner, the version of OpenSSH running on the remote host is earlier than 5.7. Versions before 5.7 may be affected by the following vulnerabilities : - A security bypass vulnerability because OpenSSH does not properly validate the public parameters in the J-PAKE protocol. This could allow an attacker to authenticate without the shared secret. Note that this issue is only exploitable when OpenSSH is built with J-PAKE support, which is currently experimental and disabled by default, and that Nessus has not checked whether J-PAKE support is indeed enabled. (CVE-2010-4478) - The auth_parse_options function in auth-options.c in sshd provides debug messages containing authorized_keys command options, which allows remote, authenticated users to obtain potentially sensitive information by reading these messages. (CVE-2012-0814)"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"solution", value:"Upgrade to OpenSSH 5.7 or later."); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cvss_score_source", value:"CVE-2010-4478"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://seb.dbzteam.org/crypto/jpake-session-key-retrieval.pdf"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.bin/ssh/Attic/jpake.c#rev1.5"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"see_also", value:"http://www.nessus.org/u?2ac4f8d9"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"vuln_publication_date", value:"2010/09/12"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2010/09/20"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2011/10/04"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/a:openbsd:openssh"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"remote"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_family(english:"Misc."); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2011-2018 Tenable Network Security, Inc."); script_dependencies("ssh_detect.nasl"); script_require_ports("Services/ssh", 22); script_require_keys("Settings/ParanoidReport"); exit(0); } include("backport.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("misc_func.inc"); # Ensure the port is open. port = get_service(svc:"ssh", exit_on_fail:TRUE); # Get banner for service. banner = get_kb_item_or_exit("SSH/banner/"+port); bp_banner = tolower(get_backport_banner(banner:banner)); if ("openssh" >!< bp_banner) exit(0, "The SSH service on port "+port+" is not OpenSSH."); if (backported) exit(1, "The banner from the OpenSSH server on port "+port+" indicates patches may have been backported."); # Check the version in the banner. match = eregmatch(string:bp_banner, pattern:'openssh[-_]([0-9][-._0-9a-z]+)'); if (isnull(match)) exit(1, 'Could not parse the version string from the banner on port '+port+'.'); version = match[1]; if (version =~ '^([0-4]\\.|5\\.[0-6](\\.|[^\\.0-9]|$))') { if (report_verbosity > 0) { report = '\n Version source : ' + banner + '\n Installed version : ' + version + '\n Fixed version : 5.7\n'; security_hole(port:port, extra:report); } else security_hole(port); exit(0); } else exit(0, 'The OpenSSH server on port '+port+' is not affected as it\'s version '+version+'.');
NASL family Gentoo Local Security Checks NASL id GENTOO_GLSA-201405-06.NASL description The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-201405-06 (OpenSSH: Multiple vulnerabilities) Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in OpenSSH. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details. Impact : A remote attacker could execute arbitrary code, cause a Denial of Service condition, obtain sensitive information, or bypass environment restrictions. Workaround : There is no known workaround at this time. last seen 2020-06-01 modified 2020-06-02 plugin id 73958 published 2014-05-12 reporter This script is Copyright (C) 2014-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof. source https://www.tenable.com/plugins/nessus/73958 title GLSA-201405-06 : OpenSSH: Multiple vulnerabilities code # # (C) Tenable Network Security, Inc. # # The descriptive text and package checks in this plugin were # extracted from Gentoo Linux Security Advisory GLSA 201405-06. # # The advisory text is Copyright (C) 2001-2018 Gentoo Foundation, Inc. # and licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution / Share Alike # license. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ # include("compat.inc"); if (description) { script_id(73958); script_version("1.12"); script_cvs_date("Date: 2018/07/13 15:08:46"); script_cve_id("CVE-2008-5161", "CVE-2010-4478", "CVE-2010-4755", "CVE-2010-5107", "CVE-2011-5000", "CVE-2012-0814", "CVE-2014-2532"); script_bugtraq_id(32319, 45304, 51702, 54114, 58162, 66355); script_xref(name:"GLSA", value:"201405-06"); script_name(english:"GLSA-201405-06 : OpenSSH: Multiple vulnerabilities"); script_summary(english:"Checks for updated package(s) in /var/db/pkg"); script_set_attribute( attribute:"synopsis", value: "The remote Gentoo host is missing one or more security-related patches." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"description", value: "The remote host is affected by the vulnerability described in GLSA-201405-06 (OpenSSH: Multiple vulnerabilities) Multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in OpenSSH. Please review the CVE identifiers referenced below for details. Impact : A remote attacker could execute arbitrary code, cause a Denial of Service condition, obtain sensitive information, or bypass environment restrictions. Workaround : There is no known workaround at this time." ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"see_also", value:"https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201405-06" ); script_set_attribute( attribute:"solution", value: "All OpenSSH users should upgrade to the latest version: # emerge --sync # emerge --ask --oneshot --verbose '>=net-misc/openssh-6.6_p1-r1' NOTE: One or more of the issues described in this advisory have been fixed in previous updates. They are included in this advisory for the sake of completeness. It is likely that your system is already no longer affected by them." ); script_set_cvss_base_vector("CVSS2#AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P"); script_set_cvss_temporal_vector("CVSS2#E:U/RL:OF/RC:C"); script_set_cvss3_base_vector("CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"); script_set_cvss3_temporal_vector("CVSS:3.0/E:U/RL:O/RC:C"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploitability_ease", value:"No known exploits are available"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"exploit_available", value:"false"); script_cwe_id(200); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_type", value:"local"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"p-cpe:/a:gentoo:linux:openssh"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"cpe", value:"cpe:/o:gentoo:linux"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"patch_publication_date", value:"2014/05/11"); script_set_attribute(attribute:"plugin_publication_date", value:"2014/05/12"); script_end_attributes(); script_category(ACT_GATHER_INFO); script_copyright(english:"This script is Copyright (C) 2014-2018 and is owned by Tenable, Inc. or an Affiliate thereof."); script_family(english:"Gentoo Local Security Checks"); script_dependencies("ssh_get_info.nasl"); script_require_keys("Host/local_checks_enabled", "Host/Gentoo/release", "Host/Gentoo/qpkg-list"); exit(0); } include("audit.inc"); include("global_settings.inc"); include("qpkg.inc"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/local_checks_enabled")) audit(AUDIT_LOCAL_CHECKS_NOT_ENABLED); if (!get_kb_item("Host/Gentoo/release")) audit(AUDIT_OS_NOT, "Gentoo"); if (!get_kb_item("Host/Gentoo/qpkg-list")) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_LIST_MISSING); flag = 0; if (qpkg_check(package:"net-misc/openssh", unaffected:make_list("ge 6.6_p1-r1"), vulnerable:make_list("lt 6.6_p1-r1"))) flag++; if (flag) { if (report_verbosity > 0) security_hole(port:0, extra:qpkg_report_get()); else security_hole(0); exit(0); } else { tested = qpkg_tests_get(); if (tested) audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_AFFECTED, tested); else audit(AUDIT_PACKAGE_NOT_INSTALLED, "OpenSSH"); }
Oval
accepted | 2011-04-25T04:00:11.505-04:00 | ||||
class | vulnerability | ||||
contributors |
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definition_extensions |
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description | OpenSSH 5.6 and earlier, when J-PAKE is enabled, does not properly validate the public parameters in the J-PAKE protocol, which allows remote attackers to bypass the need for knowledge of the shared secret, and successfully authenticate, by sending crafted values in each round of the protocol, a related issue to CVE-2010-4252. | ||||
family | windows | ||||
id | oval:org.mitre.oval:def:12338 | ||||
status | accepted | ||||
submitted | 2011-03-16T17:27:26 | ||||
title | Security bypass vulnerability in OpenSSH version 5.6 or lower | ||||
version | 4 |
References
- http://seb.dbzteam.org/crypto/jpake-session-key-retrieval.pdf
- https://github.com/seb-m/jpake
- http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.bin/ssh/jpake.c#rev1.5
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=659297
- http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10673
- https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A12338
- http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.bin/ssh/jpake.c.diff?r1=1.4%3Br2=1.5%3Bf=h